September 1913 lunar eclipse

September 1913 lunar eclipse
Total eclipse
The Moon's hourly motion shown right to left
DateSeptember 15, 1913
Gamma−0.2109
Magnitude1.4304
Saros cycle126 (39 of 70)
Totality93 minutes, 29 seconds
Partiality230 minutes, 33 seconds
Penumbral373 minutes, 1 second
Contacts (UTC)
P19:41:33
U110:52:47
U212:01:19
Greatest12:48:04
U313:34:48
U414:43:20
P415:54:34
← March 1913
March 1914 →

A total lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Monday, September 15, 1913,[1] with an umbral magnitude of 1.4304. It was a central lunar eclipse, in which part of the Moon passed through the center of the Earth's shadow. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon's near side entirely passes into the Earth's umbral shadow. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. A total lunar eclipse can last up to nearly two hours, while a total solar eclipse lasts only a few minutes at any given place, because the Moon's shadow is smaller. Occurring only about 30 minutes after apogee (on September 15, 1913, at 12:20 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.[2]

Visibility

The eclipse was completely visible over northeast Asia and Australia, seen rising over much of Asia and east Africa and setting over North America and western South America.[3]

Eclipse details

Shown below is a table displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. It describes various parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[4]

September 15, 1913 Lunar Eclipse Parameters
Parameter Value
Penumbral Magnitude 2.51225
Umbral Magnitude 1.43037
Gamma −0.21093
Sun Right Ascension 11h30m49.6s
Sun Declination +03°09'08.3"
Sun Semi-Diameter 15'54.6"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 08.7"
Moon Right Ascension 23h31m11.8s
Moon Declination -03°19'05.5"
Moon Semi-Diameter 14'42.3"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 0°53'58.2"
ΔT 15.4 s

Eclipse season

See also: Eclipse cycle

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight. The first and last eclipse in this sequence is separated by one synodic month.

Eclipse season of August–September 1913
August 31
Descending node (new moon)		 September 15
Ascending node (full moon)		 September 30
Descending node (new moon)
Partial solar eclipse
Solar Saros 114		 Total lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 126		 Partial solar eclipse
Solar Saros 152

Eclipses in 1913

Metonic

Tzolkinex

Half-Saros

Tritos

Lunar Saros 126

Inex

Triad

Lunar eclipses of 1912–1915

This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of lunar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[5]

The penumbral lunar eclipses on January 31, 1915 and July 26, 1915 occur in the next lunar year eclipse set.

Lunar eclipse series sets from 1912 to 1915
Descending node   Ascending node
Saros Date
Viewing 		Type
Chart 		Gamma Saros Date
Viewing 		Type
Chart 		Gamma
111 1912 Apr 01
 Partial
 0.9116 116 1912 Sep 26
 Partial
 −0.9320
121 1913 Mar 22
 Total
 0.1671 126 1913 Sep 15
 Total
 −0.2109
131 1914 Mar 12
 Partial
 −0.5254 136 1914 Sep 04
 Partial
 0.5301
141 1915 Mar 01
 Penumbral
 −1.2573 146 1915 Aug 24
 Penumbral
 1.2435

Saros 126

This eclipse is a part of Saros series 126, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 70 events. The series started with a penumbral lunar eclipse on July 18, 1228. It contains partial eclipses from March 24, 1625 through June 9, 1751; total eclipses from June 19, 1769 through November 9, 2003; and a second set of partial eclipses from November 19, 2021 through June 5, 2346. The series ends at member 70 as a penumbral eclipse on August 19, 2472.

The longest duration of totality was produced by member 36 at 106 minutes, 27 seconds on August 13, 1859. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit.[6]

Greatest First
The greatest eclipse of the series occurred on 1859 Aug 13, lasting 106 minutes, 27 seconds.[7] Penumbral Partial Total Central
1228 Jul 18
 1625 Mar 24
 1769 Jun 19
 1805 Jul 11
Last
Central Total Partial Penumbral
1931 Sep 26
 2003 Nov 09
 2346 Jun 05
 2472 Aug 19

Eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

Inex series

The inex series repeats eclipses 20 days short of 29 years, repeating on average every 10571.95 days. This period is equal to 358 lunations (synodic months) and 388.5 draconic months. Saros series increment by one on successive Inex events and repeat at alternate ascending and descending lunar nodes.

This period is 383.6734 anomalistic months (the period of the Moon's elliptical orbital precession). Despite the average 0.05 time-of-day shift between subsequent events, the variation of the Moon in its elliptical orbit at each event causes the actual eclipse time to vary significantly. It is a part of Lunar Inex series 40.

All events in this series shown (from 1000 to 2500) are central total lunar eclipses.

Inex series from 1000–2500 AD
Descending node Ascending node Descending node Ascending node
Saros Date Saros Date Saros Date Saros Date
95 1016 May 24 96 1045 May 3 97 1074 Apr 14 98 1103 Mar 25
99 1132 Mar 3 100 1161 Feb 12 101 1190 Jan 23 102 1219 Jan 2
103 1247 Dec 13 104 1276 Nov 23 105 1305 Nov 2 106 1334 Oct 13
107 1363 Sep 23 108 1392 Sep 2 109 1421 Aug 13 110 1450 Jul 24
111 1479 Jul 4 112 1508 Jun 13
 113 1537 May 24 114 1566 May 4
115 1595 Apr 24 116 1624 Apr 3 117 1653 Mar 14 118 1682 Feb 21
119 1711 Feb 3 120 1740 Jan 13 121 1768 Dec 23 122 1797 Dec 4
123 1826 Nov 14 124 1855 Oct 25 125 1884 Oct 4 126 1913 Sep 15
127 1942 Aug 26
 128 1971 Aug 6
 129 2000 Jul 16
 130 2029 Jun 26
131 2058 Jun 6
 132 2087 May 17
 133 2116 Apr 27 134 2145 Apr 7
135 2174 Mar 18 136 2203 Feb 26 137 2232 Feb 7 138 2261 Jan 17
139 2289 Dec 27 140 2318 Dec 9 141 2347 Nov 19 142 2376 Oct 28
143 2405 Oct 8 144 2434 Sep 18 145 2463 Aug 29 146 2492 Aug 8

Half-Saros cycle

A lunar eclipse will be preceded and followed by solar eclipses by 9 years and 5.5 days (a half saros).[8] This lunar eclipse is related to two total solar eclipses of Solar Saros 133.

September 9, 1904 September 21, 1922

See also

Notes

  1. ^ "September 15–16, 1913 Total Lunar Eclipse (Blood Moon)". timeanddate. Retrieved 16 December 2024.
  2. ^ "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved 16 December 2024.
  3. ^ "Total Lunar Eclipse of 1913 Sep 15" (PDF). NASA. Retrieved 16 December 2024.
  4. ^ "Total Lunar Eclipse of 1913 Sep 15". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 16 December 2024.
  5. ^ van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  6. ^ "NASA - Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 126". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.
  7. ^ Listing of Eclipses of series 126
  8. ^ Mathematical Astronomy Morsels, Jean Meeus, p.110, Chapter 18, The half-saros