The commune has been awarded one flower by the National Council of Towns and Villages in Bloom in the Competition of cities and villages in Bloom.[3]
Geography
Annot is located some 80 km north-west of Nice, 15 km east of Saint-Andre-les-Alpes, and 13 km west of Puget-Theniers. Access to the commune is by National Road N202 from Saint-Andre-les-Alpes to Puget-Theniers which passes through the south of the commune. Access to the village is by road D908 running north off the N202 and continuing north to Le Fugeret.[4] There are two railway stations in the commune: Scaffarels station, an optional stop built on a masonry embankment; and Annot Railway Station near the village. They are both served by the line from Nice to Digne.[5]
The hamlet of Les Scaffarels is south-east of the village and there is also the hamlet of Rouaine on the N202 in the south. The commune is mountainous and heavily forested. The forests occupy 2,712 hectares of the commune.[6]
The Galange river forms most of the southern border of the commune while the Vaire flows from north to south past the village gathering many tributaries through the commune. The Beite river joins the Vaire at the village while the Canal des Gastres flows south-east near the village then curves north to join the Coulomp just north-east of the commune.
Geology
The village is located within a resurgence of sandstone amidst limestone mountains at 680 m altitude. This resurgence is up to 250m thick. The rocky ridge overlooking the village is formed of sandstone. The debris that has formed below in picturesque shapes with names such as: the Dent du Diable (Tooth of the Devil), the Chambre du Roi (King's Chamber), the défilé des Garambes (Defile of Garambes), the Chameau des lumières (Camelback of lights), and the rocks of the Cent-Marches (Hundred Steps). It has been classed as a natural site since 1920.[7] Certain houses have been built directly against a rock fallen from the crag: the rock is bigger than a house. The acidic soils on the left bank of the Vaïre allow for chestnut growing.
The centre of the town (Saint-Jean-Baptiste Church, formerly Saint-Pons) has been built on a rocky outcrop between the Vaïre and Beïte rivers.
High points
Pelloussis Rock (1,340 m)
Col de L'Iscle (1,384 m)
on the same ridge west of the village: Le Roncheret (1,617 m), Le Puel (1,532 m), La Colle Durand (1,638 m), the Rocks of Rouaine (1,438 m)
Natural and technological risks
None of the 200 communes of the department is in a no seismic risk zone. The Canton of Annot is in zone 1b (low risk) according to the deterministic classification of 1991 based on the historical seismic data[8] and in zone 4 (medium risk) according to the probabilistic classification EC8 of 2011.[8] The town of Annot is also exposed to three other natural hazards:[9]
forest fire
flooding (in the valley of the Vaïre)
landslide
The commune of Annot is also exposed to the technological risk of the transport of dangerous goods by road.[8] The N202 national road can be used by carriers of dangerous goods.[8]
The foreseeable natural risk prevention plan (PPR) of the commune was approved in 1990 for flood risk, landslide, and earthquake[8] but a new one was requested in 2003 and a DICRIM has existed since 2011.[10]
The town has had several natural disasters from flooding and mudslides in 1994[9] and an earthquake powerfully felt in the town on 17 February 1947 whose epicentre was located in the Piedmont.[11]
The locality appears for the first time in charters of 1042 as Anoth when its Lord, Ermerincus of Anoth, gave it to the Abbey of Saint Victor, Marseille. The name perhaps comes from the Gallicana plus the Latin suffix ottum designating a small marsh.[12][13] Charles Rostaing thought that the name Ana designated it as an older town which preceded the upper town called Sigumanna.[14] According to Daniel Thiery, the name Sigumanna, cited in the same document as Annot, means the territory rather than a place or a specific village and this name of the territory is probably derived from the name of pre-Roman people who occupied the valley.[15]
The name of the hamlet of Rouaine comes from the Roman name *Rugius with the suffix -ane indicating the domain of Rugius.[16]
History
Antiquity
The name of the people settled in the valley on the arrival of the Romans is not certain, but it may be the Nemeturii. An oppidum was located at a place called Vers-la-Ville.[17]
Middle Ages
The original village was probably in the middle of "Grès d'Annot" (Annot sandstone). The houses were mostly wooden (locations for beams are visible in the rocks that the houses backed on to) and more than one floor. The path called "Vers-la-Ville" leading to a chapel is certainly a testimony to its past existence. On this path there is a large sandstone rock ("the rock of 100 steps") on which a staircase is carved. Around the rock's summit there are holes dug to accommodate wooden beams.
