Eochaid

Nama Eochaid yang muncul pada folio 29r Paris Bibliothèque Nationale Latin 4126 (naskah Poppleton): "Eochodius".[1]

Eochaid (fl. 878–889) merupakan seorang pria asal Briton pada abad ke-9 yang diduga pernah bertakhta sebagai Raja Strathclyde dan/atau Raja Pict.[note 1] Dia adalah putra Rhun ab Arthgal, Raja Strathclyde, dan keturunan raja Britania. Ibunda Eochaid tercatat sebagai putri Cináed mac Ailpín, Raja Pict. Ia berasal dari Wangsa Alpin mungkin menjelaskan catatan Eochaid yang bertakhta di kerajaan Pict setelah kematian putra Cináed, Áed, pada 878. Menurut berbagai sumber, Áed dibunuh oleh Giric, yang juga dianugerahi kerajaan setelah kematian Áed.

Lihat pula

• Máel Coluim, putra raja Cumbria, kemungkinan anggota kerabat Eochaid yang memerintah sebagai Raja Strathclyde atau Raja Alba

Catatan

1. Since the 1990s, academics have accorded Eochaid various names in English secondary sources: Eochaid,[2] and Eochod.[3] Since the 1990s, academics have accorded Eochaid various patronyms in English secondary sources: Eochaid ap Rhun,[4] and Eochaid map Rhun.[5]

Kutipan

1. Hudson, BT (1998) p. 149; Skene (1867) p. 9; Lat. 4126 (n.d.) fol. 29r.
2. Guy (2016); Broun (2015a); Broun (2015c); Broun (2015d); Evans (2015); Walker (2013); Clarkson (2012a); Clarkson (2012b); Oram (2011); Anderson, MO (2010); Clarkson (2010); Bartrum (2009); Charles-Edwards (2008); Jackson (2008); Downham (2007); Woolf (2007); Clancy (2006a); Clancy (2006b); Bhreathnach (2005); Dennison (2005); Broun (2004a); Broun (2004c); Broun (2004d); Hicks (2003); Calise (2002); Davidson (2002); Hudson, BT (2002); Bruford (2000); Woolf (2000); Hudson, BT (1998); Macquarrie (1998); Ó Corráin (1998a); Ó Corráin (1998b); Duncan (1996); Hudson, BT (1996); Hudson, BT (1994); Lynch (1991); Williams; Smyth; Kirby (1991).
3. Dumville, D (2000).
4. Clarkson (2010); Bhreathnach (2005); Calise (2002); Hudson, BT (2002); Hudson, BT (1996); Hudson, BT (1994); Hudson, BT (1990).
5. Snyder (2003); Macquarrie (1990).

Referensi

Sumber pertama

• Anderson, AO, ed. (1922). Early Sources of Scottish History, A.D. 500 to 1286. 1. London: Oliver and Boyd. OL 14712679M. 
• Anderson, AO (1930). "The Prophecy of Berchan". Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie. 18: 1–56. doi:10.1515/zcph.1930.18.1.1. eISSN 1865-889X. ISSN 0084-5302.  Parameter |s2cid= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
• "Bodleian Library MS. Rawl. B. 489". Early Manuscripts at Oxford University. Oxford Digital Library. n.d. Diakses tanggal 3 August 2017. 
• Charles-Edwards, T, ed. (2006). The Chronicle of Ireland. Translated Texts for Historians. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press. ISBN 978-0-85323-959-8. 
• "Chronicon Scotorum". Corpus of Electronic Texts (edisi ke-24 March 2010). University College Cork. 2010. Diakses tanggal 17 July 2017. 
• "Chronicon Scotorum". Corpus of Electronic Texts (edisi ke-14 May 2012). University College Cork. 2012. Diakses tanggal 17 July 2017. 
• Colganvm, I, ed. (1645). Acta Sanctorvm Veteris et Maioris Scotiæ, sev Hiberniæ Sanctorvm Insvlae. Lyon: Everardvm de VVitte. 
• "Cotton MS Tiberius B I". British Library. n.d. Diakses tanggal 4 August 2017. 
• Dobbs, ME, ed. (1930). "The Ban-Shenchus". Revue Celtique. 47: 283–339. 
• Dobbs, ME, ed. (1931). "The Ban-Shenchus". Revue Celtique. 48: 163–234. 
• Forbes, AP, ed. (1872). Kalendars of Scottish Saints. Edinburgh: Edmonston and Douglas. OL 24182431M. 
• "Fragmentary Annals of Ireland". Corpus of Electronic Texts (edisi ke-5 September 2008). University College Cork. 2008. Diakses tanggal 23 July 2017. 
• "Fragmentary Annals of Ireland". Corpus of Electronic Texts (edisi ke-21 March 2010). University College Cork. 2010. Diakses tanggal 23 July 2017. 
• Haddan, AW; Stubbs, W, ed. (1873). Councils and Ecclesiastical Documents Relating to Great Britain and Ireland. 2, pt. 1. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 
• Hudson, BT (1996). Prophecy of Berchán: Irish and Scottish High-Kings of the E2006aarly Middle Ages. Contributions to the Study of World History. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. ISBN 0-313-29567-0. ISSN 0885-9159. 
• Hudson, BT (1998). "The Scottish Chronicle". Scottish Historical Review. 77 (2): 129–161. doi:10.3366/shr.1998.77.2.129. eISSN 1750-0222. ISSN 0036-9241. JSTOR 25530832. 
