MiR-296

miR-296
Conserved secondary structure of miR-296 microRNA precursor
Identifiers
SymbolmiR-296
Alt. SymbolsMIR296
RfamRF00733
miRBaseMI0000747
miRBase familyMIPF0000159
NCBI Gene407022
HGNC31617
OMIM610945
RefSeqNR_029844
Other data
RNA typemiRNA
Domain(s)Mammalia
GO0035195
SO0001244
LocusChr. 20 q13.32
PDB structuresPDBe

miR-296 is a family of microRNA precursors found in mammals, including humans. The ~22 nucleotide mature miRNA sequence is excised from the precursor hairpin by the enzyme Dicer.[1] This sequence then associates with RISC which effects RNA interference.[2]

miR-296 has been named an "angiomiR"[3] due to being characterised as a microRNA which regulates angiogenesis, the process of growth and creation of new blood vessels.[4] miR-296 is thought to have a specific role in cancer in promoting tumour angiogenesis.[3][5] It achieves this by targeting HGS mRNA, reducing its expression in endothelial cells which then results in greater number of VEGF receptors.[3][6]

miR-296 has predicted target sites in the transcription factor NANOG[7] and may also contribute to carcinogenesis by dysregulating p53.[8]

References

  1. ^ Ambros V (December 2001). "microRNAs: tiny regulators with great potential". Cell. 107 (7): 823–6. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00616-X. PMID 11779458. S2CID 14574186.
  2. ^ Gregory RI, Chendrimada TP, Cooch N, Shiekhattar R (November 2005). "Human RISC couples microRNA biogenesis and posttranscriptional gene silencing". Cell. 123 (4): 631–40. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.10.022. PMID 16271387. S2CID 16973870.
  3. ^ a b c Wang S, Olson EN (June 2009). "AngiomiRs--key regulators of angiogenesis". Current Opinion in Genetics & Development. 19 (3): 205–11. doi:10.1016/j.gde.2009.04.002. PMC 2696563. PMID 19446450.
  4. ^ Anand S, Cheresh DA (May 2011). "MicroRNA-mediated regulation of the angiogenic switch". Current Opinion in Hematology. 18 (3): 171–6. doi:10.1097/MOH.0b013e328345a180. PMC 3159578. PMID 21423013. (subscription required)
  5. ^ Bonauer A, Boon RA, Dimmeler S (August 2010). "Vascular microRNAs". Current Drug Targets. 11 (8): 943–9. doi:10.2174/138945010791591313. PMID 20415654.
  6. ^ Würdinger T, Tannous BA, Saydam O, Skog J, Grau S, Soutschek J, Weissleder R, Breakefield XO, Krichevsky AM (November 2008). "miR-296 regulates growth factor receptor overexpression in angiogenic endothelial cells". Cancer Cell. 14 (5): 382–93. doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2008.10.005. PMC 2597164. PMID 18977327.
  7. ^ Tay Y, Zhang J, Thomson AM, Lim B, Rigoutsos I (October 2008). "MicroRNAs to Nanog, Oct4 and Sox2 coding regions modulate embryonic stem cell differentiation". Nature. 455 (7216): 1124–8. Bibcode:2008Natur.455.1124T. doi:10.1038/nature07299. PMID 18806776. S2CID 4330178.
  8. ^ Yoon AR, Gao R, Kaul Z, Choi IK, Ryu J, Noble JR, Kato Y, Saito S, Hirano T, Ishii T, Reddel RR, Yun CO, Kaul SC, Wadhwa R (October 2011). "MicroRNA-296 is enriched in cancer cells and downregulates p21WAF1 mRNA expression via interaction with its 3' untranslated region". Nucleic Acids Research. 39 (18): 8078–91. doi:10.1093/nar/gkr492. PMC 3185413. PMID 21724611.