Timeline of Pisa

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Pisa in the Tuscany region of Italy.

Prior to 15th century

225 BCE - A Roman army from Sardinia lands in Pisa.^[1]
180 BCE - Pisa becomes a Roman colony.^[1]
89 BCE - Pisans granted Roman citizenship.^[2]
300 CE - Roman Catholic diocese of Pisa established (approximate date).^[3]
805 CE - San Paolo a Ripa d'Arno monastery founded.^[4]
812 CE - Pisa becomes part of the March of Tuscany (territory) of the Holy Roman Empire.^[2]
990 - San Michele in Borgo monastery founded.^[4]
1003 - Lucca-Pisa conflict occurs.^[1]
1004 - Pisa sacked by Saracens.^[1]
1063 - Pisa Cathedral construction begins.^[2]
1011 - Pisa unsuccessfully attacked by Saracens again.^[1]
1092
- Pisa Cathedral construction completed.^[1]
- Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Pisa established.^[3]
1095 - Pisans join religious First Crusade forces fighting abroad.^[2]
1118 - Pisa Cathedral consecrated.^[1]
1119 - San Pietro in Vinculis church reconsecrated.^[4]
1132 - San Sisto church consecrated.^[4]
1140 - Piazza dei Cavalieri, Pisa. the square become the center of Pisa.
1147–1150 - The Pisans joined in the Second Crusade.^[1]
1150 - Santo Sepolcro church built (approximate date).^[1]
1152 - Pisa Baptistery construction begins.^[2]
1161 - Walls of Pisa [it] built.^[4]
1162 - Pisan territory expands.^[4]
1167 - Flood.^(it)
1173 - Tower of Pisa construction begins.^[2]
1187 - Papal election, December 1187 held at Pisa.
1228 - Conflict with the united forces of Florence and Lucca near Barga
1230 - Santa Maria della Spina church and tower of the San Nicola church built (approximate date).^[1]
1252 - Santa Caterina church built.^[4]
1257 - Hospital built.^[4]
1264 - San Francesco church built.^[4]
1278 - Camposanto Monumentale (cemetery) built.^[4]
1284 - Naval Battle of Meloria fought between Pisan and Genoese forces near Livorno; Genoese win.
1329 - Santa Maria del Carmine church built.^[4]
1342 - Lucca annexed to Pisa.^[2]
1343 - University of Pisa founded by edict of Pope Clement VI.^[2]
1399 - Republic of Pisa becomes a client state of the Duchy of Milan.

15th–19th centuries

1402 - Gabriele Maria Visconti becomes signore.
1406
- Pisa besieged by Florentine forces.^[1]
- Cittadella Nuova (fortress) construction begins.^[4]
1482 - Printing press in operation.^[5]
1494 - French in power.^[4]
1509 - Florentines in power.^[1]
1543
- Orto botanico di Pisa (garden) founded.^[6]
- Palazzo della Sapienza (Pisa) [it] built.^[4]
1551 - Population: 8,574 within the walls.^[1]
1555 - Palazzo Lanfranchi, Pisa rebuiling completed.
1562 - Piazza dei Cavalieri remodelled.^[4]
1564
- Palazzo della Carovana built.
- Birth of Galileo Galilei, astronomer, physicist and engineer.
1569 - Santo Stefano dei Cavalieri church consecrated.
1589 - Galileo begins teaching at the university.
1590 - Lanfreducci palace built.^[1]
1596 - Museo storia naturale di Pisa (museum) founded.
1605 - Logge di Banchi [it] built.^[4]
1680 - Flood.^(it)
1735 - "Austrian grand dukes of the house of Lorraine" in power.^[4]
1745 - Population: 12,406 within the walls.^[1]
1777 - Flood.^(it)
1810 - Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa (school) founded.
1815 - Piazza Santa Caterina [it] created.^[4]
1841 - Population: 40,477.^[7]
1844 - Pisa-Livorno railway begins operating.^[4]
1846 - Pisa–Lucca railway begins operating.
1851 - University closes.^[2]
1859 - University reestablished.^[2]
1860 - Pisa becomes part of the Kingdom of Italy.^[4]
1861 - Pisa-Massa railway begins operating.
1865 - Teatro Politeama (Pisa) [it] (theatre) opens.^[8]^[9]
1867 - Regio Teatro Nuovo [it] (theatre) opens.^[9]
1881 - Population: 42,779.^[1]
1885 - Velodromo Stampace [it] opens.
1897 - Population: 65,516.^[10]

20th century

1909 - Pisa Sport Club formed.
1919 - Arena Garibaldi opens.
1930 - Società Storica Pisana (history society) formed.^[11]^(it)
1943 - Bombing of Pisa in World War II in World War II.^[12]
1944 - Bombing.^[2]
1945 - Coltano prison camp [it] in operation.^[2]
1950 - Ponte di Mezzo [it] (bridge) built.
1952 - United States military Camp Darby established near city.
1963 - Biblioteca Comunale di Pisa (library) established.^[13]^[14]
1979
- Associazione Teatro di Pisa (theatre organization) formed.^[9]
- 24 November: Italy's first LGBT rights protest march, Pisa79 held.^[15]^[16]
1985 - May: Tuscan communal election, 1985 [it] held.
1987 - Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies established.^[17]

