Firmicutes

Firmicutes (bahasa Latin: firmus, kuat, dan cutis, kulit, mengacu pada dinding sel) merupakan filum bakteri, yang sebagian besar memiliki struktur dinding sel Gram-positif.[1] Beberapa, bagaimanapun, seperti Megasphaera, Pectinatus, Selenomonas dan Haemophilus, memiliki pseudo-membran-luar berpori yang menyebabkan mereka untuk berwarna Gram-negatif. Para ilmuwan pernah mengklasifikasikan Firmicutes untuk mencakup semua bakteri Gram-positif, tetapi baru-baru ini didefinisikan mereka untuk menjadi sebuah kelompok inti dari bentuk terkait yang disebut kelompok rendah-G+C, berbeda dengan Actinobacteria. Mereka memiliki sel bulat, yang disebut kokus, atau bentuk seperti batang (basilus).

Filogeni

Taksonomi yang saat ini diterima berdasarkan List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) [2] dan National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)[3] dan filogeni berdasarkan 16S rRNA-based LTP release 111 oleh The All-Species Living Tree Project [4]

?Thermodesulfobiaceae

?Synergistaceae {Clostridiales Family XV Incertae Sedis}

Firmicutes s. s.

?Clostridium thermoamylolyticumKatkocin et al. 1985

Thermaerobacter

Caldicellulosiruptor

Thermoanaerobacteraceae

Thermanaeromonas toyohensis

Dictyoglomus

Thermoanaerobacterales Unnamed clade I (incl. Fervidicola)

Thermoanaerobacterales Unnamed clade II

Gelria glutamica

Clostridiales Family XVIII Incertae Sedis

Sulfobacillus

Clostridia s.s. (incl. Thermolithobacter, Negativicutes & Thermoanaerobacterales Unnamed clade III)

Bacilli (incl. Erysipelotrichia & Mollicutes)

Catatan:
♠ Galur yang ditemukan di National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) tetapi tidak terdaftar di List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature LPSN

Genera

Sementara saat ini ada lebih dari 274 genera dalam filum Firmicutes, genera Firmicutes yang terkenal mencakup:

Bacilli, ordo Bacillales

Bacilli, ordo Lactobacillales

Clostridia

Erysipelotrichi

Referensi

  1. ^ "Firmicutes" di Kamus Medis Dorland
  2. ^ J.P. Euzéby. "Firmicutes". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) [1]. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-01-27. Diakses tanggal 2013-03-20.  Hapus pranala luar di parameter |publisher= (bantuan)
  3. ^ Sayers; et al. "Firmicutes". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database [2]. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-04-11. Diakses tanggal 2013-03-20.  Hapus pranala luar di parameter |publisher= (bantuan)
  4. ^ All-Species Living Tree Project."16S rRNA-based LTP release 111 (full tree)" (PDF). Silva Comprehensive Ribosomal RNA Database [3]. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2015-09-23. Diakses tanggal 2013-03-20.  Hapus pranala luar di parameter |publisher= (bantuan)

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