• Jones, O; Williams, E; Pughe, WO, ed. (1870). The Myvyrian Archaiology of Wales. Denbigh: Thomas Gee. OL 6930827M. 
• Lat. 4126. n.d. 
• O'Keeffe, KO, ed. (2001). The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle: A Collaborative Edition. 5. Cambridge: D.S. Brewer. ISBN 0-85991-491-7. 
• Phillimore, E (1888). "The Annales Cambriæ and Old-Welsh Genealogies From Harleian MS 3859". Y Cymmrodor. 9: 141–183. 
• Skene, WF, ed. (1867). Chronicles of the Picts, Chronicles of the Scots, and Other Early Memorials of Scottish History. Edinburgh: H.M. General Register House. OL 23286818M. 
• Skene, WF, ed. (1868). The Four Ancient Books of Wales. 1. Edmonston and Douglas. OL 7042171M. 
• Stevenson, J, ed. (1835). Chronica de Mailros. Edinburgh: The Bannatyne Club. OL 13999983M. 
• Stokes, W, ed. (1895). The Martyrology of Gorman. London: Henry Bradshaw Society. OL 7158076M. 
• Swanton, M, ed. (1998) [1996]. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. New York: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-92129-5. 
• "The Annals of Ulster". Corpus of Electronic Texts (edisi ke-29 August 2008). University College Cork. 2008. Diakses tanggal 15 July 2017. 
• "The Annals of Ulster". Corpus of Electronic Texts (edisi ke-6 January 2017). University College Cork. 2017. Diakses tanggal 15 July 2017. 
• "The Irish Version of the Historia Britonum of Nennius". Corpus of Electronic Texts (edisi ke-18 July 2009). University College Cork. 2009. Diakses tanggal 7 August 2017. 
• "The Irish Version of the Historia Britonum of Nennius". Corpus of Electronic Texts (edisi ke-27 November 2015). University College Cork. 2015. Diakses tanggal 7 August 2017. 
• Thorpe, B, ed. (1861). The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. Rerum Britannicarum Medii Ævi Scriptores. 1. London: Longman, Green, Longman, and Roberts. 

Sumber kedua

• Alcock, L (1975–1976). "A Multi-Disciplinary Chronology for Alt Clut, Castle Rock, Dumbarton" (PDF). Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. 107: 103–113. eISSN 2056-743X. ISSN 0081-1564. 
• Alcock, L; Alcock, EA; Driscoll, ST (1989). "Reconnaissance Excavations on Early Historic Fortifications and Other Royal Sites in Scotland, 1974–84: 3, Excavations at Dundurn, Strathearn, Perthshire, 1976–77" (PDF). Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. 119: 189–226. eISSN 2056-743X. ISSN 0081-1564. 
• Allen, JR; Anderson, J (1903). The Early Christian Monuments of Scotland. 3. Edinburgh: Neill & Co. Limited. 
• Anderson, MO (2010) [1982]. "Dalriada and the Creation of the Kingdom of the Scots". Dalam Whitelock, D; McKitterick, R; Dumville, D. Ireland in Early Mediaeval Europe: Studies in Memory of Kathleen Hughes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 106–132. ISBN 978-0-521-23547-1. 
• Bannerman, J (1997). "The Scottish Takeover of Pictland and the Relics of Columba". The Innes Review. 48 (1): 27–44. doi:10.3366/inr.1997.48.1.27. eISSN 1745-5219. ISSN 0020-157X. 
• Bartrum, PC (2009) [1993]. A Welsh Classical Dictionary: People in History and Legend up to About A.D. 1000. The National Library of Wales. 
• Beaven, MLR (1918). "The Beginning of the Year in the Alfredian Chronicle (866–87)". English Historical Review. 33 (131): 328–342. doi:10.1093/ehr/XXXIII.CXXXI.328. eISSN 1477-4534. ISSN 0013-8266. JSTOR 551018. 
• Bhreathnach, E (2005). The Kingship and Landscape of Tara. Dublin: Four Courts Press. 
• Breeze, A (2006). "Britons in the Barony of Gilsland, Cumbria". Northern History. 43 (2): 327–332. doi:10.1179/174587006X116194. eISSN 1745-8706. ISSN 0078-172X.  Parameter |s2cid= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
• Brooks, NP (1979). "England in the Ninth Century: The Crucible of Defeat". Transactions of the Royal Historical Society. 29: 1–20. doi:10.2307/3679110. eISSN 1474-0648. ISSN 0080-4401. JSTOR 3679110. 
• Broun, D (1996). "Review of BT Hudson, Kings of Celtic Scotland". Scottish Historical Review. 75 (2): 247–249. doi:10.3366/shr.1996.75.2.247. eISSN 1750-0222. ISSN 0036-9241. JSTOR 42745571. 
• Broun, D (1997). "Dunkeld and the Origin of Scottish Identity". The Innes Review. 48 (2): 112–124. doi:10.3366/inr.1997.48.2.112. eISSN 1745-5219. ISSN 0020-157X. 
• Broun, D (2004a). "Constantine I (d. 876)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (edisi ke-online). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/6114.  berlangganan atau keanggotan Perpustakaan Umum Britania Raya diperlukan
• Broun, D (2004b). "Constantine II (d. 952)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (edisi ke-online). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/6115.  berlangganan atau keanggotan Perpustakaan Umum Britania Raya diperlukan
• Broun, D (2004c). "Giric mac Dúngal (d. c.890)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (edisi ke-online). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/11452.  berlangganan atau keanggotan Perpustakaan Umum Britania Raya diperlukan
• Broun, D (2004d). "The Welsh Identity of the Kingdom of Strathclyde c.900–c.1200". The Innes Review. 55 (2): 111–180. doi:10.3366/inr.2004.55.2.111. eISSN 1745-5219. ISSN 0020-157X. 
