Scylla paramamosain

Scylla paramamosain
Kepiting bakau hijau, Scylla paramamosain
dari Segarajaya, Tarumajaya, Bekasi
Klasifikasi ilmiah
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S. paramamosain
Nama binomial
Scylla paramamosain
Sinonim
  • Scylla serrata var. paramamosain Estampador, 1949[1] (basionym)
  • Scylla oceanica Serène, 1952
  • Scylla serrata Holthuis, 1978

Scylla paramamosain atau yang juga dikenal sebagai kepiting-bakau hijau (green mangrove crab, green mud crab) adalah sejenis kepiting bakau yang menyebar luas di Asia Tenggara, khususnya di bagian utara pesisir Laut Tiongkok Selatan dan sebagian wilayah Jawa.[2]

Pengenalan

Ciri-ciri untuk pengenalan

Kepiting bakau berukuran besar, lebar karapas maksimum (hewan jantan) sekitar 20 cm dengan bobot mencapai 2 kg. Lengan sepit (chelipeds) besar dan kokoh, dengan dua duri runcing di belakang jari penjepit; satu duri tumpul serupa tonjolan berada di sisi luar carpus (ruas kedua, dihitung dari pangkal). Sisi muka karapas (frontal margin, di antara dua mata) biasanya dengan gerigi yang tajam.[2]

Tatkala hidup, umumnya karapasnya berwarna hijau hingga hijau terang; lengan sepit (capit) berwarna hijau sampai biru kehijauan, sisi bawahnya biasa dengan warna kuning pucat hingga jingga kekuningan.[2]

Agihan dan ekologi

Bagian mulut
Taju kelamin hewan jantan

Scylla paramamosain tercatat keberadaannya di Jepang, Taiwan, Tiongkok (termasuk Hong Kong), Vietnam, Kamboja, Singapura dan Indonesia.[3] Kepiting ini sekarang juga dihasilkan dari pemeliharaan akuakultur di Vietnam bagian selatan.[4] Di Indonesia, kepiting bakau ini diketahui menghuni paparan lumpur dangkal dan tambak-tambak dekat estuaria di pesisir Laut Jawa; khususnya di pantai utara Jawa Tengah dan sekitar Banjarmasin, Kalsel.[5]

Habitat kepiting-bakau hijau terutama adalah pantai berbatu, dekat terumbu karang, dan hutan bakau.[2]

Lokalitas tipe adalah Timbulsloko.[5]

Taksonomi

Betina (kiri) dan jantan (kanan)

Scylla paramamosain pertama kali dideskripsi oleh Eulogio P. Estampador pada tahun 1949, sebagai salah satu subspesies dari Scylla serrata.[6][7] Kini diketahui bahwa kepiting-kepiting bakau yang sebelumnya diidentifikasi sebagai S. serrata di Tiongkok kebanyakan adalah S. paramamosain.[8]

Catatan kaki

  1. ^ Estampador, EP. 1949. "Studies on Scylla (Crustacea: Portunidae) I. Revision of the genus. Philipp. J. Sci. 78(1): 95-108. pls. 1-3
  2. ^ a b c d Carpenter, Kent E. & Volker H. Niem. 2001. FAO Species Identification Guide: The Living Marine Resources of The Western Pacific. Vol. 2: 1128. Rome:Food and Agriculture Organization.
  3. ^ "Scylla paramamosain Estampador, 1949". Crabs of Japan. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2020-09-27. Diakses tanggal June 18, 2011. 
  4. ^ Stig M. Christensen, Donald J. Macintosh & Nguyen T. Phuong. "Pond production of the mud crabs Scylla paramamosain (Estampador) and S. olivacea (Herbst) in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam, using two different supplementary diets". Aquaculture Research. 35 (11): 1013–1024. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2109.2004.01089.x. 
  5. ^ a b Keenan, CP., PJF. Davie & DL. Mann. 1998. "A revision of the genus Scylla de Haan, 1833 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Portunidae)". Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 46: 217-45. (1998)
  6. ^ W. Stephenson & B. Campbell (1960). "The Australian Portunids (Crustacea: Portunidae). IV. Remaining Genera". Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research. 11 (1): 73–122. doi:10.1071/MF9600073. 
  7. ^ Jesse D. Ronquillo, Zandro V. Pura & Rex M. Traifalgar. ""Seedling" production and pond culture of hatchery-produced juveniles of the mud crab Scylla oceanica Dana, 1852". Dalam Frederick R. Schram & J. C. von Vaupel Klein. Crustaceans and the Biodiversity Crisis: Proceedings of the Fourth International Crustacean Congress, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, July 20-24, 1998 (PDF). Crustacean Issues. 12. Brill Publishers. hlm. 999–1011. ISBN 978-90-04-11387-9. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2012-03-23. Diakses tanggal 2015-09-11. 
  8. ^ Ling-Bo Ma, Feng-Ying Zhang, Chun-Yan Ma & Zhen-Guo Qiao (2006). "Scylla paramamosain (Estampador) the most common mud crab (Genus Scylla) in China: evidence from mtDNA". Aquaculture Research. 37 (16): 1694–1698. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2109.2006.01603.x. 

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