2022 United States Senate elections

Alaska election
← 2016 2028 →
	Murkowski: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%; Tshibaka: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
U.S. senator before election; Lisa Murkowski; Republican	Elected U.S. senator ; Lisa Murkowski; Republican

Alabama election
← 2016 2028 →
	County results; Britt: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% >90%; Boyd: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
U.S. senator before election; Richard Shelby; Republican	Elected U.S. senator ; Katie Britt; Republican

2022 United States Senate elections
35 of the 100 seats in the United States Senate; 51 seats needed for a majority
	Results of the elections:; Democratic gain; Democratic hold Republican hold; No election Rectangular inset (Oklahoma): both seats up for election
Majority Leader before election; Chuck Schumer; Democratic	Elected Majority Leader ; Chuck Schumer; Democratic

The 2022 United States Senate elections were held on November 8, 2022, concurrently with other midterm elections at the federal, state, and local levels. Regularly scheduled elections were held for 34 of the 100 seats in the U.S. Senate, the winners of which will serve 6-year terms beginning with the 118th United States Congress. 2 special elections were held to complete unexpired terms. While pundits considered the Republican Party a slight favorite to gain control of the Senate, the Democrats outperformed expectations and expanded the majority they had held since 2021,^[2]^[3] gaining a seat for a functioning 51–49 majority.

Senators are divided into 3 classes whose terms are staggered so that a different class is elected every other year. All 34 Class 3 Senate seats, last elected in 2016, were up for election in 2022. Before the elections, Class 3 consisted of 14 Democrats and 20 Republicans. Special elections were concurrently held in California, to fill Vice President Kamala Harris's unexpired Senate term ending in 2022,^[4] and in Oklahoma, to fill the remaining 4 years of Jim Inhofe's unexpired term.^[5] 5 Republican senators and 1 Democratic senator; 15 Republicans and 13 Democrats ran for re-election. Before the elections, Democrats had held a majority in the Senate since January 20, 2021. There were 48 Democratic and 2 Independent senators who caucused with them; Harris's tie-breaking vote as vice president gave Democrats control of the chamber.^[2]

While Republicans appeared slightly favored in several competitive races, a red wave election did not materialize.^[6]^[7]^[8] Democrats gained a seat, in Pennsylvania where Democrat John Fetterman won the election to succeed retiring Republican Pat Toomey.^[9] All incumbents won re-election, and all other open seats besides Pennsylvania were held by the same party as the retiring senator. For the first time since the ratification of the 17th Amendment, no incumbent lost a U.S. Senate primary or general election.^[10]^[f]

The better-than-expected performance of Democrats has been attributed to several factors,^[11] including the issue of abortion after Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization,^[12] the role of Donald Trump, and alleged extremism or election denialism among Republicans.^[13]^[14]^[15] The 2022 election cycle was the first time in U.S. history in which multiple Senate races in the same year were contested between two Black nominees (Georgia and South Carolina).^[16]^[g]

Partisan composition

All 34 Class 3 senators were up for election in 2022; before Election Day, Class 3 consisted of 14 Democrats and 20 Republicans, including a seat in California held by an interim appointee up for a special election. Additionally, a special election was held for a Class 2 seat in Oklahoma. Of the senators not up for election, 34 were Democrats, 29 were Republicans, and 2 were Independents who caucused with the Senate Democrats.^[2]

In recent cycles, partisanship in Senate elections has much more closely matched partisanship in presidential elections, and the number of senators representing states won recently by presidential candidates of the opposite party has dwindled. In 2018, Democrats were defending 10 seats in states that Donald Trump won in the 2016 U.S. presidential election,^[h] while Republicans held only one seat in a state that Hillary Clinton won in 2016 (Nevada, which Democrats flipped). In contrast, Democrats in this cycle held no seats in states that Trump won in the 2020 U.S. presidential election, while Republicans were defending only two seats in states Joe Biden won in 2020 (Pennsylvania, which Democrats flipped, and Wisconsin, which Republicans narrowly held).^[2]

Democrats had held a majority in the Senate since January 20, 2021, following the party's twin victories in the run-offs for Georgia's regular and special 2020–2021 Senate elections, and the inauguration of Harris as vice president. While many pundits believed Republicans had a strong chance to flip control of the chamber, a red wave election did not materialize.^[6]^[7]^[8] Instead, Democrats performed better than expected in many states, including Pennsylvania, New Hampshire, and Ohio.^[2]^[17]^[18] In Colorado, where some Republican strategists hoped for a competitive race, Michael Bennet won re-election handily, and in New Hampshire, another hopeful Republican target, Maggie Hassan ran ahead of Biden's 2020 margin in the state.^[17]^[18] Democrats also beat expectations in Rust Belt states; although Tim Ryan lost in Ohio, his performance in the race had a coattail effect that boosted Democrats in competitive House districts in the state,^[19] and in Pennsylvania, where John Fetterman defeated Trump-endorsee Mehmet Oz, vulnerable House Democrats also benefitted from strong Democratic performance at the top of the ticket.^[20] Fetterman improved upon Biden's 2020 results from white voters without a college degree.^[21] In Georgia's first round, Raphael Warnock improved upon his margin from 2020–2021 and finished first,^[2] before winning by 3 percentage points in the December runoff.^[22]

Democrats' strong performance has been attributed to, among other factors,^[11] backlash to abortion-rights restrictions following the U.S. Supreme Court's June 2022 decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization that overturned Roe v. Wade,^[12] negative reaction to Republican extremism and election denialism,^[14]^[15] better candidate quality among Democrats than Republicans,^[13] and youth turnout and vote splitting in key races.^[23]^[24] Some Republicans blamed Trump for the party's underwhelming showing, citing the underperformance of candidates he endorsed such as Herschel Walker in Georgia and Oz in Pennsylvania.^[25]^[26]^[27] Democrats won full terms in the Class 3 Senate seats in Arizona and Pennsylvania for the first time since the 1962 elections.