• Broun, D (2007). Scottish Independence and the Idea of Britain: From the Picts to Alexander III. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-2360-0. 
• Broun, D (2015a) [1997]. "Æd". Dalam Crowcroft, R; Cannon, J. The Oxford Companion to British History (edisi ke-2nd). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acref/9780199677832.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-967783-2 – via Oxford Reference. 
• Broun, D (2015b). "Britain and the Beginning of Scotland". Journal of the British Academy. 3: 107–137. doi:10.5871/jba/003.107 . 
• Broun, D (2015c) [1997]. "Eochaid". Dalam Crowcroft, R; Cannon, J. The Oxford Companion to British History (edisi ke-2nd). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acref/9780199677832.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-967783-2 – via Oxford Reference. 
• Broun, D (2015d) [1997]. "Giric, King of Picts". Dalam Crowcroft, R; Cannon, J. The Oxford Companion to British History (edisi ke-2nd). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acref/9780199677832.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-967783-2 – via Oxford Reference. 
• Bruford, A (2000). "What Happened to the Caledonians". Dalam Cowan, EJ; McDonald, RA. Alba: Celtic Scotland in the Middle Ages. East Linton: Tuckwell Press. hlm. 43–68. ISBN 1-86232-151-5. 
• Busse, PE; Koch, JT (2006). "Ailpín mac Echach". Dalam Koch, JT. Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia. 1. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. hlm. 32. ISBN 1-85109-445-8. 
• Calise, JMP (2002). Pictish Sourcebook: Documents of Medieval Legend and Dark Age History. Documentary Reference Collections. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. ISBN 0-313-32295-3. 
• Charles-Edwards, TM (2008). "Picts and Scots". The Innes Review. 59 (2): 168–188. doi:10.3366/E0020157X08000279. eISSN 1745-5219. ISSN 0020-157X.  Parameter |s2cid= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
• Charles-Edwards, TM (2013a). "Reflections on Early-Medieval Wales". Transactions of the Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion. 19: 7–23. ISSN 0959-3632. 
• Charles-Edwards, TM (2013b). Wales and the Britons, 350–1064. The History of Wales. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-821731-2. 
• "Ciric the Child Martyr". Saints in Scottish Place-Names. n.d. Diakses tanggal 23 January 2019. 
• Clancy, TO (1996). "Iona, Scotland, and the Céli De". Dalam Crawford, BE. Scotland in Dark Age Britain. St John's House Papers. Aberdeen: Scottish Cultural Press. hlm. 111–130. ISBN 1-898218-61-7. 
• Clancy, TO (2006a). "Cusantín mac Cinaeda (Constantine I of Scotland)". Dalam Koch, JT. Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia. 2. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. hlm. 523. ISBN 1-85109-445-8. 
• Clancy, TO (2006b). "Eochaid son of Rhun". Dalam Koch, JT. Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia. 2. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. hlm. 704–705. ISBN 1-85109-445-8. 
• Clancy, TO (2006c). "Ystrad Clud". Dalam Koch, JT. Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia. 5. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. hlm. 1818–1821. ISBN 1-85109-445-8. 
• Clancy, TO (2009). "The Cults of Saints Patrick and Palladius in Early Medieval Scotland". Dalam Boardman, S; Davies, JR; Williamson, E. Saints' Cults in the Celtic World. Studies in Celtic History. Woodbridge: The Boydell Press. hlm. 18–41. ISBN 978-1-84383-432-8. ISSN 0261-9865. 
• Clancy, TO (2013). "Saints in the Scottish Landscape". Proceedings of the Harvard Celtic Colloquium. 33: 1–34. ISSN 1545-0155. JSTOR 24371933. 
• Clarkson, T (2010). The Men of the North: The Britons and Southern Scotland (EPUB). Edinburgh: John Donald. ISBN 978-1-907909-02-3. 
• Clarkson, T (2012a) [2011]. The Makers of Scotland: Picts, Romans, Gaels and Vikings (EPUB). Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited. ISBN 978-1-907909-01-6. 
• Clarkson, T (2012b) [2008]. The Picts: A History (EPUB). Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited. ISBN 978-1-907909-03-0. 
• Clarkson, T (2014). Strathclyde and the Anglo-Saxons in the Viking Age (EPUB). Edinburgh: John Donald. ISBN 978-1-907909-25-2. 
• Collingwood, WG (1920). "The Giant's Thumb" (PDF). Transactions of the Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archæological Society. 20: 53–65. doi:10.5284/1032950 . 
• Costambeys, M (2004). "Ívarr (d. 873)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (edisi ke-online). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/49261.  berlangganan atau keanggotan Perpustakaan Umum Britania Raya diperlukan
• Cowan, EJ (1981). "The Scottish Chronicle in the Poppleton Manuscript". The Innes Review. 32 (1): 3–21. doi:10.3366/inr.1981.32.1.3. eISSN 1745-5219. ISSN 0020-157X. 
• Crawford, BE (1997) [1987]. Scandinavian Scotland. Scotland in the Early Middle Ages. Leicester: Leicester University Press. ISBN 0-7185-1197-2. 
• Crawford, BE (2000). "The Scandinavian Contribution to the Development of the Kingdom of Scotland". Acta Archaeologica. 71 (1): 123–134. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0390.2000.d01-10.x. eISSN 1600-0390. ISSN 0065-101X. 
