The MCD is headed by the Culture Minister, a Cabinet member who is appointed by the Monarch on advice of the Prime Minister. The minister is assisted by a Secretary of State and an Under-Secretary. The current minister of Culture is, since 21 November 2023, Ernest Urtasun.[3]
History
Early period
The Ministry of Culture was created during the Spanish transition to democracy. However, the government action on culture dates back to the 18th century. From the beginning of the century and promoted by the Crown, it appeared the first Royal Academies such as the Language (1713), History (1738) or Fine Arts (1752), all of them dependent from the Secretariat of State.[4]
With the development and specialization of the Administration, the promotion and protection of culture was assumed by the Ministry of Development between 1834 and 1837 when it assumed powers over theaters, and all kinds of public amusements and recreation, as well as the Conservatories of Arts and Music,[5] by the Ministry of the Interior between 1837 and 1847 and Development again between 1847 and 1851, by the Ministry of Grace and Justice between 1851 and 1855[6] and again by the Ministry of Development until 1900.
The Budget Act of 1900 created the Ministry of Public Instruction and Fine Arts[7] which assumed the responsibilities on culture until 1977. During this period, the Directorate-General for Fine Arts was created in 1915[8] which had competences on civil constructions related to National Monuments, Museums, Artistic Schools, Painting, Music Schools and other entities of an artistic nature[9] and in 1939 it was created the Directorate-General for Archives and Libraries. Both merged in 1974 in a new Directorate-General for Artistic and Cultural Heritage.[10]
In 1946 it was created the Directorate-General for Cinematography and Theater which main task was to censor this cultural sectors. It was suppressed in 1967.
Democracy
Finally, in 1977 it was created an independent Culture Ministry which assumed the Directorate-General for Artistic and Cultural Heritage from the Ministry of Education, the responsibilities of the Under Secretary for Family, Youth and Sport from the Ministry of the Presidency and the information and cultural functions of the Ministry of Information and Tourism (cinema, theaters, music). Likewise, the Secretariat of State for Culture was created and it also assumed RTVE.[11]
The final structure established nine general directions: Artistic Heritage, Archives and Museums; Cultural Diffusion; Books and Libraries; Music Theater and Shows; Cinematography; Community Development; Youth; and Broadcasting and Television. It also assumed organically the Superior Council of Sports.[12]
In 1981 the Ministry ceded to the City of Madrid the management of the Teatro Español.[13] In 1985 the Ministry suffered a big reshuffle because of the devolution of cultural powers to the recently created Regions. At the same time it was created the National Institute of Performing Arts and Music (INAEM) and the Institute of Cinematography and Audiovisual Arts (ICAA).[14]
Between 1996 and 2004 the Ministry of Culture was merged with the Ministry of Education although the Secretariat of State for Culture was maintained. In 2004 it was created again and in 2011 the Ministry assumed the competencies on bullfighting.[15] It was suppressed again in 2011 until 2018 when the new prime minister Pedro Sánchez recovered this Ministry.[16]
Established in 1975 and first presented in 1976, the Ministry of Culture awards the Miguel de Cervantes Prize each year to honor the lifetime achievement of an outstanding writer in the Spanish language.[54]
Untuk kegunaan lain, lihat Organ. OrganBeragam organ internal dalam tubuh manusiaRincianSistemSistem organPengidentifikasiBahasa LatinorganiYunaniΟργανοFMA67498Daftar istilah anatomi[sunting di Wikidata] Dalam biologi, organ adalah kelompok jaringan yang menjalankan fungsi serupa. Kehidupan hewan dan tumbuhan bergantung pada banyak organ yang bekerja sama dalam bentuk sistem organ. Secara umum, jaringan yang menyusun organ dapat digolongkan menjadi parenkim dan stroma. Parenkim merupak…
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76th PunjabisActive1903–1922Country British IndiaBranchArmyTypeInfantrySize2 BattalionsNickname(s)Lane ki PaltanUniformRed; faced emerald green[1]EngagementsPondicherry 1778Second Mysore War 1780–84Third Mysore War 1789–92Fourth Mysore War 1798–99First Burma War 1824–26Third Burma War 1885–87First World War 1914–18Third Afghan War 1919[2]CommandersColonel ofthe RegimentMajor General Henry S EltonMilitary unit The 76th Punjabis was an infantry regiment…
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This article is about the district. For its eponymous headquarters, see Gandhinagar. This article may need to be rewritten to comply with Wikipedia's quality standards. You can help. The talk page may contain suggestions. (June 2022) District of Gujarat in IndiaGandhinagar districtDistrict of GujaratAdalaj StepwellInteractive Map Outlining Gandhinagar DistrictLocation of district in GujaratCoordinates: 23°12′53.42″N 72°38′59.42″E / 23.2148389°N 72.6498389°E / …
American singer, songwriter, and musician (1923–1953) For other people named Hank Williams, see Hank Williams (disambiguation). Hank WilliamsWilliams in a 1948 promotional photo for WSMBornHiram King Williams(1923-09-17)September 17, 1923Butler County, Alabama, U.S.DiedJanuary 1, 1953(1953-01-01) (aged 29)Oak Hill, West Virginia, U.S.Resting placeOakwood Annex Cemetery, Montgomery, Alabama32°23′05″N 86°17′29″W / 32.3847°N 86.2913°W / 32.3847; -86.2…
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Type of soft, pliable leather Deluxe edition of Thomas Mann's novel Der Tod in Venedig in full Morocco binding, showing its typical vein A red morocco binding with the Fugger arms (Bibliothèque-médiathèque de Nancy) Morocco leather (also known as Levant, the French Maroquin, Turkey[1], or German Saffian from Safi, a Moroccan town famous for leather) is a vegetable-tanned leather known for its softness, pliability, and ability to take color. It has been widely used in the manufacture o…