The 2022 election cycle was the first time since the 2006 Senate elections that Democrats made net gains in a midterm year, and the 2022 cycle tied with the 1990 elections for the lowest number of party flips, at only 1 seat each. This was only the third election in U.S. history (after 1914 and 1934) where the opposition party failed to flip any Senate seats. It is the most recent election cycle in which the president's party gained Senate seats and simultaneously lost House seats in a midterm, which also occurred in 1914, 1962, 1970, and 2018; it was the first midterm in which Democrats did so since 1962.^[28] It was a historically good cycle for incumbents;^[29] it was the first time ever since the ratification of the 17th Amendment, which mandated the popular election of U.S. senators, in which no incumbents were defeated for either a primary or general election.^[10]^[f] Maggie Hassan (New Hampshire), Ron Johnson (Wisconsin), Mark Kelly (Arizona), Catherine Cortez-Masto (Nevada), Lisa Murkowski (Alaska), and Warnock (Georgia) faced competitive races but were all re-elected.^[2]^[3]

Summary results

Seats

Parties		Democratic	Independent	Republican	Total
Parties					Total
Last elections (2020)		48	2	50	100
Before these elections		48	2	50	100
Not up		34	2	29	65
	Class 1 (2018→2024)	21	2	10	33
	Class 2 (2020→2026)	13	0	19	32

Up		14^[i]	0	21	35
	Class 3 (2016→2022)	14	0	20	34
	Special: Class 2 & 3	1	—	1	2

General election
Incumbent retiring		1	—	5	6
	Held by same party	1	—	4	5
	Replaced by other party	1 Republican replaced by 1 Democrat			1
	Result	2	—	4	6
Incumbent running		13^[i]	—	15	28
	Won re-election	13	—	15	28
	Lost re-election	—	—	—	—
	Result	13	—	15	28

Special elections
Incumbent resigning		—	—	1^[j]	1
Appointee running		1^[i]	—	—	1
	Individuals elected	1	–	1	2
	Result	1	–	1	2

Result		49	2	49	100

Votes

National results^[30]
Parties		Votes	%	Seats

Parties		Votes	%	Total before	Up	Won	Total after	+/-
	Democratic	46,208,845	49.95	48	14	15	49	1
	Republican	43,850,241	47.40	50	21	20	49	1
	Libertarian	711,078	0.77	0	0	0	0
	Independent	686,281	0.74	2	0	0	2
	Green	87,964	0.10	0	0	0	0
	Constitution	23,108	0.02	0	0	0	0
	Other parties	904,848	0.98	0	0	0	0
	Write-in	35,037	0.04	0	0	0	0

Total		92,507,402	100.00	100	35	35	100

Closest races

Races that had a margin of victory under 10%:

State	Party of winner	Margin
Nevada	Democratic	0.78%
Wisconsin	Republican	1.00%
Georgia	Democratic	2.80%^[k]
North Carolina	Republican	3.23%
Arizona	Democratic	4.88%
Pennsylvania	Democratic (flip)	4.91%
Ohio	Republican	6.12%
Alaska	Republican	7.41%^[l]
New Hampshire	Democratic	9.15%

Change in composition

Each block represents one of the one hundred seats in the U.S. Senate. "D_#" is a Democratic senator, "I_#" is an independent senator, and "R_#" is a Republican senator. They are arranged so the parties are separated and a majority is clear by crossing the middle.

Before the elections

Each block indicates an incumbent senator's actions going into the election.

D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅	D₆	D₇	D₈	D₉	D₁₀
D₂₀	D₁₉	D₁₈	D₁₇	D₁₆	D₁₅	D₁₄	D₁₃	D₁₂	D₁₁
D₂₁	D₂₂	D₂₃	D₂₄	D₂₅	D₂₆	D₂₇	D₂₈	D₂₉	D₃₀
D₄₀ Hawaii Ran	D₃₉ Ga. Ran	D₃₈ Conn. Ran	D₃₇ Colo. Ran	D₃₆ Calif. Ran^[m]	D₃₅ Ariz. (cl. 3) Ran	D₃₄	D₃₃	D₃₂	D₃₁
D₄₁ Ill. Ran	D₄₂ Md. Ran	D₄₃ Nev. Ran	D₄₄ N.H. Ran	D₄₅ N.Y. Ran	D₄₆ Ore. Ran	D₄₇ Vt. Retired	D₄₈ Wash. Ran	I₁	I₂
Majority (with independents and vice president) ↑									I₂
R₄₁ N.C. Retired	R₄₂ N.D. Ran	R₄₃ Ohio Retired	R₄₄ Okla. (reg) Ran	R₄₅ Okla. (sp) Resigned	R₄₆ Pa. Retired	R₄₇ S.C. Ran	R₄₈ S.D. Ran	R₄₉ Utah Ran	R₅₀ Wisc. Ran
R₄₀ Mo. Retired	R₃₉ La. Ran	R₃₈ Ky. Ran	R₃₇ Kans. Ran	R₃₆ Iowa Ran	R₃₅ Ind. Ran	R₃₄ Idaho Ran	R₃₃ Fla. Ran	R₃₂ Ark. Ran	R₃₁ Alaska Ran
R₂₁	R₂₂	R₂₃	R₂₄	R₂₅	R₂₆	R₂₇	R₂₈	R₂₉	R₃₀ Ala. Retired
R₂₀	R₁₉	R₁₈	R₁₇	R₁₆	R₁₅	R₁₄	R₁₃	R₁₂	R₁₁
R₁	R₂	R₃	R₄	R₅	R₆	R₇	R₈	R₉	R₁₀