21st century

2008 - Marco Filippeschi becomes mayor.
2013 - Population: 86,263.^[18]
2015 - 31 May: Tuscan regional election, 2015 held.
2018 - Michele Conti becomes mayor.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p Britannica 1910.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l Domenico 2002.
^ ^a ^b "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Italy". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t "Pisa". Oxford Art Online. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |url= (help) Retrieved 17 December 2016
^ Robert Proctor (1898). "Books Printed From Types: Italy: Pisa". Index to the Early Printed Books in the British Museum. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Company. hdl:2027/uc1.c3450631.
^ "Garden Search: Italy". London: Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Retrieved 16 December 2016.
^ Repetti 1845.
^ Sforza 1871.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Teatro di Pisa" (in Italian). Fondazione Teatro di Pisa. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
^ Hunter, Brian; Paxton, John; Steinberg, S. H.; Epstein, Mortimer; Renwick, Isaac Parker Anderson; Keltie, John Scott; Martin, Frederick (1899). "Italy". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590550 – via HathiTrust.
^ "Società Storica Pisana" (in Italian). Retrieved 16 December 2016.
^ "Cenni storici" (in Italian). Comune di Pisa. Retrieved 16 December 2016.
^ "Biblioteca Comunale di Pisa: Storia della biblioteca" (in Italian). Comune di Pisa. Retrieved 16 December 2016.
^ "(Comune: Pisa)". Anagrafe delle biblioteche italiane (Registry of Italian Libraries) (in Italian). Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo Unico. Retrieved 16 December 2016.
^ Rosellini, Gabriele (2023-09-15). "Pisa79: the first Pride against homophobia in Italy". Click in Tuscany. Retrieved 2024-10-07.
^ "Trent'anni di orgoglio omosessuale. Pisa celebra il primo pride della storia d'Italia". web.archive.org. 2014-02-02. Retrieved 2024-10-07.
^ Walter Rüegg, ed. (2011). "Universities founded in Europe between 1945 and 1995". Universities Since 1945. History of the University in Europe. Vol. 4. Cambridge University Press. p. 576+. ISBN 978-1-139-49425-0.
^ "Resident Population". Demo-Geodemo. Istituto Nazionale di Statistica. Retrieved 15 December 2016.

This article incorporates information from the Italian Wikipedia.

Bibliography

in English

William Smith, ed. (1872) [1854]. "Pisae". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray. hdl:2027/hvd.ah5cur.
Bella Duffy (1892). The Tuscan Republics (Florence, Siena, Pisa, and Lucca) with Genoa. Story of the Nations. London: T. Fisher Unwin.
Ismar Elbogen (1905), "Pisa", Jewish Encyclopedia, vol. 10, New York, hdl:2027/msu.31293024395141{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Story of Pisa and Lucca, Mediaeval Towns, London: J.M. Dent & Co., 1907
Villari, Pasquale (1910). "Pisa" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 21 (11th ed.). pp. 643–646.
Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Pisa", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co., hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t41r6xh8t
"Pisa". Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 12. New York. 1911.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
"Pisa", Northern Italy (14th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1913
William Heywood (1921). History of Pisa: Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries. Cambridge University Press.
David Herlihy. Pisa in the Early Renaissance: A Study of Urban Growth (New Haven, CT, 1958)
Jane Skinner Sawyers (1996). "Pisa". In Trudy Ring (ed.). Southern Europe. International Dictionary of Historic Places. Vol. 3. Fitzroy Dearborn. pp. 539–542. ISBN 9781134259588. OCLC 31045650.
Roy Domenico (2002). "Tuscany: Pisa". Regions of Italy: a Reference Guide to History and Culture. Greenwood. pp. 334+. ISBN 0313307334.
Christopher Kleinhenz, ed. (2004). "Pisa". Medieval Italy: an Encyclopedia. Routledge. ISBN 0415939291.
O. Banti. An Illustrated History of Pisa (Pisa, 2010)
Chris Wickham (2015). "Pisa". Sleepwalking into a New World: The Emergence of Italian City Communes in the Twelfth Century. Princeton University Press. pp. 67–118. ISBN 978-1-4008-6582-6.

in Italian

Ranieri Grassi (1836). Descrizione storica e artistica di Pisa e de' suoi contorni con XXII tavole in rame (in Italian). Ranieri Prosperi.
Emanuele Repetti (1845). "Pisa". Dizionario geografico fisico storico della Toscana (in Italian). Vol. Supplement. Florence. pp. 185–191. hdl:2027/hvd.32044021571781.
Giovanni Sforza (1871). Memorie storiche della città di Pisa dal 1838 al 1871 (in Italian). Angelo Valenti.
F. da Scorno (1874). "Principali fatti della storia di Pisa, dall'anno 823 al 1866". Nuova guida di Pisa (in Italian). Giovanni Maria Pizzanelli. (timeline)
"Pisa". Nuova Enciclopedia Italiana (in Italian) (6th ed.). Turin: Unione Tipografico-Editrice Torinese. 1884. hdl:2027/nnc1.cu08476845.
"Pisa". Ligúria, Toscana settentrionale, Emília. Guida d'Italia (in Italian). Milan: Touring Club Italiano. 1916. p. 267+. hdl:2027/wu.89003452653.
"Pisa", Enciclopedia Italiana, 1935
A. R. Masetti. Pisa storia urbana (Pisa, 1964)
L. Nuti. Pisa progetto e città, 1814–1865 (Pisa, 1986)
Gino dell'Ira (1987). Teatri di Pisa (1773-1986) (in Italian).
E. Tolaini. Pisa (Rome, and Bari, 1992)
P. L. Rupi and A. Martinelli. Pisa: Storia urbanistica (Ospedaletto, 1997)