ন'বেল বঁটা বছৰি প্ৰদান কৰা এটা অতি সন্মানীয় পুৰস্কাৰ। স্কাণ্ডিনেভিয়ান সমিতিয়ে এই বঁটা কলা আৰু বিজ্ঞানৰ কেইটামান শাখাত আগবঢ়োৱা অতি বিশেষ অৱদানৰ বাবে প্ৰদান কৰে। ডাইনামাইটৰ আৱিষ্কাৰক ছুইডেনৰ আলফ্ৰেড ন'বেল-ৰ ইচ্ছাপত্ৰ অনুসৰি ১৮৯৫ চনত এই বঁটা স্থাপন কৰা হয়। ১৯০১ চনত প্ৰথমে এই বঁটা প্ৰদান কৰা হৈছিল। সাহিত্যৰ বাবে ন'বেল লাভ কৰা ব্যক্তিৰ তালিকা ইয়াত ৰখা হৈছে।
The Nobel Prize in Literature (Swedish: Nobelpriset i litteratur) is awarded annually by the Swedish Academy to authors for outstanding contributions in the field of literature. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel, which are awarded for outstanding contributions in chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine.[1] As dictated by Nobel's will, the award is administered by the Nobel Foundation and awarded by a committee that consists of five members elected by the Swedish Academy.[2] The first Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded in 1901 to Sully Prudhomme of France. Each recipient receives a medal, a diploma and a monetary award prize that has varied throughout the years.[3] In 1901, Prudhomme received 150,782 SEK, which is equivalent to 7,731,004 SEK in December 2007. In 2012, the prize was awarded to Mo Yan of China.[4] The award is presented in Stockholm at an annual ceremony on December 10, the anniversary of Nobel's death.[5]
As of 2012, the Nobel Prize in Literature has been awarded to 109 individuals.[6] When he received the award in 1958, Russian-born Boris Pasternak was forced to decline it under pressure from the government of the Soviet Union. In 1964, Jean-Paul Sartre refused to accept the Nobel Prize in Literature, as he had consistently refused all official honors in the past.[7] Twelve women have won the Nobel Prize in Literature, more than any other Nobel Prize with the exception of the Nobel Peace Prize.[8] Among all the years the Nobel Prize in Literature has been awarded, there have been only four instances in which the award was given to two individuals (1904, 1917, 1966, 1974). There have been seven years in which the Nobel Prize in Literature was not awarded (1914, 1918, 1935, 1940–1943).[6]
"because of his profoundly sensitive, fresh and beautiful verse, by which, with consummate skill, he has made his poetic thought, expressed in his own English words, a part of the literature of the West"[9]
"for his novels and short stories, in which the fantastic and the realistic are combined in a richly composed world of imagination, reflecting a continent's life and conflicts"[10]
"for her musical flow of voices and counter-voices in novels and plays that with extraordinary linguistic zeal reveal the absurdity of society's clichés and their subjugating power"[15]
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