馬門溪龍最早是在1952年於四川的公路修筑工地上發現。這個部份骨骸後來經研究,在1954年由著名的中國古生物學家杨锺健命名為建設馬門溪龍(Mamenchisaurus constructus)。屬名意為「馬門溪的蜥蜴」,由漢語拼音mǎ「馬」+mén「門」+chi(xi的改寫)「溪」組成,意指化石最初發現地,位於四川宜賓金沙江的馬鳴溪渡口旁的建設工地,但由於楊的口音而將馬鳴溪龍誤作為馬門溪龍;[13]種名建設(constructus)則指第一具化石是在建築工地出土。[2]正模標本(編號IVPP AS V.790)來自上沙溪廟組的漢通組層位,年代為侏罗纪晚期牛津階。包含了14節不完整的頸椎。另外一個也是缺乏頭顱的部分骨骼(編號IVPP V948)也被歸入此種。[2]
在此之後,有其他多個物種陸續被命名。第二個有效種合川馬門溪龍(Mamenchisaurus hochuanensis),牠的模式標本編號為GCC V 20401,包含一個沒有頭骨的部分骨骼,保存了接近完整的19節頸椎。與模式種來自同一地層。最早於二戰之前在合川太平地區被發現,直到1957年四月才被挖掘出來,並於1965年在北京清修完成,由楊鍾健、趙喜進於1972年正式發表敘述。[3]文革期間,當時楊也擔心著自己的安全,於是這個標本的複製模型被大量製作出來,並送往中國以外以便保護;這些模型後來成為象徵著卡爾·馬克思推崇的演化理論的印證。複製品的問題在於頸椎沒有彼此分別開來,為了將其頸部彎曲,許多椎體中間被打斷並出現原本不存在的關節位置。2001年標本編號ZDM 0126被歸至合川馬門溪龍,包含頭骨、胸帶及前肢,都是正模標本缺失的部份。[14]總共有至少五具以上的標本被歸入此種。
葛瑞格利·保羅(英语:Gregory S. Paul)於2010年針對一些重要發現作了估計:他估計模式種建設馬門溪龍長15公尺及重5噸,並認為此種的頸部並未極度加長;而合川馬門溪龍的情況肯定不同,估計長20公尺及重14噸[10];1972年楊曾估計重達45噸。2016年的一份質量估計,根據21世紀北京製作的第二件骨架,由IVPP V456-V458三件標本組合而成,得出結論為最小估計值12063公斤。根據保羅於1988年的估計頸部長9.3公尺,在當時創下紀錄,[16]直到超龍(頸長14公尺)及波塞東龍(頸長11.5至12公尺)發表才被超越。[17]相對於身體長度,頸部非常細長,且尾部也較短,使頸長相當於其餘身體長度。後者觀點也適用於楊氏種,保羅估計長17公尺及重7噸;而他估計井研種長20公尺及重12噸。保羅同意博物館的模型並將其標示為中加種新標本的正確呈現,使其體長35公尺及重75噸,創下已發現的陸生骨骼的最大紀錄;[10]其頸部長17公尺,超越波塞東龍、梁龍的地震種、超龍的數值成為新紀錄;較小的模式標本頸長12公尺,頸肋長4.1公尺,也創下已敘述的最長蜥腳類頸肋記錄,長於波塞東龍的3.42公尺。[18]保羅亦認為安岳種大型,長25公尺及重25噸,同樣有極長頸部。[10][19]
^ 1.01.11.21.3Wang, J.; Norell, M. A.; Pei, R.; Ye, Y.; Chang, S.-C. Surprisingly young age for the mamenchisaurid sauropods in South China. Cretaceous Research. 2019, 104: 104176. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2019.07.006.
^ 2.02.12.22.32.42.5Young, C.C. (1954), On a new sauropod from Yiping, Szechuan, China. sinica, III(4), 481-514.
