有限理性

限制理性(英語:Bounded rationality),又譯為有限理性,係由赫伯特·亞歷山大·西蒙所提出,是基於生理學心理學層面的思考,對於傳統經濟學理論所提出的修正。傳統經濟學一直以完全理性為前提,由於行為人可以得到所有資訊,因此可以在多種方案中,選擇能使效用最大化的一種方案;但是於現實狀況中,人們所獲得的資訊、知識與能力都是有限的,所能夠考慮的方案也是有限的,未必能作出使得效用最大化的決策。因此,西蒙認為必須考慮人的基本生理限制,以及由此而引起的認知限制、動機限制及其相互影響的限制。

西蒙所提出的理論是,將不完全的資訊以及處理資訊的費用,和一些非傳統的決策者目標函數引入經濟分析

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