Subsequently, the village was built between the Vaïre and Beite rivers and was fortified around the church of Saint-Pons in 1042.[18] The Lord was the Abbey of Saint Victor, Marseille, who received very many gifts.[15] The Abbey shared some rights with the Order of the Temple.[19][20] After the dissolution of the Order of the Temple, its property at Fugeret and Annot passed to the Abbey Saint-Pons of Nice.[15]
The lordship then passed to the counts of Provence.[19] The death of Queen Joanna I created a succession crisis for the head of the County of Provence. The towns of the Union of Aix (1382–1387) supported Charles de Duras against Louis I of Anjou. The Annot community supported Duras until 1386 then switched sides to join the Angevins through patient negotiations by Marie de Blois, widow of Louis I and regent for their son Louis II. The surrender of Aix could also have played a role in the turnaround of the community.[21]
A Fair was established in 1388 by Marie de Blois which was maintained until the end of the Ancien Régime.[18][22][23] She also authorised a weekly market.[24] Finally in the 15th and 16th centuries it was the Saint-Pons family who were the Lords.[19]
Modern Times
During the Wars of religion the city was attacked by the Protestants in 1574[25] commanded by the Baron of l'Isle.[26] Annot was spared the plague epidemics of 1626 and 1670 which nevertheless affected Castellane and Entrevaux.[27]
In May 1672 the entire population of the village, led by the notaries and the apothecary, repulsed the new vicar who had been imposed by the diocese and not from the country.[28]
At the end of the 17th century the village was gradually emerging from isolation: the Bishop of Entrevaux, Ithier, established a fortnightly postal service between Entrevaux and Aix by mules, which also served Annot and Guillaumes.[29][30] The culture of Roman law, which requires frequent use of a notary, was very much alive: thus four notaries were established in Annot in 1680.[29] In the 18th century a viguerie was installed at Annot which also served the communities of Braux, La Colle, Fugeret, Méailles, Argenton, Peyresc, and Saint-Benoît.[24]
In June 1704, as part of the War of the Spanish Succession, a communal militia was raised at Ubraye and Annot. They were repulsed by the Savoyards in the Valley of Marguery, and many residents of both communities were taken prisoner. The ransom for those from Annot amounted to 1,200 livres.[31]
The French Revolution
The community was fully part of the movement of the French Revolution. After sending their complaints in 1789, they planted a tree of liberty in the Place Revelly.[32] The patriotic society of the commune was created during the summer of 1792:[33] it was called the Club of Friends of the Revolution.[32]
19th and 20th centuries
In the 19th century the commune was experiencing some industrial development through the spinning and weaving of wool on the model of the Honnorat factory in Saint-André-de-Méouilles.[34] The Moulard factory opened in the early 1830s and the Roux factory in 1836 (but it disappeared before 1843[35]). In 1856 two factories employed 40 workers.[36]
The railway arrived at Annot in 1908 with the opening of the penultimate section of the line from Nice to Digne.[37] The Colle tunnel was completed in 1903 and the entire line between Nice and Digne was opened from 5 to 7 August 1911 in the presence of Victor Augagneur, Minister of Public Works.[38]
During the First World War soldiers were assigned to Annot to defend the railway lines for Railways of Provence.
Until the middle of the 20th century there was a vineyard in Annot whose production was consumed locally and was exported. There remains nothing now.[40]
The town of Annot used at least two different shields, both making reference to chestnuts. The current arms of Annot are the second described below without picture.
These arms. are not dated. It is possible that they are the oldest in the community.
Blazon: Azure, Fess of Argent charged with the word ANNOT in Roman capitals in Sable, in chief two chestnut branches of Or posed saltirewise and in base a fleur-de-lise the same.[41]
In 2017, the active population amounted to 438 people, including 57 unemployed (13%). These workers are in majority employees (81%), and are in majority employed in the commune (71%).[49] Most of the workers are employed in industry and construction (56% in 2015). Agriculture does not provide any employment. Services and administration, with 134 jobs, takes up the remaining 44% of the working population.[49]
At the end of 2015 establishments active in the town were mainly shops and services (87 out of 142 establishments) followed by firms in the secondary sector (27), the government, health, the social sector, and education (25 establishments).[49]
At the end of 2015 the primary sector (agriculture, forestry, fisheries) had 3 different establishments.[49] A cheese bears the appellation Fromage d'Annot or Tomme d'Annot.