After the elections

D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅	D₆	D₇	D₈	D₉	D₁₀
D₂₀	D₁₉	D₁₈	D₁₇	D₁₆	D₁₅	D₁₄	D₁₃	D₁₂	D₁₁
D₂₁	D₂₂	D₂₃	D₂₄	D₂₅	D₂₆	D₂₇	D₂₈	D₂₉	D₃₀
D₄₀ Hawaii Re-elected	D₃₉ Ga. Re-elected	D₃₈ Conn. Re-elected	D₃₇ Colo. Re-elected	D₃₆ Calif. Elected^[n]	D₃₅ Ariz. (cl. 3) Re-elected	D₃₄	D₃₃	D₃₂	D₃₁
D₄₁ Ill. Re-elected	D₄₂ Md. Re-elected	D₄₃ Nev. Re-elected	D₄₄ N.H. Re-elected	D₄₅ N.Y. Re-elected	D₄₆ Ore. Re-elected	D₄₇ Vt. Hold	D₄₈ Wash. Re-elected	D₄₉ Pa. Gain	I₁
Majority (with independents) ↑									I₁
R₄₁ N.C. Hold	R₄₂ N.D. Re-elected	R₄₃ Ohio Hold	R₄₄ Okla. (reg) Re-elected	R₄₅ Okla. (sp) Hold	R₄₆ S.C. Re-elected	R₄₇ S.D. Re-elected	R₄₈ Utah Re-elected	R₄₉ Wisc. Re-elected	I₂
R₄₀ Mo. Hold	R₃₉ La. Re-elected	R₃₈ Ky. Re-elected	R₃₇ Kans. Re-elected	R₃₆ Iowa Re-elected	R₃₅ Ind. Re-elected	R₃₄ Idaho Re-elected	R₃₃ Fla. Re-elected	R₃₂ Ark. Re-elected	R₃₁ Alaska Re-elected
R₂₁	R₂₂	R₂₃	R₂₄	R₂₅	R₂₆	R₂₇	R₂₈	R₂₉	R₃₀ Ala. Hold
R₂₀	R₁₉	R₁₈	R₁₇	R₁₆	R₁₅	R₁₄	R₁₃	R₁₂	R₁₁
R₁	R₂	R₃	R₄	R₅	R₆	R₇	R₈	R₉	R₁₀

Beginning of the first session

D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅	D₆	D₇	D₈	D₉	D₁₀
D₂₀	D₁₉	D₁₈	D₁₇	D₁₆	D₁₅	D₁₄	D₁₃	D₁₂	D₁₁
D₂₁	D₂₂	D₂₃	D₂₄	D₂₅	D₂₆	D₂₇	D₂₈	D₂₉	D₃₀
D₄₀	D₃₉	D₃₈	D₃₇	D₃₆	D₃₅	D₃₄	D₃₃	D₃₂	D₃₁
D₄₁	D₄₂	D₄₃	D₄₄	D₄₅	D₄₆	D₄₇	D₄₈	I₁	I₂
Majority (with independents) ↑									I₂
R₄₁	R₄₂	R₄₃	R₄₄	R₄₅	R₄₆	R₄₇	R₄₈	R₄₉	I₃ Ariz. (cl. 1) Changed^[d]
R₄₀	R₃₉	R₃₈	R₃₇	R₃₆	R₃₅	R₃₄	R₃₃	R₃₂	R₃₁
R₂₁	R₂₂	R₂₃	R₂₄	R₂₅	R₂₆	R₂₇	R₂₈	R₂₉	R₃₀
R₂₀	R₁₉	R₁₈	R₁₇	R₁₆	R₁₅	R₁₄	R₁₃	R₁₂	R₁₁
R₁	R₂	R₃	R₄	R₅	R₆	R₇	R₈	R₉	R₁₀

Key:

D_#	Democratic
R_#	Republican
I_#	Independent, caucusing with Democrats

Final pre-election predictions

Several sites and individuals publish predictions of competitive seats. These predictions look at factors such as the strength of the incumbent (if the incumbent is running for re-election) and the other candidates and the state's partisan lean (reflected in part by the state's Cook Partisan Voting Index rating). The predictions assign ratings to each seat, indicating the predicted advantage that a party had in winning that seat. Most election predictors use:

"tossup" / "battleground": no advantage
"tilt" (used by some predictors): minimal, smallest advantage
"lean": slight advantage
"likely": significant, but surmountable, advantage
"safe" or "solid": near-certain chance of victory

