Oxyde de rhodium(IV)

Oxyde de rhodium(IV)
Image illustrative de l’article Oxyde de rhodium(IV)
__ Rh4+     __ O2−
Maille cristalline de l'oxyde de rhodium(IV).
Identification
Nom UICPA dioxorhodium
Nom systématique Oxyde de rhodium(IV)
Synonymes

dioxyde de rhodium

No CAS 12137-27-8
No ECHA 100.032.021
No CE 235-237-0
PubChem 82936
SMILES
InChI
Apparence solide inodore[1]
Propriétés chimiques
Formule O2RhRhO2
Masse molaire[2] 134,904 3 ± 0,000 6 g/mol
O 23,72 %, Rh 76,28 %,
Propriétés physiques
Masse volumique 7,2 g/cm3[3]
Cristallographie
Système cristallin tétragonal
Classe cristalline ou groupe d’espace P42/mnm (no 136)
Paramètres de maille a = 448,9 pm,
c = 309,0 pm,
Z = 2

Unités du SI et CNTP, sauf indication contraire.

L’oxyde de rhodium(IV), ou dioxyde de rhodium, est un composé chimique de formule RhO2. Il s'agit d'un solide noir cristallisé dans le système tétragonal rutile[4] selon le groupe d'espace P42/mnm (no 136) avec les paramètres cristallins a = 448,9 pm, c = 309,0 pm et Z = 2[5]. Il en existe également un hydrate de couleur verte[3].

L'oxyde RhO2 est insoluble même dans l'eau régale chauffée[6]. Il peut être obtenu par oxydation de sulfate de rhodium(III) Rh2(SO4)3 avec par exemple de l'ozone O3 ou par électrolyse[7] :

Rh2(SO4)3 ⟶ 2 RhO2 + 3 SO2.

L'oxyde de rhodium(IV) chauffé à l'air donne de l'oxyde de rhodium(III) Rh2O3 à 850 °C puis du rhodium métallique et de l'oxygène O2 à 1 050 °C[6].

Notes et références

  1. « Fiche du composé Rhodium(IV) oxide, Rh 75.2-77.4%  », sur Alfa Aesar (consulté le ).
  2. Masse molaire calculée d’après « Atomic weights of the elements 2007 », sur www.chem.qmul.ac.uk.
  3. a et b (en) David R. Lide, « Properties of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds », CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 90e éd., Taylor & Francis, 2009, p. 4-85. (ISBN 978-1420090840)
  4. (en) R. D. Shannon, « Synthesis and properties of two new members of the rutile family RhO2 and PtO2 », Solid State Communications, vol. 6, no 3,‎ , p. 139-143 (DOI 10.1016/0038-1098(68)90019-7, Bibcode 1968SSCom...6..139S, lire en ligne).
  5. (de) Jean D'Ans et Ellen Lax, Taschenbuch für Chemiker und Physiker. 3. Elemente, anorganische Verbindungen und Materialien, Minerale, vol. 3, 4e  éd., Springer, 1997, p. 698. (ISBN 978-3-5406-0035-0)
  6. a et b (en) Olaf Muller et Rustum Roy, « Formation and stability of the platinum and rhodium oxides at high oxygen pressures and the structures of Pt3O4, β-PtO2 and RhO2 », Journal of the Less Common Metals, vol. 16, no 2,‎ , p. 129-146 (DOI 10.1016/0022-5088(68)90070-2, lire en ligne).
  7. (de) A. F. Holleman, E. Wiberg et N. Wiberg, Lehrbuch der Anorganischen Chemie, 102e  éd., Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, 2007, p. 1702. (ISBN 978-3-11-017770-1)

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