閩南語連讀變調

閩南語連讀變調
漢字 連讀變調
白話字 liân-tho̍k piàn-tiāu

連讀變調(continuous tone sandhi)是閩南語變調規則,即單一漢字聲調會因為與其他漢字組合成而改變其聲調;也就是說,語句中所使用的聲調並非漢字本調的現象。連讀變調對閩南語而言是必須遵守的規則。[1][2]

變調常則

一般而言,除了最後一個漢字之外,詞中的每一個漢字都須變調。

臺灣閩南語為例:

(本表僅概略示之,閩南語中的變調各異,且經常出現本調以外的調值。)

聲調 變調規則 例子 拼音表記 實際變調讀音
調名 代碼
陰平 1 1→7 sim-kuann sīm kuann
陰上 2 2→1 sió-tī sio
2→5 sió-tī siô
陰去 3 3→2 sè-kài kài
陰入 4 -p 4→8 ap-li̍k a̍p li̍k
-t 4→8 tshut-miâ tshu̍t miâ
-k 4→8 ak-tshiú a̍k tshiú
-h 4→2 bah-tsàng tsàng
陽平 5 5→7 lâi-óng lāi óng
5→3 lâi-óng lài óng
陽上 6 同陽去
陽去 7 7→3 guā-kháu guà kháu
陽入 8 -p 8→4 ha̍p-tsok hap tsok
-t 8→4 bu̍t-siu but siu
-k 8→4 bo̍k-kue bok kue
-h 8→3 jua̍h-thinn juà thinn

註:

臺灣話如鹿港腔仍保留陽上,其本調同陰平33(泉府腔陽上讀22),變調近同陰去11。漳州話、同安話、臺灣話優勢腔等陽上、去混同,非陰、陽上混同,與部份古濁上聲字讀陰上,屬於不同層次。

鹿港腔陰平不變調,入聲喉塞韻尾-h變調後部份保留。[3]

不變調情況

連讀變調

參考資料

  1. ^ 音讀說明-臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典. [2017-02-24]. (原始内容存档于2020-12-02). 
  2. ^ 閩南語連讀變調域的劃分 (PDF). [2017-02-24]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-03-11). 
  3. ^ 臺灣省彰化縣鹿港方言音韻研究__臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統. ndltd.ncl.edu.tw. [2024-07-07]. 

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