Constituency		Incumbent		2022 election ratings
State	PVI^[31]	Senator	Last election^[o]	Cook Nov 7, 2022^[32]	IE Nov 3, 2022^[33]	Sabato Nov 7, 2022^[34]	CBS Oct 25, 2022^[35]	Politico Nov 3, 2022^[36]	RCP Nov 5, 2022^[37]	Fox Nov 1, 2022^[38]	DDHQ Nov 5, 2022^[39]	538^[p] Nov 7, 2022^[40]	Econ. Nov 7, 2022^[41]	Result^[42]
Alabama	R+15	Richard Shelby (retiring)	64.0% R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R	Likely R	Solid R	Safe R	Solid R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R	Britt 66.6% R
Alaska	R+8	Lisa Murkowski	44.4% R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R	Likely R	Solid R	Safe R	Solid R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R	Murkowski 53.7% R
Arizona	R+2	Mark Kelly	51.2% D (2020 sp.)^[q]	Tossup	Tilt D	Lean D	Tossup	Tossup	Tossup	Tossup	Lean D	Lean D	Lean D	Kelly 51.4% D
Arkansas	R+16	John Boozman	59.8% R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R	Likely R	Solid R	Safe R	Solid R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R	Boozman 65.7% R
California^[m]	D+13	Alex Padilla	Appointed (2021)^[r]	Solid D	Solid D	Safe D	Likely D	Solid D	Safe D	Solid D	Solid D	Solid D	Safe D	Padilla 61.1% D
Colorado	D+4	Michael Bennet	50.0% D	Lean D	Likely D	Likely D	Lean D	Lean D	Tossup	Lean D	Lean D	Likely D	Likely D	Bennet 55.9% D
Connecticut	D+7	Richard Blumenthal	63.2% D	Solid D	Solid D	Safe D	Likely D	Likely D	Lean D	Likely D	Solid D	Solid D	Safe D	Blumenthal 57.5% D
Florida	R+3	Marco Rubio	52.0% R	Likely R	Likely R	Likely R	Lean R	Lean R	Lean R	Likely R	Likely R	Solid R	Likely R	Rubio 57.7% R
Georgia	R+3	Raphael Warnock	51.0% D (2021 sp. run-off)^[s]	Tossup	Tossup	Lean R (flip)	Tossup	Tossup	Tossup	Tossup	Tossup	Lean R (flip)	Tossup	Warnock 51.4% D^[t]
Hawaii	D+14	Brian Schatz	73.6% D	Solid D	Solid D	Safe D	Likely D	Solid D	Safe D	Solid D	Solid D	Solid D	Safe D	Schatz 71.2% D
Idaho	R+18	Mike Crapo	66.1% R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R	Likely R	Solid R	Safe R	Solid R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R	Crapo 60.7% R
Illinois	D+7	Tammy Duckworth	54.9% D	Solid D	Solid D	Safe D	Likely D	Solid D	Likely D	Solid D	Solid D	Solid D	Safe D	Duckworth 56.8% D
Indiana	R+11	Todd Young	52.1% R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R	Likely R	Solid R	Safe R	Solid R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R	Young 58.6% R
Iowa	R+6	Chuck Grassley	60.1% R	Solid R	Likely R	Likely R	Likely R	Likely R	Likely R	Likely R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R	Grassley 56.0% R
Kansas	R+10	Jerry Moran	62.2% R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R	Likely R	Solid R	Safe R	Solid R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R	Moran 60.0% R
Kentucky	R+16	Rand Paul	57.3% R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R	Likely R	Solid R	Safe R	Solid R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R	Paul 61.8% R
Louisiana	R+12	John Kennedy	60.7% R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R	Likely R	Solid R	Safe R	Solid R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R	Kennedy 61.6% R
Maryland	D+14	Chris Van Hollen	60.9% D	Solid D	Solid D	Safe D	Likely D	Solid D	Safe D	Solid D	Solid D	Solid D	Safe D	Van Hollen 65.8% D
Missouri	R+10	Roy Blunt (retiring)	49.2% R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R	Likely R	Likely R	Likely R	Solid R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R	Schmitt 55.4% R
Nevada	R+1	Catherine Cortez Masto	47.1% D	Tossup	Tossup	Lean D	Tossup	Tossup	Tossup	Tossup	Tossup	Tossup	Lean R (flip)	Cortez Masto 48.8% D
New Hampshire	D+1	Maggie Hassan	48.0% D	Lean D	Tilt D	Lean D	Lean D	Tossup	Tossup	Lean D	Lean D	Lean D	Lean D	Hassan 53.5% D
New York	D+10	Chuck Schumer	70.6% D	Solid D	Solid D	Safe D	Likely D	Solid D	Likely D	Solid D	Solid D	Solid D	Safe D	Schumer 56.8% D
North Carolina	R+3	Richard Burr (retiring)	51.1% R	Lean R	Tilt R	Lean R	Lean R	Lean R	Lean R	Lean R	Lean R	Likely R	Lean R	Budd 50.5% R
North Dakota	R+20	John Hoeven	78.5% R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R	Likely R	Solid R	Safe R	Solid R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R	Hoeven 56.4% R
Ohio	R+6	Rob Portman (retiring)	58.0% R	Lean R	Lean R	Lean R	Lean R	Lean R	Lean R	Lean R	Likely R	Likely R	Lean R	Vance 53.0% R
Oklahoma (regular)	R+20	James Lankford	67.7% R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R	Likely R	Solid R	Safe R	Solid R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R	Lankford 64.3% R
Oklahoma (special)	R+20	Jim Inhofe (resigning)	62.9% R (2020)	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R	Likely R	Solid R	Safe R	Solid R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R	Mullin 61.8% R
Oregon	D+6	Ron Wyden	56.6% D	Solid D	Solid D	Safe D	Likely D	Solid D	Safe D	Solid D	Solid D	Solid D	Safe D	Wyden 55.8% D
Pennsylvania	R+2	Pat Toomey (retiring)	48.8% R	Tossup	Tossup	Lean R	Tossup	Tossup	Tossup	Tossup	Tossup	Tossup	Tossup	Fetterman 51.2% D (flip)
South Carolina	R+8	Tim Scott	60.6% R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R	Likely R	Solid R	Safe R	Solid R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R	Scott 62.9% R
South Dakota	R+16	John Thune	71.8% R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R	Likely R	Solid R	Safe R	Solid R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R	Thune 69.6% R
Utah	R+13	Mike Lee	68.2% R	Likely R	Likely R	Likely R	Likely R	Likely R	Likely R	Likely R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R	Lee 53.2% R
Vermont	D+16	Patrick Leahy (retiring)	61.3% D	Solid D	Solid D	Safe D	Likely D	Solid D	Safe D	Solid D	Solid D	Solid D	Safe D	Welch 67.3% D
Washington	D+8	Patty Murray	58.8% D	Likely D	Likely D	Likely D	Likely D	Lean D	Tossup	Likely D	Likely D	Likely D	Likely D	Murray 57.2% D
Wisconsin	R+2	Ron Johnson	50.2% R	Lean R	Tilt R	Lean R	Tossup	Tossup	Tossup	Lean R	Likely R	Likely R	Likely R	Johnson 50.4% R
Overall^[u]				D – 47 R – 49 4 tossups	D – 48 R – 49 3 tossups	D – 49 R – 51 0 tossups	D – 47 R – 48 5 tossups	D – 47 R – 48 5 tossups	D – 44 R – 48 8 tossups	D – 47 R – 49 4 tossups	D – 48 R – 49 3 tossups	D – 48 R – 50 2 tossups	D – 48 R – 50 2 tossups	Results: D – 51 R – 49

