Conjecture de Cramér

En mathématiques, la conjecture de Cramér, formulée par le mathématicien suédois Harald Cramér en 1936[1], pronostique l'asymptotique suivante pour l'écart entre nombres premiers :

gn est le n-ième écart, pn est le n-ième nombre premier et désigne le symbole de Bachmann-Landau ; cette conjecture n'est pas démontrée à ce jour.

Énoncés liés

Cramér avait auparavant, en 1920[2], démontré un énoncé plus faible :

sous l'hypothèse de Riemann (qui elle-même n'est pas démontrée non plus).

Andrew Granville[2] a affiné la conjecture initiale de Cramér en proposant la constante

comme limite supérieure de la suite

.

Des calculs poussés indiquent que cette estimation est plausible[3].

Dans l'autre direction, on sait[4] que

.

Notes et références

(en) Cet article est partiellement ou en totalité issu de l’article de Wikipédia en anglais intitulé « Cramér's conjecture » (voir la liste des auteurs).
  1. (en) H. Cramér, « On the order of magnitude of the difference between consecutive prime numbers », Acta Arithmetica, vol. 2,‎ , p. 23–46.
  2. a et b (en) A. Granville, « Harald Cramér and the distribution of prime numbers », Scandinavian Actuarial Journal, vol. 1,‎ , p. 12–28 (lire en ligne).
  3. (en) Thomas R. Nicely, « New maximal prime gaps and first occurrences », Mathematics of Computation, vol. 68, no 227,‎ , p. 1311–1315 (DOI 10.1090/S0025-5718-99-01065-0).
  4. (de) E. Westzynthius, « Über die Verteilung der Zahlen die zu den n ersten Primzahlen teilerfremd sind », Commentationes Physico-Mathematicae Helsingfors, vol. 5,‎ , p. 1–37.

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