^ 3.03.13.23.33.4Young, C.C., and Zhao, X.-J. (1972). "Mamenchisaurus hochuanensis sp. nov." Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Monographs, A, 8:1-30.
^ 4.04.14.2Russell, D.A., Zheng, Z. (1993). "A large mamenchisaurid from the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, People Republic of China." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, (30): 2082-2095.
^ 5.05.15.25.35.4PI, L., OU, Y. and YE, Y. 1996. A new species of sauropod from Zigong, Sichuan, Mamenchisaurus youngi. 87–91. In DEPARTMENT OF SPATIAL PLANNING AND REGIONAL ECONOMY (ed.), Publication in Geoscience Contributed to the 30th International Geological Congress. China Economic Publishing House, Beijing.
^ 7.07.17.27.37.4Zhang, Y.; W. Chen. Preliminary research on the classification of sauropods from Sichuan Basin, China. Morales, M. (编). The Continental Jurassic. Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin, 60. Museum of Northern Arizona. 1996: 97–107.
^ 8.08.18.28.38.4Zhang, Yihong; Li, kui; Zeng, Qinghua. 'A new species of sauropod from the Late Jurassic of the Sichuan Basin (Mamenchisaurus jingyanensis sp. nov.)'. Journal of the Chengdu University of Technology. 1998, 25 (1): 61–68.
^ 9.09.19.2Fang, X.; Zhao; Lu, L.; Cheng, Z. Discovery of Late Jurassic Mamenchisaurus in Yunnan, southwestern China. Geological Bulletin of China. 2004, 23 (9-10): 1005–1011.
^Norman, David B. Dinosaur Systematics. Weishampel, D.B.; Dodson, P.; Osmólska, H. (编). The Dinosauria 2nd. Berkeley: University of California Press. 2004: 318. ISBN 0-520-24209-2.
^ 14.014.1Ye, Y.; Ouyang, H.; Fu, Q.-M. New material of Mamenchisaurus hochuanensis from Ziging China. Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 2001, 39 (4): 266–271.
^ 15.015.1Hou, L.-h.; S.-w. Zhou; S.-c. Chao. New discovery of sauropod dinosaurs from Sichuan. Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 1976, 14 (3): 160–165 (中文).
^Paul, G.S. (1988). "The brachiosaur giants of the Morrison and Tendaguru with a description of a new subgenus, Giraffatitan, and a comparison of the world's largest dinosaurs". Hunteria, 2(3): 1–14.
^"Osteology, paleobiology, and relationships of the sauropod dinosaur Sauroposeidon", by Mathew J. Wedel, Richard L. Cifelli, and R. Kent Sanders (Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 45, pages 343–388, 2000).
^Xing, L; Ye, Y; Shu, C; Peng, G; You, H. Structure, orientation and finite element analysis of the tail club of Mamenchisaurus hochuanensis.. Acta Geologica Sinica (English Edition). 2009, 83 (6): 1031–1040. doi:10.1111/j.1755-6724.2009.00134.x.
^ 21.021.121.221.3Ouyang Hui, Ye Yong: The first mamenchisaurian skeleton with complete skull Mamenchisaurus Youngi. Sichuan Science and Technology Press, Chengdu 2001, ISBN 7-5364-4871-6, S. 90.
^ 22.022.1Paul Upchurch , Paul M. Barrett , Peter Dodson: Sauropoda. En: David B. Weishampel, Peter Dodson, Halszka Osmólska (ed.): The Dinosauria . 2da edicion. University of California Press, Berkeley CA et al.2004 , ISBN 0-520-24209-2 , pp. 259-324.
^Heinrich Mallison: Rearing giants – kinetic/dynamic modeling of sauropod bipedal and tripodal poses. In: P. Martin Sander, Andreas Christian, Marcus Clauss, Regina Fechner, Carole T. Gee, Eva-Maria Griebeler, Hanns-Christian Gunga, Jürgen Hummel, Heinrich Mallison, Steven F. Perry, Holger Preuschoft, Oliver W. M. Rauhut, Kristian Remes, Thomas Tütken, Oliver Wings, Ulrich Witzel (Hrsg.): Biology of the sauropod dinosaurs. Understanding the life of giants. Indiana University Press, Bloomington IN u. a. 2011, ISBN 978-0-253-35508-9, S. 237–250.