Gains and holds

One Democrat and five Republicans retired instead of seeking re-election.

Retirements

State	Senator	Replaced by	Ref
Alabama	Richard Shelby	Katie Britt	^[43]
Missouri	Roy Blunt	Eric Schmitt	^[44]
North Carolina	Richard Burr	Ted Budd	^[45]
Ohio	Rob Portman	JD Vance	^[46]
Pennsylvania	Pat Toomey	John Fetterman	^[47]
Vermont	Patrick Leahy	Peter Welch	^[48]

Resignations

One Republican resigned two years into his six-year term.

State	Senator	Replaced by	Ref
Oklahoma (special)	Jim Inhofe	Markwayne Mullin	^[49]

Post-election changes

One Democrat switched to Independent before the start of the 118th Congress on December 9, 2022. One Republican resigned on January 8, 2023, and was replaced by a Republican appointee. One Democrat died on September 29, 2023, and was replaced by a Democratic appointee. One Democrat switched to Independent on May 31, 2024. One Democrat resigned on August 20, 2024, and was replaced by a Democratic appointee.

State	Senator	Replaced by	Ref
Arizona (Class 1)	Kyrsten Sinema	Kyrsten Sinema	^[50]
Nebraska (Class 2)	Ben Sasse	Pete Ricketts	^[51]^[52]
California (Class 1)	Dianne Feinstein	Laphonza Butler	^[53]^[54]
West Virginia (Class 1)	Joe Manchin	Joe Manchin	^[55]
New Jersey (Class 1)	Bob Menendez	George Helmy	^[56]

Race summary

Special elections during the preceding Congress

In each special election, the winner's term can begin immediately after their election is certified by their state's government. In cases where a resignation has been previously announced, the new senator's term can begin once the previous senator's resignation is submitted officially.

Elections are sorted by date, then state.

State (linked to summaries below)	Incumbent			Status	Candidates^[57]
State (linked to summaries below)	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Status	Candidates^[57]
California (Class 3)	Alex Padilla	Democratic	2021 (appointed)	Interim appointee elected. Winner also elected to the next term; see below.	▌Y Alex Padilla (Democratic) 60.9% ▌Mark Meuser (Republican) 39.1%
Oklahoma (Class 2)	Jim Inhofe	Republican	1994 (special) 1996 2002 2008 2014 2020	Incumbent resigned January 3, 2023.^[49] New senator elected. Republican hold.	▌Y Markwayne Mullin (Republican) 61.8% ▌Kendra Horn (Democratic) 35.2% ▌Robert Murphy (Libertarian) 1.5% ▌Ray Woods (Independent) 1.5%

Elections leading to the next Congress

In these general elections, the winners will be elected for the term beginning January 3, 2023.

