Antofillite

Antofillite
Classificazione Strunz (ed. 10)9.DE.05[1]
Formula chimica☐Mg2Mg5Si8O22(OH)2[2]
Proprietà cristallografiche
Gruppo cristallinotrimetrico
Sistema cristallinoortorombico[2]
Parametri di cellaa=18,544(2)Å, b=18,026(2)Å, c=5,282(1)Å, V=1765,6(4) ų, Z=4[3]
Gruppo puntuale2/m 2/m 2/m
Gruppo spazialeP nma[3]
Proprietà fisiche
Densità misurata2,9-3,5[4] g/cm³
Densità calcolata3,09[5] g/cm³
Durezza (Mohs)5½-6[4]
Sfaldaturaperfetta secondo {210}[4]
Fratturafragile, le fibre sono elastiche[4]
Coloregrigio, grigio brunastro, bruno giallastro, bruno chiodo di garofano, verde brunastro, verde smeraldo[4]
Lucentezzavitrea, perlacea sulle facce di sfaldatura
Opacitàda trasparente a traslucida[4]
Strisciobianco o grigiastro[4]
Si invita a seguire lo schema di Modello di voce – Minerale
Antofillite fibrosa, vista al microscopio elettronico

L'antofillite è un minerale, un anfibolo appartenente al sottogruppo degli anfiboli di magnesio-ferro-manganese in base alla revisione della nomenclatura degli anfiboli del 2012[2], precedentemente era classificato come appartenente al gruppo degli anfiboli Mg-Fe-Mn-Li[6]. È un asbesto di ferro-magnesio formato da soluzioni isomorfe la cui formula è Mg2Fe5Si8O22(OH)2 e Mg2Mg5 Si8O22(OH)2. Anche se in natura è molto raro esiste il termine estremo magnesifero; ma non quello ferrifero, la cui percentuale massima è del 20-30%, denominata ferro-anthophyllite.

Questo minerale è stato descritto per la prima volta dal mineralogista tedesco Christian Friedrich Schumacher nel 1801[7]. Il nome del minerale viene dalla parola latina anthophyllum che significa chiodo di garofano in riferimento al colore più comune con cui si presenta[1].

Morfologia

Solitamente l'antofillite si rinviene in aggregati fibrosi aciculari o colonnari di colore da grigio-verde al bruno chiaro, raramente in cristalli prismatici. È traslucida, con lucentezza vitrea, fragile e perfettamente sfaldabile secondo il prisma verticale.

Origine e giacitura

L'antofillite è frequente nelle rocce metamorfiche. È il prodotto del metamorfismo sulle rocce ricche di magnesio, in particolare rocce magmatiche ultrabasiche e shale dolomitici impuri. Si forma anche come prodotto di metamorfismo retrogrado di olivina ed ortopirosseni relitti e come minerale accessorio negli gneiss e negli scisti ricchi di cordierite. L'antofillite può formarsi anche minerale di metamorfismo retrogrado derivato da rocce ultramafiche insieme alla serpentinite.

Note

  1. ^ a b (EN) Anthophyllite mineral information and data - mindat.org, su mindat.org. URL consultato il 4 novembre 2013.
  2. ^ a b c Hawthorne, p. 2035.
  3. ^ a b Walitzi, p. 237.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g Anthonyhttp://www.handbookofmineralogy.org/pdfs/anthophyllite.pdf.
  5. ^ Walitzi, p. 239.
  6. ^ Leake, p. 1359.
  7. ^ Schumacher, p. 96.

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