Cetacea

Cetacea[1]
Rentang waktu: Eosen awal - sekarang 55–0 jtyl
Searah jarum jam dari atas: paus sperma (Physeter macrocephalus), lumba-lumba sungai Amazon (Inia geoffrensis), paus paruh Blainville (Mesoplodon densirostris), paus sikat selatan (Eubalaena australis), narwhal (Monodon monoceros), paus bungkuk (Megaptera novaeangliae), orca (Orcinus orca), paus abu-abu (Eschrichtius robustus) dan pesut pelabuhan (Phocoena phocoena).
Klasifikasi ilmiah Sunting klasifikasi ini
Domain: Eukaryota
Kerajaan: Animalia
Filum: Chordata
Kelas: Mammalia
Ordo: Artiodactyla
Klad: Cetaceamorpha
Infraordo: Cetacea
Brisson, 1762
Parvordo

Mysticeti
Odontoceti
Archaeoceti (punah)

Diversitas
Sekitar 88 spesies
Pengamatan

Ordo Cetacea (L. cetus, paus) termasuk paus, lumba-lumba dan pesut.[2] Cetus adalah bahasa Latin dan digunakan dalam penamaan biologi yang berarti "paus"; pengertian awalnya, "binatang laut besar", lebih umum. Kata Cetacea berasal dari Yunani Kuno κῆτος (kētos), “paus" atau "ikan atau monster laut besar". Cetologi adalah cabang ilmu pengetahuan kelautan yang mempelajari ilmu mengenai Cetacea.

Ordo ini terdiri dari lebih dari 80 spesies. Anggota-anggotanya beradaptasi dengan kehidupan air, dengan tubuh fusiform. Cetacea berevolusi dari ungulata darat berkuku genap (yang menjelaskan penempatannya di ordo Artiodactyla), dengan bagian kaki depan berevolusi menjadi sirip, sementara kaki belakang mengecil menjadi organ vestigial. Semua jenis cetacea memiliki lapisan lemak yang tebal dibawah kulitnya.

Taksonomi

Kladogram hubungan antara Cetacea yang masih ada maupun yang sudah punah[3]:
 
 Cetacea 
 Odontoceti 
 Delphinoidea 
 Monodontidae 

 Paus beluga & Narwhal

 Phocoenidae 

 Porpois

 Delphinidae 

 

(Lumba‑lumba sejati)
 Inioidea 

 Iniidae

 Pontoporiidae

 Lipotidae 

Baiji & kerabatnya

 Ziphiidae 

 

 Platanistidae 

 

 Kogiidae 

 Paus sperma kerdil & kerabatnya

 Physeteridae 

 Paus sperma & kerabatnya

(Paus bergigi)
 Mysticeti 
 Balaenopteridae 

 

 Eschrichtiidae 

 Paus kelabu & kerabatnya

 Neobalaenidae 

 

 Balaenidae 

 

 Janjucetus (punah)

(Paus balin, 25 mya)

 Basilosaurus (punah)

 Dorudon (punah)

 Rodhocetus (punah)

 Remingtonocetidae (punah)

 Ambulocetidae (punah)

 Pakicetidae (punah)

 Raoellidae (punah)

{{{1}}}

Referensi

  1. ^ Mead, James G.; Brownell, Robert L., Jr. (16 November 2005). "Order Cetacea (pp. 723-743)". Dalam Wilson, Don E., and Reeder, DeeAnn M., eds. [http://google.com/books?id=JgAMbNSt8ikC&pg=PA723 Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference] (edisi ke-3rd). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2 vols. (2142 pp.). ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.  Hapus pranala luar di parameter |title= (bantuan)
  2. ^ Parker, Sybil, P (1984). McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Biology. McGraw-Hill Company. 
  3. ^ Gatesy, John; Geisler, Jonathan H.; Chang, Joseph; Buell, Carl; Berta, Annalisa; Meredith, Robert W.; Springer, Mark S.; McGowen, Michael R. (2012). "A phylogenetic blueprint for a modern whale" (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 66 (2): 479–506. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2012.10.012. PMID 23103570. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2013-02-27. Diakses tanggal 4 September 2015. 

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