State (linked to summaries below)	Incumbent			Status	Major candidates^[v]^[57]
State (linked to summaries below)	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Status	Major candidates^[v]^[57]
Alabama	Richard Shelby	Republican	1986^[w] 1992 1998 2004 2010 2016	Incumbent retired.^[58] New senator elected. Republican hold.	▌Y Katie Britt (Republican) 66.6% ▌Will Boyd (Democratic) 30.9% ▌John Sophocleus (Libertarian) 2.3%
Alaska	Lisa Murkowski	Republican	2002 (appointed) 2004 2010 (write-in) 2016	Incumbent re-elected.	First round: ▌Y Lisa Murkowski (Republican) 43.4% ▌Y Kelly Tshibaka (Republican) 42.6% ▌Patricia Chesbro (Democratic) 10.4% ▌Buzz Kelley (Republican) 2.9% Instant runoff: ▌Y Lisa Murkowski (Republican) 53.7% ▌Kelly Tshibaka (Republican) 46.3%
Arizona	Mark Kelly	Democratic	2020 (special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Mark Kelly (Democratic) 51.4% ▌Blake Masters (Republican) 46.5% ▌Marc Victor (Libertarian) 2.1%
Arkansas	John Boozman	Republican	2010 2016	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Boozman (Republican) 65.8% ▌Natalie James (Democratic) 31.0% ▌Kenneth Cates (Libertarian) 3.2%
California	Alex Padilla	Democratic	2021 (appointed)	Interim appointee elected. Winner also elected to finish the term; see above.	▌Y Alex Padilla (Democratic) 61.1% ▌Mark Meuser (Republican) 38.9%
Colorado	Michael Bennet	Democratic	2009 (appointed) 2010 2016	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Michael Bennet (Democratic) 55.9% ▌Joe O'Dea (Republican) 41.3% Others ▌Brian Peotter (Libertarian) 1.7% ▌T. J. Cole (Unity) 0.7% ▌Frank Atwood (Approval Voting) 0.5%
Connecticut	Richard Blumenthal	Democratic	2010 2016	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Richard Blumenthal (Democratic) 57.5% ▌Leora Levy (Republican) 42.5%
Florida	Marco Rubio	Republican	2010 2016	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Marco Rubio (Republican) 57.7% ▌Val Demings (Democratic) 41.3% Others ▌Dennis Misigoy (Libertarian) 0.4% ▌Steven B. Grant (Independent) 0.4% ▌Tuan Nguyen (Independent) 0.2%
Georgia	Raphael Warnock	Democratic	2021 (special)	Incumbent re-elected in runoff.	First round: ▌Y Raphael Warnock (Democratic) 49.4% ▌Y Herschel Walker (Republican) 48.5% ▌Chase Oliver (Libertarian) 2.1% Runoff: ▌Y Raphael Warnock (Democratic) 51.4% ▌Herschel Walker (Republican) 48.6%
Hawaii	Brian Schatz	Democratic	2012 (appointed) 2014 (special) 2016	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Brian Schatz (Democratic) 71.2% ▌Bob McDermott (Republican) 26.0% Others ▌Feena Bonoan (Libertarian) 1.2% ▌Emma Pohlman (Green) 1.0% ▌Dan Decker (Aloha ʻĀina) 0.5%
Idaho	Mike Crapo	Republican	1998 2004 2010 2016	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Mike Crapo (Republican) 60.7% ▌David Roth (Democratic) 28.7% ▌Scott Cleveland (Independent) 8.5% ▌Ray Writz (Constitution) 1.4% ▌Idaho Sierra Law (Libertarian) 0.7%
Illinois	Tammy Duckworth	Democratic	2016	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Tammy Duckworth (Democratic) 56.8% ▌Kathy Salvi (Republican) 41.5% ▌Bill Redpath (Libertarian) 1.7%
Indiana	Todd Young	Republican	2016	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Todd Young (Republican) 58.6% ▌Thomas McDermott Jr. (Democratic) 37.9% ▌James Sceniak (Libertarian) 3.4%
Iowa	Chuck Grassley	Republican	1980 1986 1992 1998 2004 2010 2016	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Chuck Grassley (Republican) 56.0% ▌Michael Franken (Democratic) 43.8%
Kansas	Jerry Moran	Republican	2010 2016	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jerry Moran (Republican) 60.0% ▌Mark Holland (Democratic) 37.0% ▌David Graham (Libertarian) 3.0%
Kentucky	Rand Paul	Republican	2010 2016	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Rand Paul (Republican) 61.8% ▌Charles Booker (Democratic) 38.2%
Louisiana	John Kennedy	Republican	2016	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Kennedy (Republican) 61.6% ▌Gary Chambers (Democratic) 17.9% ▌Luke Mixon (Democratic) 13.2% Others ▌Syrita Steib (Democratic) 2.3% ▌Devin Graham (Republican) 1.8% ▌Vinny Mendoza (Democratic) 0.9% ▌Beryl Billiot (Independent) 0.7% ▌Salvador Rodriguez (Democratic) 0.6% ▌Bradley McMorris (Independent) 0.4% ▌Aaron Sigler (Libertarian) 0.4% ▌Xan John (Independent) 0.2% ▌Thomas La Fontaine Olson (Independent) 0.1% ▌Thomas Wenn (Independent) 0.1%
Maryland	Chris Van Hollen	Democratic	2016	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Chris Van Hollen (Democratic) 65.8% ▌Chris Chaffee (Republican) 34.2%
Missouri	Roy Blunt	Republican	2010 2016	Incumbent retired.^[59] New senator elected. Republican hold.	▌Y Eric Schmitt (Republican) 55.4% ▌Trudy Busch Valentine (Democratic) 42.2% ▌Jonathan Dine (Libertarian) 1.7% ▌Paul Venable (Constitution) 0.7%
Nevada	Catherine Cortez Masto	Democratic	2016	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Catherine Cortez Masto (Democratic) 48.8% ▌Adam Laxalt (Republican) 48.0% Others ▌None of These Candidates 1.2% ▌Barry Linderman (Independent) 0.8% ▌Neil Scott (Libertarian) 0.6% ▌Barry Rubinson (Independent American) 0.5%
New Hampshire	Maggie Hassan	Democratic	2016	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Maggie Hassan (Democratic) 53.6% ▌Don Bolduc (Republican) 44.4% ▌Jeremy Kauffman (Libertarian) 2.0%
New York	Chuck Schumer	Democratic	1998 2004 2010 2016	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Chuck Schumer (Democratic) 56.8% ▌Joe Pinion (Republican) 42.8% ▌Diane Sare (LaRouche) 0.5%
North Carolina	Richard Burr	Republican	2004 2010 2016	Incumbent retired.^[60] New senator elected. Republican hold.	▌Y Ted Budd (Republican) 50.5% ▌Cheri Beasley (Democratic) 47.3% ▌Shannon Bray (Libertarian) 1.4% ▌Matthew Hoh (Green) 0.8%
North Dakota	John Hoeven	Republican	2010 2016	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Hoeven (Republican) 56.4% ▌Katrina Christiansen (Democratic–NPL) 25.0% ▌Rick Becker (Independent) 18.5%
Ohio	Rob Portman	Republican	2010 2016	Incumbent retired.^[61] New senator elected. Republican hold.	▌Y JD Vance (Republican) 53.0% ▌Tim Ryan (Democratic) 46.9%
Oklahoma	James Lankford	Republican	2014 (special) 2016	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y James Lankford (Republican) 64.3% ▌Madison Horn (Democratic) 32.1% ▌Michael Delaney (Independent) 1.8% ▌Kenneth Blevins (Libertarian) 1.8%
Oregon	Ron Wyden	Democratic	1996 (special) 1998 2004 2010 2016	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Ron Wyden (Democratic) 55.9% ▌Jo Rae Perkins (Republican) 41.0% ▌Chris Henry (Progressive) 1.9% ▌Dan Pulju (Pacific Green) 1.2%
Pennsylvania	Pat Toomey	Republican	2010 2016	Incumbent retired.^[62] New senator elected. Democratic gain.	▌Y John Fetterman (Democratic) 51.2% ▌Mehmet Oz (Republican) 46.3% Others ▌Erik Gerhardt (Libertarian) 1.4% ▌Richard Weiss (Green) 0.6% ▌Daniel Wassmer (Keystone) 0.5%
South Carolina	Tim Scott	Republican	2013 (appointed) 2014 (special) 2016	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Tim Scott (Republican) 62.9% ▌Krystle Matthews (Democratic) 37.0%
South Dakota	John Thune	Republican	2004 2010 2016	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Thune (Republican) 69.6% ▌Brian Bengs (Democratic) 26.2% ▌Tamara Lesnar (Libertarian) 4.2%
Utah	Mike Lee	Republican	2010 2016	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Mike Lee (Republican) 53.1% ▌Evan McMullin (Independent) 42.8% ▌James Hansen (Libertarian) 2.9% ▌Tommy Williams (Independent American) 1.1%
Vermont	Patrick Leahy	Democratic	1974 1980 1986 1992 1998 2004 2010 2016	Incumbent retired.^[48] New senator elected. Democratic hold.	▌Y Peter Welch (Democratic) 68.5% ▌Gerald Malloy (Republican) 28.1% Others ▌Dawn Ellis (Independent) 1.0% ▌Natasha Diamondstone-Kohout (GMPJP) 0.5% ▌Kerry Raheb (Independent) 0.5% ▌Mark Coester (Independent) 0.4% ▌Stephen Duke (Independent) 0.4% ▌Cris Ericson (Independent) 0.4%
Washington	Patty Murray	Democratic	1992 1998 2004 2010 2016	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Patty Murray (Democratic) 57.2% ▌Tiffany Smiley (Republican) 42.6%
Wisconsin	Ron Johnson	Republican	2010 2016	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Ron Johnson (Republican) 50.4% ▌Mandela Barnes (Democratic) 49.4%