At the end of 2015 the secondary sector (industry and construction) had 27 establishments and employed 169 employees.[49]
The main employer in the town is the Faissole[50] biscuit factory which has produced biscuits and toasted buns since the 1960s[50] and employs 118 employees with an annual turnover of €11 million.[51] The agri-food sector also has the Rigault and Co. factory for cured meats with 18 employees.[52]
A small central hydroelectric plant is installed on the Vaïre near Scaffarels. The water chute is 46 m high and drives a turbine of 820 kW. Production is currently halted from July to October. The plant is equipped with a fish slide.[53]
At the end of 2015 the tertiary sector (trades and services) had 87 establishments with 48 employees plus another 25 administrative establishments employing 86 people.[49]
According to Departmental Observatory of Tourism, the tourist function is important for the town, with between 1 and 5 tourists welcomed per year per inhabitant.[54] Most of the accommodation capacity is non-market.[55] Several tourist accommodation structures exist in the commune:
several hotels[56] (1 classified 1-star[57] and 2 classified 2-star[58]).[59] These three hotels have a total capacity of 33 rooms;[49][59]
a 2-star camping site[60] with 64 places;[49][59] *several furnished units;[61]
collective accommodation is provided by a vacation village managed by the commune[62][63] and a cottage (The Roncharels).[64]
Overall, second homes add a significant extra accommodation capacity in the commune[65] with 334 homes (35% of the houses in the town).[49]
In summer, the passage of the steam train on the line from Nice to Digne between Puget-Théniers and Annot adds significant tourist activity to the commune.[66] In 2006-2007 this increased the patronage on the line by 50 to 60%.[67]
Annot is well regarded for bouldering and is particularly popular among climbers, as the second biggest developed area of that kind in France.[69]
Culture and heritage
Civil heritage
The Pont de la Donne (Bridge over the Donne) (1709). is registered as an historical monument.[70] It is partly in the commune of Saint-Benoît.
The Old town and medieval alleys. A lintel bears the date of 1377 which is apocryphal according to Raymond Collier[71] as it is contrary to other lintels dated 1455 and 1533[72]
The Bridge over the Beite and its surroundings
The Arcade Houses in the arcade on the Rue Notre Dame
A Fortified Gate in the old town;
The Place of plane trees along the Vaïre
A Coaching Inn in Rouaine which is still used as a hotel-restaurant.[73]
The Bridge over the Vaïre is 34 metres long[74][75] and 3.5 metres wide. It succeeded another bridge built in 1676. The community of Annot first built it with stone piers[74] by the master masons François Richard, Louis Borrely, and Louis Fabre.[75] These piers are protected by strong front and rear Starlings with handrails provided on top of the starlings. On these piles a wooden deck was built[74] which allowed rapid commissioning in 1682.[75] The wooden deck was replaced by a stone deck at the beginning of the 18th century. It was the object of repair works in 1777. In 1932 the square in the village was enlarged and the two main arches were sealed.