• Crawford, BE (2014). "The Kingdom of Man and the Earldom of Orkney—Some Comparisons". Dalam Sigurðsson, JV; Bolton, T. Celtic-Norse Relationships in the Irish Sea in the Middle Ages, 800–1200. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures. Leiden: Brill. hlm. 65–80. ISBN 978-90-04-25512-8. ISSN 1569-1462. 
• Davidson, MR (2002). Submission and Imperium in the Early Medieval Insular World (Tesis PhD). University of Edinburgh. 
• Davies, JR (2009). "Bishop Kentigern Among the Britons". Dalam Boardman, S; Davies, JR; Williamson, E. Saints' Cults in the Celtic World. Studies in Celtic History. Woodbridge: The Boydell Press. hlm. 66–90. ISBN 978-1-84383-432-8. ISSN 0261-9865. 
• Dennison, EP (2005). "Burghs and Burgesses: A Time of Consolidation?". Dalam Oram, RD. The Reign of Alexander II, 1214–49. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures. Leiden: Brill. hlm. 253–283. ISBN 90-04-14206-1. ISSN 1569-1462. 
• Downham, C (2007). Viking Kings of Britain and Ireland: The Dynasty of Ívarr to A.D. 1014. Edinburgh: Dunedin Academic Press. ISBN 978-1-903765-89-0. 
• Downham, C (2011). "Viking Identities in Ireland: It's not all Black and White". Dalam Duffy, S. Medieval Dublin. 11. Dublin: Four Courts Press. hlm. 185–201. 
• Downham, C (2013). "Annals, Armies, and Artistry: 'The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle', 865–96". No Horns on Their Helmets? Essays on the Insular Viking-Age. Celtic, Anglo-Saxon, and Scandinavian Studies. Aberdeen: Centre for Anglo-Saxon Studies and The Centre for Celtic Studies, University of Aberdeen. hlm. 9–37. ISBN 978-0-9557720-1-6. ISSN 2051-6509. 
• Downham, C (2017). "Scottish Affairs and the Political Context of Cogadh Gaedhel re Gallaibh". Traversing the Inner Seas: Contacts and Continuity Around Western Scotland, the Hebrides and Northern Ireland. Edinburgh: Scottish Society for Northern Studies. hlm. 86–106. 
• Downham, C (2018). Medieval Ireland. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/9781139381598. ISBN 978-1-107-03131-9. LCCN 2017034607. 
• Driscoll, S (2006). "Govan". Dalam Koch, JT. Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia. 3. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. hlm. 839–841. ISBN 1-85109-445-8. 
• Driscoll, ST (1987). The Early Historical Landscape of Strathearn: The Archaeology of a Pictish Kingdom (Tesis PhD). University of Glasgow. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/661/. 
• Driscoll, ST (1998a). "Church Archaeology in Glasgow and the Kingdom of Strathclyde". The Innes Review. 49 (2): 95–114. doi:10.3366/inr.1998.49.2.95. eISSN 1745-5219. ISSN 0020-157X. 
• Driscoll, ST (1998b). "Formalising the Mechanisms of State Power: Early Scottish Lordship From the Ninth to the Thirteenth Centuries". Dalam Foster, S; Macinnes, A; MacInnes, R. Scottish Power Centres: From the Early Middle Ages to the Twentieth Century. University of Glasgow Postgraduate School of Scottish Studies. Glasgow: Cruithne Press. hlm. 32–58. ISBN 1-873448-09-0. 
• Driscoll, ST (2001a). "Dumbarton". Dalam Lynch, M. The Oxford Companion to Scottish History. Oxford Companions. Oxford: Oxford University Press. hlm. 180. ISBN 0-19-211696-7. 
• Driscoll, ST (2001). "Dundurn". Dalam Lynch, M. The Oxford Companion to Scottish History. Oxford Companions. Oxford: Oxford University Press. hlm. 185. ISBN 0-19-211696-7. 
• Driscoll, ST (2001c). "Govan". Dalam Lynch, M. The Oxford Companion to Scottish History. Oxford Companions. Oxford: Oxford University Press. hlm. 274–275. ISBN 0-19-211696-7. 
• Driscoll, ST (2003). "Govan: An Early Medieval Royal Centre on the Clyde". Dalam Breeze, DJ; Clancy, TO; Welander, R. The Stone of Destiny: Artefact and Icon. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland Monograph Series. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. hlm. 77–83. ISBN 0903903229. 
• Driscoll, ST (2014). "The Govan Stones Revealed". History Scotland. 14 (1): 36–37. ISSN 1475-5270. 
• Driscoll, ST (2015). "In Search of the Northern Britons in the Early Historic Era (AD 400–1100)". Essays on the Local History and Archaeology of West Central Scotland. Resource Assessment of Local History and Archaeology in West Central Scotland. Glasgow: Glasgow Museums. hlm. 1–15. 
• Driscoll, ST; O'Grady, O; Forsyth, K (2005). "The Govan School Revisisted: Searching for Meaning in the Early Medieval Sculpture of Strathclyde". Dalam Foster, SM; Cross, M. Able Minds and Practiced Hands: Scotland's Early Medieval Sculpture in the 21st Century. The Society for Medieval Archaeology Monograph. Milton Park, Abingdon: Routledge. hlm. 135–158. ISBN 978-1-904350-74-3. ISSN 0583-9106. 