Alabama

Six-term Republican Richard Shelby was re-elected in 2016 with 64% of the vote. On February 8, 2021, Shelby announced that he would not seek re-election to a seventh term.^[63] Katie Britt, Shelby's former chief of staff,^[64] and Mo Brooks, a six-term U.S. representative, finished ahead of businesswoman Karla DuPriest, former Army pilot and author Michael Durant, and author Jake Schafer in the first round of the Republican primary election, with Britt going on to defeat Brooks in a runoff.^[65] Perennial candidate Will Boyd^[66] defeated former Brighton mayor Brandaun Dean^[67] and Lanny Jackson^[68]^[69] in the Democratic primary. Britt won the Senate election, becoming the first woman elected to the United States Senate from Alabama.^[70]

Alabama Republican primary^[71]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Katie Britt	289,425	44.75
	Republican	Mo Brooks	188,539	29.15
	Republican	Michael Durant	150,817	23.32
	Republican	Jake Schafer	7,371	1.14
	Republican	Karla DuPriest	5,739	0.89
	Republican	Lillie Boddie	4,849	0.75
Total votes			646,740	100.00

Alabama Republican primary runoff^[71]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Katie Britt	253,251	63.02
	Republican	Mo Brooks	148,636	36.98
Total votes			401,887	100.00

Alabama Democratic primary^[71]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Will Boyd	107,588	63.72
	Democratic	Brandaun Dean	32,863	19.46
	Democratic	Lanny Jackson	28,402	16.82
Total votes			168,853	100.00

Alabama general election^[72]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Katie Britt	942,154	66.62%	+2.66
	Democratic	Will Boyd	436,746	30.88%	−4.99
	Libertarian	John Sophocleus	32,879	2.32%	N/A
	Write-in		2,459	0.17%	±0.00
Total votes			1,414,238	100.0%
	Republican hold

Alaska

Three-term Republican Lisa Murkowski was re-elected in 2016 with 44.4% of the vote. Alaska voters passed a ballot initiative in 2020 that adopted a new top-four ranked-choice voting system: all candidates compete in a nonpartisan blanket primary, the top four candidates advance to the general election, and the winner is determined by instant-runoff voting using ranked-choice ballots. On March 30, following the Alaska Republican Party's decision to censure senator Murkowski, former Alaska Department of Administration commissioner Kelly Tshibaka announced her campaign against Murkowski, later receiving Donald Trump's endorsement.^[73] Republican governor Mike Dunleavy, who was considered another potential challenger to Murkowski, instead ran for re-election.^[74]

Murkowski, Tshibaka, Republican Buzz Kelley, and Democrat Pat Chesbro advanced to the general election.^[75] Kelley suspended his campaign in September and endorsed Tshibaka, although his name remained on the ballot.^[76]

Murkowski received a slight plurality of the first-choice votes and a majority of all votes following the ranked choice tabulation, winning re-election to a fourth full term.^[57]