Religious heritage
The commune has several religious buildings and structures that are registered as historical monuments:
The Parish Church of Saint John the Baptist (12th century)[76] (formerly Saint-Pons[77]) is in the old town.[78] Initially a simple priory, it took on the function of a parish church at the time of the constitution of castrum in the late 12th century.[15] It was built with a semi-circular apse,[78] a semi-circular vault which is the only part of the church which is entirely Romanesque.[77] It is extended by a hemispherical tower. An aisle was added or rebuilt in the 15th or 16th centuries in the Gothic style.[79] The nave was rebuilt in the 17th century.[80] The church has a very large number of items which have been registered as historical objects.[76] Some of these objects are:
The Chapel of Notre-Dame-de-Vers-la-Ville (12th century)[92][93] was built on a small platform in front of a sandstone pile of rocks.[77] Probably installed in the centre of a Carolingian field, it served as a parish church until the end of the 12th century.[15] It contains many items that are registered as historical objects:
The Parish Church of Saint Peter (17th century)[113] The Church has a very large number of items that are registered as historical objects.[113]
The Chapel of Notre-Dame-de-Vérimande (17th century)[114] The Chapel existed before the 13th century. It was then probably rebuilt in the second half of the 17th century and restored significantly in the mid-18th century then again at the end of the 19th century. It has a canopy, and Lunettes over the Bays.[115] The Chapel contains many items that are registered as historical objects:
A Statue: Saint Mary-Magdalene (18th century)[116][117]
The Grès d'Annot (Annot Sandstone), a chaos of sandstone blocks nationally known by climbers who practice climbing. They are a listed site in the Regional Directorate of the Environment and protected since 1946. They cover an area of 137 hectares in total.[7]
The Gorge of the Galange is crossed by Route nationale N202 on the vertiginous bridge of Saint-Joseph (753 m high)
The Defile of Garambes
Military heritage
The Medieval Ramparts are still partly visible, doors have been conserved and provide access to the old village. Tall houses surrounding the town formed the outer wall and marked the outline of the medieval city. At Vérimande there is Templar Chapel and a house said to be from the Templars: a large structure with a tower Dovecote.
Notable people linked to the commune
Jacques Verdollin (born 29 November 1738 in Annot and died on 16 April 1793 in Paris), deputy in the States General of 1789 and the National Convention in September 1792.
Paul Rabiers du Villars (born 2 June 1837 in Annot and died 11 May 1898 at Castellane) was elected in 1877, he saw his election invalidated.
Marsi Paribatra (born 25 August 1931 in Bangkok, Thailand and died on 9 July 2013 at her house in Annot), was the only daughter of Prince Chumbhot Paripatra, Prince of Nakhon Sawan (Thailand). Her style was Mom Chao Ying (HSH). She was also an artist who exhibited regularly in Paris at the Musée d’Art Moderne between 1964 and 1972.
Bibliography
Raymond Collier, Upper-Provence Monumental and Artistic, Digne, Imprimerie Louis Jean, 1986, 559 p. (in French)
Under the direction of Édouard Baratier, Georges Duby, and Ernest Hildesheimer, Historical Atlas of Provence, Comtat Venaissin, Principality of Orange, County of Nice, Principality of Monaco, Librairie Armand Colin, Paris, 1969 (in French)
Jean-Louis Damon, Au pied du Baou Sublime. Nouvelles historiques et récits du pays d'Annot, Serre éditeur (collection les régionales), Nice, 1990 ISBN978-2-86410-149-9 ; p. 180 (in French)
^ abRegional Directorate of the Environment, The Rocks and groups of rocks, Departmental Inventory of classified sites, DIREN, published in October 2003, consulted on 4 August 2012 (in French)
^ abMinistry of Ecology, sustainable development, transport, and lodgings, Communal NoticeArchived 2014-01-13 at the Wayback Machine on the Gaspar database, placed online 27 May 2011, consulted on 25 June 2012 (in French)
