絶滅した動物一覧

世界絶滅動物墓地。中国北京瀛州生態公園英語版。また、世界中で人間によって絶滅した生物の慰霊碑ライフ・ケルン英語版が建てられている。

絶滅した動物一覧(ぜつめつしたどうぶついちらん、List of extinct animals)は、地球上から絶滅した動物のリストである。野生個体の絶滅である「野生絶滅」も扱う。

(注意: このリストに掲載されている動物以外にも絶滅した動物は多く存在する)

絶滅した分類群(階級以上)

現生種に至る側系統群とされるものは「*」で示す。

その他動物

先カンブリア時代(46億~5億4,200万年前)

カンブリア紀(5億4,200万~4億8,830万年前)

オルドビス紀(4億8,830万~4億4,370万年前)・シルル紀(4億4,370万~4億1,600万年前)

デボン紀(4億1,600万~3億5,920万年前)

石炭紀(3億5,920万~2億9,900万年前)

ペルム紀(二畳紀)(2億9,900万~2億5,100万年前)

三畳紀(2億5,190万~2億130万年前)

ジュラ紀(2億130万~1億4,550万年前)

白亜紀(1億4,500万~6,600万年前)

第三紀(6,600万~258万年前)

所属不明

第四紀(258万年前~現代):17世紀前

爬虫類

鳥類

魚類

哺乳類

ホモ属

ホモ属

ホモ属

地域個体群の絶滅(野生絶滅を含む)

日本産

世界

再発見されたもの

一旦は何らかの形で絶滅が確定したと思われていたものの、その後生存が確認されたものを挙げる(絶滅確定年から再発見まで50年以上のもの)。

哺乳類

鳥類

  • オオハシヨシキリ - 1867年絶滅確定、2006年再発見。標本が一体だけであったために存在そのものを疑われていた。
  • ダイトウウグイス - 1922年絶滅確定、2008年5月に鹿児島県喜界島にて再発見。
  • タスマンアオツラカツオドリ - 19世紀前半に絶滅と推定されたが、2009年にDNAおよび骨格について調査したところ実際にはアオツラカツオドリと全く同一の種であることが判明し、これまでの「近縁種」という説を覆した。
  • ハジロシャクケイ - ペルー固有種。1876年に発見後、1977年まで発見例がなかったため絶滅したと考えられていた。その後に複数の地域で発見例があるものの多くの地域でペアはいないと考えられている。分布域の一部を保護区に指定したり、飼育下の個体を繁殖させ再導入する試みが進められている。再発見時における生息数は少なくとも54-68羽、多くても数百羽、1980年代後半における生息数は200羽未満と推定されている。
  • バミューダミズナギドリ - 1631年に絶滅と推定されたが、1931年に灯台に衝突した個体が回収され、DNA鑑定によりバミューダミズナギドリであることがわかった。絶滅したと推定されていた期間はおよそ300年にも渡った。
  • ヒメフクロウインコ - 1921年以降、発見例がなかったため絶滅と推定されたが、1979年に再発見された。そして、2013年にはこの種では初めてとなる写真と映像での記録が残された。

爬虫類

両生類

魚類

軟体動物

節足動物

脚注

注釈

  1. ^ 有爪動物緩歩動物節足動物を除いた側系統群とされる。
  2. ^ 真節足動物を除いた側系統群とされる。
  3. ^ 狭義のカブトガニ類カスマタスピス類ウミサソリ類・クモガタ類を除いた側系統群とされる。
  4. ^ 鳥類を含む場合は現生群と言える。非鳥類型恐竜(non-avian dinosaur)の場合は絶滅群で、鳥類を除いた側系統群とされる。
  5. ^ 本群以外の顎口類を除いた側系統群とされる。

出典

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