• Dumville, D (2000). "The Chronicle of the Kings of Alba". Dalam Taylor, S. Kings, Clerics and Chronicles in Scotland, 500–1297: Essays in Honour of Marjorie Ogilvie Anderson on the Occasion of Her Ninetieth Birthday. Dublin: Four Courts Press. hlm. 73–86. ISBN 1-85182-516-9. 
• Dumville, DN (1999) [1993]. "Coroticus". Dalam Dumville, DN. Saint Patrick, A.D. 493–1993. Woodbridge: The Boydell Press. hlm. 107–115. ISBN 978-0-85115-733-7. 
• Dumville, DN (2018). "Origins of the Kingdom of the English". Dalam Naismith, R; Woodman, DA. Writing, Kingship and Power in Anglo-Saxon England. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 71–121. doi:10.1017/9781316676066.005. ISBN 978-1-107-16097-2. 
• Duncan, AAM (1996) [1975]. Scotland: The Making of the Kingdom. The Edinburgh History of Scotland. Edinburgh: Mercat Press. ISBN 0-901824-83-6. 
• Duncan, AAM (2002). The Kingship of the Scots, 842–1292: Succession and Independence. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 0-7486-1626-8. 
• Edmonds, F (2009). "Personal Names and the Cult of Patrick in Eleventh-Century Strathclyde and Northumbria". Dalam Boardman, S; Davies, JR; Williamson, E. Saints' Cults in the Celtic World. Studies in Celtic History. Woodbridge: The Boydell Press. hlm. 42–65. ISBN 978-1-84383-432-8. ISSN 0261-9865. 
• Edmonds, F (2014). "The Emergence and Transformation of Medieval Cumbria". Scottish Historical Review. 93 (2): 195–216. doi:10.3366/shr.2014.0216. eISSN 1750-0222. ISSN 0036-9241. 
• Edmonds, F (2015). "The Expansion of the Kingdom of Strathclyde". Early Medieval Europe. 23 (1): 43–66. doi:10.1111/emed.12087. eISSN 1468-0254. 
• Evans, NJ (2015). "Cultural Contacts and Ethnic Origins in Viking Age Wales and Northern Britain: The Case of Albanus, Britain's First Inhabitant and Scottish Ancestor". Journal of Medieval History. 41 (2): 131–154. doi:10.1080/03044181.2015.1030438. eISSN 1873-1279. ISSN 0304-4181.  Parameter |s2cid= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
• Ewart, G; Pringle, D; Caldwell, D; Campbell, E; Driscoll, S; Forsyth, K; Gallagher, D; Holden, T; Hunter, F; Sanderson, D; Thoms, J (2004). "Dundonald Castle Excavations, 1986–93". Scottish Archaeological Journal. 26 (1–2): i–x, 1–166. eISSN 1766-2028. ISSN 1471-5767. JSTOR 27917525. 
• Farmer, DH (2004) [1978]. The Oxford Dictionary of Saints (EPUB). Oxford Paperback Reference (edisi ke-5th). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-860949-3. 
• Fellows-Jensen, G (1991). "Scandinavians in Dumfriesshire and Galloway: The Place-Name Evidence" (PDF). Dalam Oram, RD; Stell, GP. Galloway: Land and Lordship. Edinburgh: The Scottish Society for Northern Studies. hlm. 77–95. ISBN 0-9505994-6-8. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2017-03-13. Diakses tanggal 2021-05-22. 
• Foley, A (2017). "Strathclyde". Dalam Echard, S; Rouse, R. The Encyclopedia of Medieval Literature in Britain. John Wiley & Sons. hlm. 1. doi:10.1002/9781118396957.wbemlb665. ISBN 9781118396957. 
• Forsyth, K (2005). "Origins: Scotland to 1100". Dalam Wormald, J. Scotland: A History. Oxford: Oxford University Press. hlm. 1–37. ISBN 0-19-820615-1. OL 7397531M. 
• Forte, A; Oram, RD; Pedersen, F (2005). Viking Empires. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-82992-2. 
• Foster, SM (2004). Picts, Gaels and Scots: Early Historic Scotland. London: BT Batsford. ISBN 0-7134-8874-3. 
• Fraser, JE (2009). From Caledonia to Pictland, Scotland to 795. The New Edinburgh History of Scotland. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-1231-4. 
• Fraser, JE (2012). "Warfare in Northern Britain, c. 500–1093". Dalam Spiers, EM; Crang, JA; Strickland, MJ. A Military History of Scotland. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. hlm. 65–93. ISBN 978-0-7486-3204-6. 
• Gigov, J (2011). Contextualizing the Vikings in Anglo-Saxon History and Literature (Tesis MA). Charles University. https://is.cuni.cz/webapps/zzp/detail/109066/?lang=en. 
• Guy, B (2016). "The Textual History of the Harleian Genealogies". The Welsh History Review. 28 (1): 1–25. doi:10.16922/whr.28.1.1. eISSN 0083-792X. ISSN 0043-2431. 
• Grant, A (2000). "The Province of Ross and the Kingdom of Alba". Dalam Cowan, EJ; McDonald, RA. Alba: Celtic Scotland in the Middle Ages. East Linton: Tuckwell Press. hlm. 88–126. ISBN 1-86232-151-5. 
• Hadley, D (2009). "Viking Raids and Conquest". Dalam Stafford, P. A Companion to the Early Middle Ages: Britain and Ireland, c.500–c.1100. Blackwell Companions to British History. Chichester: Blackwell Publishing. hlm. 195–211. ISBN 978-1-405-10628-3. 