^Ernest Nègre, General Toponymy of France: Etymology of 35,000 place names, vol. 1: Pre-celtic, Celtic, and Roman Forms, Genève, Librairie Droz, coll. Publications romanes et françaises (no 193), 1990, 1869 pages (ISBN978-2-600-02884-4). Notice 2024, p 104 (in French)
^Bénédicte Fénié, Jean-Jacques Fénié, Provençale Toponymy, Éditions Sud-Ouest, 2002 (reprint), ISBN978-2-87901-442-5, p. 41 (in French)
^Charles Rostaing, Essay on the toponymy of Provence (from its origins to the barbarian invasions), Laffite Reprints, Marseille, 1973 (1st edition 1950), p 321 (in French)
^ abcdefgDaniel Thiery, Annot, On the origins of churches and rural chapels in Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, published on 12 December 2010, online on 15 December 2010, consulted on 25 June 2012 (in French)
^Raymond Boyer and Guy Barruol, Map 12 "Peoples and habitats of the pre-Roman era", in Baratier, Duby & Hildesheimer, Historical Atlas of Provence, and commentary (in French)
^ abMichel de La Torre, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence: The complete guide to 200 communes, Paris, Deslogis-Lacoste, coll. "Towns and villages of France", 1989, Relié, 72 p. (non-paginated) (ISBN2-7399-5004-7) (in French)
^ abcUnder the direction of Édouard Baratier, Georges Duby, and Ernest Hildesheimer, Historical Atlas of Provence, Comtat Venaissin, Principality of Orange, County of Nice, Principality of Monaco, Librairie Armand Colin, Paris, 1969, p. 160 (in French)
^Joseph-Antoine Durbec (pref. Jacques Juillet), Templars and Hospitaliers in Provence and in Alpes-Maritimes, Grenoble, Le Mercure Dauphinois, 2001 (ISBN2-913826-13-X), p. 28 (in French)
^Louis Stouff, "Map 86: Port, roads and fairs from the 13th to the 15th centuries", in Historical Atlas of Provence, Comtat Venaissin, Principality of Orange, County of Nice, Principality of Monaco, Librairie Armand Colin, Paris, 1969 (in French)
^Baratier and Hilsdesheimer, "Map 122: The Fairs (1713–1789)", in Baratier, Duby & Hildesheimer, op. cit. (in French)
^ abAlfred Verdollin, Annot: around an old village and its mountains, Nice : Imprimerie Ciais, 1970. Collection Incidences et méditations, p. 34 (in French)
^Jacques Cru, History of the Gorges of Verdon until the Révolution, co-edited Édisud and Parc naturel régional du Verdon, 2001, ISBN2-7449-0139-3, p 200 (in French)
^Jean Nicolas, The French rebellion: popular movements and social conscience, 1661-1789, Paris: Gallimard, 2008. Folio Collection, ISBN978-2-07-035971-4, p. 742 (in French)
^Émile Lauga, The Post in Basses-Alpes, or the history of mail from Antiquité to the beginning of the 20th century, Digne-les-Bains, Éditions de Haute-Provence, 1994, ISBN2-909800-64-4, p. 58 (in French)
^Patrice Alphand, "The Popular Societies", The Revolution in Basses-Alpes, Annals of Haute-Provence, Bulletin from the Scientific and Literary society of Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, no 307, 1st Trimester 1989, 108th year, p 296-297 (in French)
^Mireille Mistral, The Drapery industry in the Valley of Verdon, Doctoral thesis of the State in Economic Science, Academy of Aix-en-Provence, Nice, 1951, 231 p., p 119 (in French)
^Préfecture of Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, [Bad link: Two centuries of préfectoral activities], Préfecture of Alpes de Haute-Provence, consulted on 22 June 2012 (in French)
^Raymond Moulin, "6 June 1944: the ambush of col de Toutes Aures at Vergons", Basses-Alpes 39-45 No. 4, May 2005, p. 3 (in French)
^Louis de Bresc, Arms of the communes of Provence, 1866, Reprint: Marcel Petit CPM - Raphèle-lès-Arles 1994 (in French)
^JL Damon, The Valleys of the Vaïre and Coulomp: Stories and history of Annot country. Arts and popular traditions, Legends and memories of origins until the 1914-1918 war, Annot, 1988, ISBN2-9502821-0-5, plate 1 (in French)
^Achard, Historical description of towns and villages of Provence, 1787 (in French)
^Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Alpes de Haute Provence, Biscottes Faissole, consulted on 19 July 2012 (in French)
^Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, Rigault et Cie, consulted on 20 September 2012 (in French)