^P. Martin Sander, Andreas Christian, Marcus Clauss, Regina Fechner, Carole T. Gee, Eva-Maria Griebeler, Hanns-Christian Gunga, Jürgen Hummel, Heinrich Mallison, Steven F. Perry, Holger Preuschoft, Oliver W. M. Rauhut, Kristian Remes, Thomas Tütken, Oliver Wings, Ulrich Witzel: Biology of the sauropod dinosaurs: the evolution of gigantism. In: Biological Reviews. Bd. 86, Nr. 1, 2011, ISSN 0006-3231, S. 117–155, doi:10.1111/j.1469-185X.2010.00137.x.
^ 27.027.1Upchurch, Paul; Barrett, Paul M.; Dodson, Peter. Sauropoda. The Dinosauria. Weishampel, David B., Dodson, Peter., Osmólska, Halszka. 2nd. Berkeley, Calif.: University of California Press. 2004 [2021-11-18]. ISBN 978-0-520-94143-4. OCLC 801843269. (原始内容存档于2020-06-10). (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
^Young, C. C. New Sauropods from China. Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 1958, 2 (1).
^L. P. Tatarinov. 1964. Nadotryad Dinosauria. Dinozavry [Superorder Dinosauria. Dinosaurs]. In Y. A. Orlov (ed.), Osnovy Paleontologii [Fundamentals of Paleontology] 12:523-589
^R. Steel. 1970. Part 14. Saurischia. Handbuch der Paläoherpetologie/Encyclopedia of Paleoherpetology. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart 1-87
^X. Zhao. 1983. Phylogeny and evolutionary stages of Dinosauria. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 28(1-2):295-306
^J. S. McIntosh. 1990. Species determination in sauropod dinosaurs with tentative suggestions for their classification. In K. Carpenter and P. J. Currie (eds.), Dinosaur Systematics: Perspectives and Approaches, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 53-69
^Upchurch, Paul. The evolutionary history of sauropod dinosaurs. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences. 1995, 349 (1330): 365–390. Bibcode:1995RSPTB.349..365U. doi:10.1098/rstb.1995.0125.
^J. A. Wilson. 2002. Sauropod dinosaur phylogeny: critique and cladistic analysis. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 136:217-276
^ 39.039.139.2Sekiya, T. (2011). Re-examination of Chuanjiesaurus anaensis (Dinosauria: Sauropoda) from the Middle Jurassic Chuanjie Formation, Lufeng County, Yunnan Province, southwest China." Memoir of the Fukui Prefectural Dinosaur Museum, 10: 1-54.
^Christian A., Peng G., Sekiya T., Ye Y., Wulf M.G., Steuer T., 2013, "Biomechanical Reconstructions and Selective Advantages of Neck Poses and Feeding Strategies of Sauropods with the Example of Mamenchisaurus youngi", PLoS ONE8(10): e71172. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0071172
^Daniels, C.B., and Pratt, J., 1992, "Breathing in long-necked dinosaurs: did the sauropods have bird lungs?", Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, A, 101: 43-46
^Li, K; Liu, J.; Yang, C.; Hu, F. Dinosaur assemblages from the Middle Jurassic Shaximiao Formation and Chuanjie Formation in the Sichuan-Yunnan Basin, China. Volumina Jurassica. 2011, 9 (9): 21–42.
^Choiniere JN; Clark JM; Forster CM; Norell MA; Eberth DA; Erickson GM; Chu H; Xu X. A juvenile specimen of a new coelurosaur (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Middle–Late Jurassic Shishugou Formation of Xinjiang, People's Republic of China. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 2013, online (2): 177. doi:10.1080/14772019.2013.781067.