• Herbert, M (2000). "Rí Éirenn, Rí Alban, Kingship and Identity in the Ninth and Tenth Centuries" (PDF). Dalam Taylor, S. Kings, Clerics and Chronicles in Scotland, 500–1297: Essays in Honour of Marjorie Ogilvie Anderson on the Occasion of Her Ninetieth Birthday. Dublin: Four Courts Press. hlm. 62–72. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2017-09-25. Diakses tanggal 2021-05-22. 
• Hicks, DA (2003). Language, History and Onomastics in Medieval Cumbria: An Analysis of the Generative Usage of the Cumbric Habitative Generics Cair and Tref (Tesis PhD). University of Edinburgh. 
• Holm, P (1986). "The Slave Trade of Dublin, Ninth to Twelfth Centuries". Peritia. 5: 317–345. doi:10.1484/J.Peri.3.139. eISSN 2034-6506. ISSN 0332-1592. 
• Hudson, B (2014). The Picts. The Peoples of Europe. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-4051-8678-0. 
• Hudson, BT (1990). "From Senchus to Histore: Traditions of King Duncan I". Studies in Scottish Literature. 25 (1): 100–120. ISSN 0039-3770. 
• Hudson, BT (1994). Kings of Celtic Scotland. Contributions to the Study of World History. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. ISBN 0-313-29087-3. ISSN 0885-9159 – via Questia. 
• Hudson, BT (2002). "The Scottish Gaze". Dalam McDonald, RA. History, Literature, and Music in Scotland, 700–1560. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. hlm. 29–59. ISBN 0-8020-3601-5. OL 3623178M. 
• Hudson, BT (2004a). "Niall mac Áeda [Niall Caille] (d. 846)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (edisi ke-online). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/20076.  berlangganan atau keanggotan Perpustakaan Umum Britania Raya diperlukan
• Hudson, BT (2004b). "Niall mac Áeda [Niall Glúndub] (c.869–919)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (edisi ke-online). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/20077.  berlangganan atau keanggotan Perpustakaan Umum Britania Raya diperlukan
• Hudson, BT (October 2006). "Muirchertach mac Néill (d. 943)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (edisi ke-online). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/19502. Pemeliharaan CS1: Tanggal dan tahun (link) berlangganan atau keanggotan Perpustakaan Umum Britania Raya diperlukan
• "Inverdovat". Fife Place-Name Data. University of Glasgow. n.d. Diakses tanggal 28 July 2017. 
• Jackson, K, ed. (2008) [1972]. The Osborn Bergin Memorial Lecture, 1970: The Gaelic Notes in the Book of Deer. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-08264-8. 
• James, AG (2009). "Review of P Cavill; G Broderick, Language Contact in the Place-Names of Britain and Ireland" (PDF). The Journal of Scottish Name Studies. 3: 135–158. ISSN 2054-9385. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2021-07-10. Diakses tanggal 2021-05-22. 
• James, AG (2011). "Dating Brittonic Place-Names in Southern Scotland and Cumbria" (PDF). The Journal of Scottish Name Studies. 5: 57–114. ISSN 2054-9385. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2021-05-22. Diakses tanggal 2021-05-22. 
• James, AG (2013). "P-Celtic in Southern Scotland and Cumbria: A Review of the Place-Name Evidence for Possible Pictish Phonology" (PDF). The Journal of Scottish Name Studies. 7: 29–78. ISSN 2054-9385. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2021-02-26. Diakses tanggal 2021-05-22. 
• Jorgensen, T (2017). The Scandinavian Trade Network in the Early Viking Age: Kaupang and Dublin in Context (Tesis MA). University of Oslo. 
• Kelly, E; Maas, J (1999). "The Vikings and the Kingdom of Laois". Dalam Lane, PG; Nolan, W. Laois, History & Society: Interdisciplinary Essays on the History of an Irish County. Dublin: Geography Publications. hlm. 123–159. ISBN 0-906602-46-7. 
• Keppie, L; Newall, F; Alldrit, DM; Dickinson, B; Fitzpatrick, AP; Gallagher, DB; MacKie, EW; Robertson, AS; Webster, PV; Young, A (1996). "Excavations at the Roman Fort of Barochan Hill, Renfrewshire, 1972 and 1984–1986". Glasgow Archaeological Journal. 20 (20): 41–76. doi:10.3366/gas.1996.20.20.41. eISSN 2053-7824. ISSN 0305-8980. 
• Koch, JT (2006a). "Alba, the Name, Derivation and Usage". Dalam Koch, JT. Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia. 1. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. hlm. 37. ISBN 1-85109-445-8. 
• Koch, JT (2006b). "Domnall Brecc". Dalam Koch, JT. Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia. 2. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. hlm. 604. ISBN 1-85109-445-8. 
• Koch, JT (2006c). "Dyfnwal ap Tewdor". Dalam Koch, JT. Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia. 2. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. hlm. 639–640. ISBN 1-85109-445-8. 
• Koch, JT (2006d). "Eochaid Buide". Dalam Koch, JT. Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia. 2. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. hlm. 704. ISBN 1-85109-445-8. 
• Koch, JT; Minard, A (2006). "Cumbric". Dalam Koch, JT. Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia. 2. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. hlm. 515–516. ISBN 1-85109-445-8. 
• Konstam, A (2010). Strongholds of the Picts: The Fortifications of Dark Age Scotland. Botley: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84603-686-6. 