^Mathieu Ruillet and Éric Ruchet, Study on the regional potential for development of small-scale hydro-electricity, Renewable Energy Group, environment and solidarity (GERES), 5 December 2005, p. 46 and 60 (in French)
^ abcNotice that it was consecrated by Guy Barruol in Guy Barruol, Philippe Autran, and Jacqueline Ursch, On one side or the other: the bridges of Haute-Provence from Antiquity to today, Les Alpes de Lumière no 153, Forcalquier 2006, p 56-57. (in French)
^ abcSerge Montens, The most beautiful bridges in France, Paris, Bonneton, 2001, ISBN2-86253-275-4, p. 41 (in French)
Form of government similar to asymmetric federalism This article possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. (April 2008) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Part of the Politics seriesPolitics Outline Index Category Primary topics Outline of political science Index of politics articles Politics by country Politics by subdivision Political economy Politi…
Political party in France Ecologist Party Parti écologistePresidentFrançois de RugyPresident in the National AssemblyGilles Le GendreFoundersFrançois de RugyJean-Vincent PlacéFounded2 September 2015Split fromEurope Ecology – The GreensIdeologyGreen politicsGreen liberalismPro-EuropeanismPolitical positionCentre-left[1]National affiliationEnsemble Citoyens (since 2021)La République En Marche! (since 2017)Union of Democrats and Ecologists (2015–2016)ColoursBlue, greenNat…
Milan PrimaveraNama lengkapAssociazione Calcio Milan PrimaveraJulukani Rossoneri (Merah hitam)il Diavolo (Setan)Berdiri1962StadionVismara Sports Centre, Milan[1](Kapasitas: 1,200[2])PemilikSilvio Berlusconi[3]Presiden kehormatanSilvio Berlusconi[4]Pelatih kepalaCristian BrocchiLigaKejuaraan Nasional Primavera2012–13Semi-final[5] Kostum kandang Kostum tandang Kostum ketiga Associazione Calcio Milan Primavera adalah tim U-19 dari tim sepak bola profesional…
Annual migration of salmon For the video game, see Salmon Run (video game). For the Splatoon mode, see Splatoon 2 and Splatoon 3. A grizzly bear ambushing a jumping salmon during an annual salmon run A salmon run is an annual fish migration event where many salmonid species, which are typically hatched in fresh water and live most of the adult life downstream in the ocean, swim back against the stream to the upper reaches of rivers to spawn on the gravel beds of small creeks. After spawning, all…
Thirumalraya Swaminathan Duta Besar Indiauntuk BelgiaMasa jabatan01966-12-1616 Desember 1966 – 01970-01-2020 Januari 1970PendahuluK. B. LallPenggantiBhagvatprasad Raojibhai Patelmenteri kabinet IndiaMasa jabatan01970-12-011 Desember 1970 – 01972-11-022 November 1972PendahuluB.SivaramanPenggantiB.D.PandeKepala Komisioner Pemilihan Umum IndiaMasa jabatan1973–1977PendahuluNagendra SinghPenggantiS. L. Shakdhar Sunting kotak info • L • B Thirumalraya S…
2013 tax increase and spending decrease This article is part of a series on theBudget and debt in theUnited States of America Major dimensions Economy Expenditures Federal budget Financial position Military budget Public debt Taxation Unemployment Gov't spending Programs Medicare Social programs Social Security Contemporary issues Bowles–Simpson Commission Bush tax cuts Debt ceiling history Deficit reduction Fiscal cliff Healthcare reform Political debates Social Security debate Starve the bea…
Berikut adalah daftar marga angota suku kapas-kapasan atau Malvaceae (s.l., arti luas). Marga dikelompokkan berdasarkan anaksuku masing-masing. Bombacoideae Dalam klasifikasi yang lebih awal anaksuku ini dianggap sebagai suku (famili) Bombacaceae. Ciri-ciri dasar. Terna atau pohon/perdu; daun berseling, biasanya berbentuk tangan, berlekuk, dengan stipula kecil. Bunga hermafrodit, aktinomorf; kelopak lima helai, bergabung di pangkal, sering kali disertai dengan epicalyx; mahkota lima helai, terle…
Peta menunjukan lokasi San Juan Untuk kegunaan lain, lihat San Juan. San Juan adalah munisipalitas yang terletak di provinsi Leyte Selatan, Filipina. Pada tahun 2010, munisipalitas ini memiliki populasi sebesar 14.943 jiwa atau 3.129 rumah tangga. Pembagian wilayah Secara administratif San Juan terbagi menjadi 18 barangay, yaitu: Nama Barangay Jumlah Penduduk(1 Agustus 2007) Agay-ay 615 Basak 1,248 Bobon A 353 Bobon B 381 Dayanog 740 Garrido 410 Minoyho 930 Osao 1,117 Pong-oy 1,104 San Jose (Pob…
