EMR1

ADGRE1
Identifiers
Aliases	ADGRE1, TM7LN3, EMR1, adhesion G protein-coupled receptor E1
External IDs	OMIM: 600493; MGI: 106912; HomoloGene: 1493; GeneCards: ADGRE1; OMA:ADGRE1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 19 (human)
End	6,940,459 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 17 (mouse)
End	57,790,527 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	monocyte; ; blood; ; granulocyte; ; testicle; ; spleen; ; bone marrow; ; appendix; ; right lung; ; bone marrow cells; ; palpebral conjunctiva;
	Top expressed in
	stroma of bone marrow; ; muscle layer of urethra; ; calvaria; ; granulocyte; ; mesenteric lymph nodes; ; lamina propria of urethra; ; spleen; ; right ventricle; ; tibiofemoral joint; ; ankle joint;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	calcium ion binding; G protein-coupled receptor activity; transmembrane signaling receptor activity; signal transducer activity;
Cellular component	integral component of membrane; plasma membrane; integral component of plasma membrane; membrane; external side of plasma membrane; cell periphery; intracellular anatomical structure;
Biological process	G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; cell surface receptor signaling pathway; cell adhesion; adaptive immune response; signal transduction; immune system process; adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	2015
	13733
	ENSG00000174837
	ENSMUSG00000004730
	Q14246
	Q61549
	NM_001256252; NM_001256253; NM_001256254; NM_001256255; NM_001974
	NM_010130; NM_001355722; NM_001355723
	NP_001243181; NP_001243182; NP_001243183; NP_001243184; NP_001965
	NP_034260; NP_001342651; NP_001342652
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

EGF-like module-containing mucin-like hormone receptor-like 1 also known as F4/80 is a protein encoded by the ADGRE1 gene.^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9] EMR1 is a member of the adhesion GPCR family.^[10]^[11] Adhesion GPCRs are characterized by an extended extracellular region often possessing N-terminal protein modules that is linked to a TM7 region via a domain known as the GPCR-Autoproteolysis INducing (GAIN) domain.^[12]

EMR1 expression in human is restricted to eosinophils and is a specific marker for these cells.^[13] The murine homolog of EMR1, F4/80, is a well-known and widely used marker of murine macrophage populations.^[14] The N-terminal fragment (NTF) of EMR1 contains 4-6 Epidermal Growth Factor-like (EGF-like) domains in human and 4-7 EGF-like domains in the mouse.^[15]

Function

Utilizing F4/80 knockout mice, Lin et al. showed that F4/80 is not necessary for the development of tissue macrophages but is required for the induction of efferent CD8⁺ regulatory T cells needed for peripheral tolerance.^[16]

Clinical significance

Legrand et al. demonstrated that EMR1 can serve as a therapeutic target for depletion of these cells in eosinophilic disorders by using afucosylated antibodies.^[17]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000174837 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000004730 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Baud V, Chissoe SL, Viegas-Péquignot E, Diriong S, N'Guyen VC, Roe BA, Lipinski M (March 1995). "EMR1, an unusual member in the family of hormone receptors with seven transmembrane segments". Genomics. 26 (2): 334–44. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(95)80218-B. PMID 7601460.
^ McKnight AJ, Gordon S (March 1998). "The EGF-TM7 family: unusual structures at the leukocyte surface". Journal of Leukocyte Biology. 63 (3): 271–80. doi:10.1002/jlb.63.3.271. PMID 9500513. S2CID 6497890.
^ "Entrez Gene: EMR1 egf-like module containing, mucin-like, hormone receptor-like 1".
^ Leenen PJ, de Bruijn MF, Voerman JS, Campbell PA, van Ewijk W (September 1994). "Markers of mouse macrophage development detected by monoclonal antibodies". Journal of Immunological Methods. 174 (1–2): 5–19. doi:10.1016/0022-1759(94)90005-1. hdl:1765/71089. PMID 8083537.
^ Hamann, J; Aust, G; Araç, D; Engel, FB; Formstone, C; Fredriksson, R; Hall, RA; Harty, BL; Kirchhoff, C; Knapp, B; Krishnan, A; Liebscher, I; Lin, HH; Martinelli, DC; Monk, KR; Peeters, MC; Piao, X; Prömel, S; Schöneberg, T; Schwartz, TW; Singer, K; Stacey, M; Ushkaryov, YA; Vallon, M; Wolfrum, U; Wright, MW; Xu, L; Langenhan, T; Schiöth, HB (April 2015). "International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. XCIV. Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors". Pharmacological Reviews. 67 (2): 338–67. doi:10.1124/pr.114.009647. PMC 4394687. PMID 25713288.
^ Stacey M, Yona S (2011). Adhesion-GPCRs: Structure to Function (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology). Berlin: Springer. ISBN 978-1-4419-7912-4.
^ Langenhan, T; Aust, G; Hamann, J (21 May 2013). "Sticky signaling--adhesion class G protein-coupled receptors take the stage". Science Signaling. 6 (276): re3. doi:10.1126/scisignal.2003825. PMID 23695165. S2CID 6958640.
^ Araç D, Boucard AA, Bolliger MF, Nguyen J, Soltis SM, Südhof TC, Brunger AT (March 2012). "A novel evolutionarily conserved domain of cell-adhesion GPCRs mediates autoproteolysis". The EMBO Journal. 31 (6): 1364–78. doi:10.1038/emboj.2012.26. PMC 3321182. PMID 22333914.
^ Hamann J, Koning N, Pouwels W, Ulfman LH, van Eijk M, Stacey M, Lin HH, Gordon S, Kwakkenbos MJ (October 2007). "EMR1, the human homolog of F4/80, is an eosinophil-specific receptor". European Journal of Immunology. 37 (10): 2797–802. doi:10.1002/eji.200737553. PMID 17823986.
^ Austyn JM, Gordon S (October 1981). "F4/80, a monoclonal antibody directed specifically against the mouse macrophage". European Journal of Immunology. 11 (10): 805–15. doi:10.1002/eji.1830111013. PMID 7308288. S2CID 8426640.
^ Gordon S, Hamann J, Lin HH, Stacey M (September 2011). "F4/80 and the related adhesion-GPCRs". European Journal of Immunology. 41 (9): 2472–6. doi:10.1002/eji.201141715. PMID 21952799.
^ Lin HH, Faunce DE, Stacey M, Terajewicz A, Nakamura T, Zhang-Hoover J, Kerley M, Mucenski ML, Gordon S, Stein-Streilein J (May 2005). "The macrophage F4/80 receptor is required for the induction of antigen-specific efferent regulatory T cells in peripheral tolerance". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 201 (10): 1615–25. doi:10.1084/jem.20042307. PMC 2212925. PMID 15883173.
^ Legrand F, Tomasevic N, Simakova O, Lee CC, Wang Z, Raffeld M, Makiya MA, Palath V, Leung J, Baer M, Yarranton G, Maric I, Bebbington C, Klion AD (May 2014). "The eosinophil surface receptor epidermal growth factor-like module containing mucin-like hormone receptor 1 (EMR1): a novel therapeutic target for eosinophilic disorders". The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 133 (5): 1439–47, 1447.e1–8. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2013.11.041. PMC 4113341. PMID 24530099.