• Laing, L (2000). "The Chronology and Context of Pictish Relief Sculpture". Medieval Archaeology. 44 (1): 81–114. doi:10.1179/med.2000.44.1.81. eISSN 0076-6097. ISSN 1745-817X.  Parameter |s2cid= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
• Lewis, SM (2016). "Vikings on the Ribble: Their Origin and Longphuirt". Northern History. 53 (1): 8–25. doi:10.1080/0078172X.2016.1127570. eISSN 1745-8706. ISSN 0078-172X.  Parameter |s2cid= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
• Lynch, M (1991). Scotland: A New History. London: Century. ISBN 0-7126-3413-4. OL 27924222M. 
• Lynch, M, ed. (2001). "Genealogies". The Oxford Companion to Scottish History. Oxford Companions. Oxford: Oxford University Press. hlm. 677–683. ISBN 0-19-211696-7. 
• Macquarrie, A (1986). "The Career of Saint Kentigern of Glasgow: Vitae, Lectiones and Glimpses of Fact". The Innes Review. 37 (1): 3–24. doi:10.3366/inr.1986.37.1.3. eISSN 1745-5219. ISSN 0020-157X. 
• Macquarrie, A (1990). "Early Christian Govan: The Historical Context". Records of the Scottish Church History Society. 24 (1): 1–17. eISSN 2516-6301. ISSN 2516-6298. 
• Macquarrie, A (1998) [1993]. "The Kings of Strathclyde, c. 400–1018". Dalam Grant, A; Stringer, KJ. Medieval Scotland: Crown, Lordship and Community. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. hlm. 1–19. ISBN 0-7486-1110-X. 
• McCarthy, D; Breen, A (1997). "Astronomical Observations in the Irish Annals and Their Motivation". Peritia. 11: 1–43. doi:10.1484/J.Peri.3.278. eISSN 2034-6506. ISSN 0332-1592. 
• McLeod, S (2015). "The Dubh Gall in Southern Scotland: The Politics of Northumbria, Dublin, and the Community of St Cuthbert in the Viking Age, c. 870–950 CE". Limina: A Journal of Historical and Cultural Studies. 20 (3): 83–103. ISSN 1833-3419. 
• McLeod, SH (2011). Migration and Acculturation: The Impact of the Norse on Eastern England, c. 865–900 (Tesis PhD). University of Western Australia. http://research-repository.uwa.edu.au/en/publications/migration-and-acculturation-the-impact-of-the-norse-on-eastern-england-c-865900(8c7090bf-6e81-41c3-a4c1-e4eaa7e9c32d).html. 
• McTurk, RW (1976). "Ragnarr Loðbrók in the Irish Annals?". Dalam Almqvist, B; Greene, D. Proceedings of the Seventh Viking Congress: Dublin 15–21 August 1973. Viking Society for Northern Research. hlm. 93–123. 
• Millar, RM (2009). "Review of OJ Padel; DN Parsons, A Commodity of Good Names: Essays in Honour of Margaret Gelling, Donington" (PDF). The Journal of Scottish Name Studies. 3: 162–166. ISSN 2054-9385. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2021-07-10. Diakses tanggal 2021-05-22. 
• Oram, RD (2008). "Royal and Lordly Residence in Scotland c 1050 to c 1250: An Historiographical Review and Critical Revision". The Antiquaries Journal. 88: 165–189. doi:10.1017/S0003581500001372. eISSN 1758-5309. hdl:1893/2122 . ISSN 0003-5815.  Parameter |s2cid= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
• Oram, RD (2011) [2001]. The Kings & Queens of Scotland. Brimscombe Port: The History Press. ISBN 978-0-7524-7099-3. 
• Ó Corráin, D (1979). "High-Kings, Vikings and Other Kings". Irish Historical Studies. 21 (83): 283–323. doi:10.1017/S002112140011315X. eISSN 2056-4139. ISSN 0021-1214. JSTOR 30008285. 
• Ó Corráin, D (1998a). "The Vikings in Scotland and Ireland in the Ninth Century". Chronicon: An Electric History Journal. 2. ISSN 1393-5259. 
• Ó Corráin, D (1998b). "The Vikings in Scotland and Ireland in the Ninth Century". Peritia. 12: 296–339. doi:10.1484/j.peri.3.334. eISSN 2034-6506. ISSN 0332-1592. 
• Ó Corráin, D (2008). "The Vikings and Ireland". Dalam Brink, S; Price, N. The Viking World. Routledge Worlds. Milton Park, Abingdon: Routledge. hlm. 428–433. ISBN 978-0-203-41277-0. 
• Ó Corráin, D; Maguire, F (1981). Gaelic Personal Names. Dublin: Academy Press. ISBN 0-906187-39-7. 
• Ó Murchadha, D (1992–1993). "Nationality Names in the Irish Annals" (PDF). Nomina. 16: 49–70. ISSN 0141-6340. 
• Parsons, DN (2011). "On the Origin of 'Hiberno-Norse Inversion-Compounds'" (PDF). The Journal of Scottish Name Studies. 5: 115–152. ISSN 2054-9385. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2021-05-22. Diakses tanggal 2021-05-22. 
• Pelteret, D (1980). "Slave Raiding and Slave Trading in Early England". Anglo-Saxon England. 9: 99–114. doi:10.1017/S0263675100001125. eISSN 1474-0532. ISSN 0263-6751. 
• Renwick, R; Lindsay, J (1921). History of Glasgow. 1. Glasgow: Maclehose, Jackson & Co. OL 7092809M. 
• Sawyer, P (2001) [1997]. "The Age of the Vikings and Before". Dalam Sawyer, P. The Oxford Illustrated History of the Vikings. Oxford: Oxford University Press. hlm. 1–18. ISBN 0-19-285434-8. 