1950 Italian car model Motor vehicle Fiat 1400 Fiat 19001951 Fiat 1400 BerlinaOverviewManufacturerFiatAlso calledNSU-Fiat 1400/1900 (West Germany)Steyr 2000 (Austria)Zastava 1400 BJ (Yugoslavia)[1]Production1950–19581954–1961 (Yugoslavia)1953–1959 (Austria)AssemblyHeilbronn, West Germany (Neckar Automobilwerke)DesignerDante Giacosa[2]Body and chassisBody style4-door saloon (1400 & 1900)2-door cabriolet (1400)2-door hardtop coupé (1900)LayoutFront-engine, rear…
Radio Maria ItaliaWilayah siar Italia KJMJ Malta Montecarlo National and International FM HotbirdFrekuensivariesMulai mengudara1987FormatGereja Katolik RomaPemilikAssociazione Radio MariaSitus webhttp://www.radiomaria.it/ Radio Maria adalah sebuah badan siaran radio Katolik yang didirikan di Erba, provinsi Como, Italia, di wilayah Keuskupan Agung Milan pada tahun 1983. Sejarah Fasilitas siaran pertamanya pada awalnya adalah fasilitas paroki, namun kemudian ditata ulang sebagai sebuah badan terpi…
RomaMusim 1991–92PresidenGiuseppe CiarrapicoManajerOttavio BianchiStadionStadio OlimpicoSerie A5Supercoppa ItalianaRunners-upCoppa ItaliaPerempat finalEuropean Cup Winners' CupPerempat finalPencetak gol terbanyakLiga: Rudi Völler (7)Seluruh kompetisi: Ruggiero Rizzitelli (12)← 1990–91 1992–93 →Associazione Sportiva Roma gagal mengulangi keberhasilan musim kompetisi sebelumnya di ajang Coppa Italia. Sementara di liga Italia, AS Roma mampu menjaga statusnya sebagai salah satu tim papan …
Kuba-AmerikaDaerah dengan populasi signifikanUmumnya di Miami/Fort Lauderdale Area, Tampa, California, New Jersey, New York. Populasi bertumbuh di Texas, Carolina Utara, Carolina Selatan, dan Georgia.BahasaBahasa Spanyol, Bahasa InggrisAgamaUmumnya: Katolik Roma Minoritas:Protestan, Santería, YudaismeKelompok etnik terkaitBangsa Spanyol, Bangsa HispanikAfrika-Kuba, Yahudi Kuba, Tionghoa Kuba Kuba Amerika (bahasa Spanyol: Cubanoamericanos)[1] adalah orang Amerika yang memiliki leluhu…
Title in the Peerage of England Earldom of Northamptonsubsidiary title of theMarquessate of NorthamptonCoat of arms of Spencer Compton, Marquess and Earl of Northampton.Creation date 1071 (first creation) 1337 (second creation) 1399 (third creation) 1604 (fourth creation) 1618 (fifth creation) Created by William the Conqueror (first creation) Edward III (second creation) Henry IV (third creation) James VI and I (fourth and fifth creations) PeeragePeerage of EnglandFirst holderWaltheof, Earl of N…
1893–94 British invasion of the Ndebele Kingdom First Matabele WarPart of the Matabele WarsThe Battle of the Shangani (25 October 1893), as depicted by Richard Caton Woodville Jr. (1856–1927)DateOctober 1893 – January 1894LocationMatabeleland and MashonalandResult Decisive Company victory; dissolution of the Ndebele KingdomTerritorialchanges Matabeleland brought under Company controlBelligerents British South Africa CompanyTswana (Bechuana) Ndebele KingdomCommanders and leaders Cecil Rhode…
Australian politician The HonourablePeter PrimroseMLCPresident of the New South Wales Legislative CouncilIn office8 May 2007 – 17 November 2009Preceded byMeredith BurgmannSucceeded byAmanda FazioMember of New South Wales Legislative CouncilIncumbentAssumed office 17 April 1996Member of Parliamentfor CamdenIn office1988–1991Preceded byJohn FaheySucceeded byLiz KernohanAlderman of City of CampbelltownIn office1980–1991 Personal detailsBorn (1955-09-26) 26 September 1955 (age…
For the Old Occitan literary genre, see cobla esparsa. Cobla Baix Llobregat playing in front of the Palau de la Generalitat in Barcelona The cobla (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈkobːlə], plural cobles) is a traditional music ensemble of Catalonia, and in Northern Catalonia in France. It is generally used to accompany the sardana, a traditional Catalan folk dance, danced in a circle. Structure The modern Cobla normally consists of 11 players with the following instruments: One flabiol, a ty…