• Schrijver, P (1995). Studies in British Celtic Historical Phonology. Leiden Studies in Indo-European. Amsterdam: Rodopi. ISBN 90-5183-820-4. 
• Sheehan, J (2008). "The Longphort in Viking Age Ireland". Acta Archaeologica. 79 (1): 282–295. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0390.2008.00120.x. eISSN 1600-0390. ISSN 0065-101X. 
• Skene, WF (1886). Celtic Scotland: A History of Ancient Alban. 1 (edisi ke-2nd). Edinburgh: David Douglas. OL 23285305M. 
• Smyth, AP (1989) [1984]. Warlords and Holy Men: Scotland, AD 80–1000. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 0-7486-0100-7. 
• Snyder, CA (2003). The Britons. The Peoples of Europe. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 0-631-22260-X. OL 3555469M. 
• Stenton, F (1963). Anglo-Saxon England. The Oxford History of England (edisi ke-2nd). Oxford: The Clarendon Press. OL 24592559M. 
• Taylor, S (1998). "Place-Names and the Early Church in Scotland". Records of the Scottish Church History Society. 28: 1–22. eISSN 2516-6301. ISSN 2516-6298. 
• Terrell, KH (2011). "'Lynealy discendit of þe devill': Genealogy, Textuality, and Anglophobia in Medieval Scottish Chronicles". Studies in Philology. 108 (3): 320–344. doi:10.1353/sip.2011.0013. eISSN 1543-0383. ISSN 0039-3738. JSTOR 23055995.  Parameter |s2cid= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
• Thurston, HJ; Attwater, D, ed. (1990). Butler's Lives of the Saints. 2. Westminster, MD: Christian Classics. ISBN 0-87061-0457. 
• Todd, JM (2005). "British (Cumbric) Place-Names in the Barony of Gilsland, Cumbria" (PDF). Transactions of the Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archaeological Society. 5: 89–102. doi:10.5284/1032950 . 
• Valante, MA (1998–1999). "Taxation, Tolls and Tribute: The Language of Economics and Trade in Viking-Age Ireland". Proceedings of the Harvard Celtic Colloquium. 18–19: 242–258. ISSN 1545-0155. JSTOR 20557344. 
• Veitch, K (1998). "The Alliance Between Church and State in Early Medieval Alba". Albion. 30 (2): 193–220. doi:10.2307/4053521. ISSN 0095-1390. JSTOR 4053521. 
• Wadden, P (2016). "Dál Riata c. 1000: Genealogies and Irish Sea Politics". Scottish Historical Review. 95 (2): 164–181. doi:10.3366/shr.2016.0294. eISSN 1750-0222. ISSN 0036-9241. 
• Walker, IW (2013) [2006]. Lords of Alba: The Making of Scotland (EPUB). Brimscombe Port: The History Press. ISBN 978-0-7524-9519-4. 
• Watson, A (2002). Place-Names, Land and Lordship in the Medieval Earldom of Strathearn (Tesis PhD). University of St Andrews. 
• Williams, A; Smyth, AP; Kirby, DP (1991). A Biographical Dictionary of Dark Age Britain: England, Scotland and Wales, c.500–c.1050. London: Seaby. ISBN 1-85264-047-2. 
• Woolf, A (1998). "Pictish Matriliny Reconsidered". The Innes Review. 49 (2): 147–167. doi:10.3366/inr.1998.49.2.147. eISSN 1745-5219. ISSN 0020-157X. 
• Woolf, A (2000). "The 'Moray Question' and the Kingship of Alba in the Tenth and Eleventh Centuries". Scottish Historical Review. 79 (2): 145–164. doi:10.3366/shr.2000.79.2.145. eISSN 1750-0222. ISSN 0036-9241. 
• Woolf, A (2001). "Anglo-Scottish Relations: 1. 900–1100". Dalam Lynch, M. The Oxford Companion to Scottish History. Oxford Companions. Oxford: Oxford University Press. hlm. 8–10. ISBN 0-19-211696-7. 
• Woolf, A (2002). "Amlaíb Cuarán and the Gael, 941–81". Dalam Duffy, S. Medieval Dublin. 3. Dublin: Four Courts Press. hlm. 34–43. 
• Woolf, A (2007). From Pictland to Alba, 789–1070. The New Edinburgh History of Scotland. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-1233-8. 
• Woolf, A (2009). "Scotland". Dalam Stafford, P. A Companion to the Early Middle Ages: Britain and Ireland, c.500–c.1100. Blackwell Companions to British History. Chichester: Blackwell Publishing. hlm. 251–267. ISBN 978-1-405-10628-3. 
• Woolf, A (2010). "Reporting Scotland in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle". Dalam Jorgensen, A. Reading the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle: Language, Literature, History. Studies in the Early Middle Ages. 23. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers. hlm. 221–239. doi:10.1484/M.SEM-EB.3.4457. ISBN 978-2-503-52394-1. 
• Wormald, P (1996). "Emergence of the Regnum Scottorum: A Carolingian Hegemony?". Dalam Crawford, BE. Scotland in Dark Age Britain. St John's House Papers. Aberdeen: Scottish Cultural Press. hlm. 131–158. ISBN 1-898218-61-7. 
• Yorke, B (2009). "Britain and Ireland, c.500". Dalam Stafford, P. A Companion to the Early Middle Ages: Britain and Ireland, c.500–c.1100. Blackwell Companions to British History. Chichester: Blackwell Publishing. hlm. 41–56. ISBN 978-1-405-10628-3.