Alaska blanket primary^[77]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Lisa Murkowski (incumbent)	85,794	45.05
	Republican	Kelly Tshibaka	73,414	38.55
	Democratic	Patricia Chesboro	12,989	6.82
	Republican	Buzz Kelley	4,055	2.13
	Republican	Pat Nolin	2,004	1.05
	Democratic	Edgar Blatchford	1,981	1.04
	Democratic	Ivan R. Taylor	1,897	1.00
	Republican	Sam Merrill	1,529	0.80
	Libertarian	Sean Thorne	1,399	0.73
	Independent	Shoshana Gungurstein	853	0.45
	Independence	Joe Stephens	805	0.42
	Republican	John Schiess	734	0.39
	Independence	Dustin Darden	649	0.34
	Republican	Kendall L. Shorkey	627	0.33
	Republican	Karl Speights	613	0.32
	Independent	Jeremy Keller	405	0.21
	Independent	Sid Hill	274	0.14
	Independent	Huhnkie Lee	238	0.12
	Independent	Dave Darden	198	0.10
Total votes			190,458	100.00

Alaska general election
	Candidate	Maximum round	Maximum votes	Share in maximum round
Republican	Lisa Murkowski (incumbent)	4	136,330	53.70%
Republican	Kelly Tshibaka	4	117,534	46.30%
Democratic	Pat Chesboro	3	29,134	11.20%
Republican	Buzz Kelley (withdrawn)	2	8,575	3.26%
Write-In		1	2,028	0.77%

Arizona

Arizona election

← 2020 (special)

2028 →


Nominee	Mark Kelly	Blake Masters
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	1,322,027	1,196,308
Percentage	51.4%	46.5%

County results
Kelly: 50–60% 60–70%
Masters: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%

U.S. senator before election

Mark Kelly
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Mark Kelly
Democratic

Incumbent Democrat Mark Kelly took office on December 2, 2020, after winning a special election with 51.2% of the vote.

Six-term senator and 2008 Republican presidential nominee John McCain was re-elected to this seat in 2016. He died on August 25, 2018, and former U.S. senator Jon Kyl was appointed to replace him. Kyl resigned at the end of 2018 and U.S. representative Martha McSally was appointed to replace him. Kelly defeated McSally in the 2020 special election.

In the Republican primary, Blake Masters, the chairman of the Thiel Foundation, defeated Jim Lamon, chair of the solar power company Depcom,^[78] and Arizona Attorney General Mark Brnovich.^[79]

Kelly defeated Masters, winning election to his first full term.^[57]

Arizona Democratic primary^[80]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Mark Kelly (incumbent)	589,400	100.00
Total votes			589,400	100.00

Arizona Republican primary^[80]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Blake Masters	327,198	40.24
	Republican	Jim Lamon	228,467	28.10
	Republican	Mark Brnovich	144,092	17.72
	Republican	Mick McGuire	71,100	8.75
	Republican	Justin Olson	41,985	5.16
	Write-in		226	0.03
Total votes			814,068	100.00

Arizona general election^[81]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Mark Kelly (incumbent)	1,322,027	51.39%	+0.23
	Republican	Blake Masters	1,196,308	46.51%	−2.30
	Libertarian	Marc Victor (withdrawn)	53,762	2.09%	N/A
	Write-in		197	0.01%	−0.02
Total votes			2,572,294	100.0%
	Democratic hold

Arkansas

Arkansas election

← 2016

2028 →


Nominee	John Boozman	Natalie James
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	592,437	280,187
Percentage	65.7%	31.1%

County results
Boozman: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
James: 50–60%

U.S. senator before election

John Boozman
Republican

Elected U.S. senator

John Boozman
Republican

Two-term Republican John Boozman was re-elected in 2016 with 59.8% of the vote. Boozman ran for a third term.^[82]

Boozman defeated former NFL player and U.S. Army veteran Jake Bequette,^[83] gun range owner and 2018 gubernatorial candidate Jan Morgan,^[84] and pastor Heath Loftis^[85] in the Republican primary.^[86] A fourth challenger, corporate analyst Michael Deel withdrew prior to the primary election citing a lack of viability.^[87]

Natalie James, a real estate broker from Little Rock,^[88] defeated Dan Whitfield, who attempted to run as an independent for Arkansas' other U.S. Senate seat in 2020 but failed to meet the ballot access requirements,^[89] and former Pine Bluff City alderman Jack Foster in the Democratic primary.^[90]

Boozman defeated James, winning re-election to a third term.^[57]

Arkansas Republican primary^[91]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	John Boozman (incumbent)	201,677	58.03
	Republican	Jake Bequette	71,809	20.66
	Republican	Jan Morgan	65,958	18.98
	Republican	Heath Loftis	8,112	2.33
Total votes			347,556	100.00

Arkansas Democratic primary^[91]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Natalie James	49,722	54.09
	Democratic	Dan Whitfield	28,319	30.80
	Democratic	Jack Foster	13,891	15.11
Total votes			91,932	100.00

Arkansas general election^[92]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	John Boozman (incumbent)	592,437	65.73%	+5.96
	Democratic	Natalie James	280,187	31.09%	−5.08
	Libertarian	Kenneth Cates	28,682	3.18%	−0.78
Total votes			901,306	100.0%
	Republican hold

California

California election

← 2016

2028 →


Candidate	Alex Padilla	Mark Meuser
Party	Democratic	Republican
Special election	6,559,308 60.9%	4,212,450 39.1%
Regular election	6,621,621 61.1%	4,222,029 38.9%

Padilla: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
Meuser: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%

U.S. senator before election

Alex Padilla
Democratic

Elected U.S. senator

Alex Padilla
Democratic

Incumbent Democrat Alex Padilla took office on January 20, 2021. He was appointed by Governor Gavin Newsom following the resignation of incumbent Democrat Kamala Harris on January 18, 2021, in advance of her swearing-in as Vice President of the United States.^[93]

Due to a rule change, there were two ballot items for the same seat: a general election, to elect a Class 3 senator to a full term beginning with the 118th United States Congress, sworn in on January 3, 2023, and a special election, to fill that seat for the final weeks of the 117th Congress. Padilla ran in both races,^[94] as did the Republican nominee, attorney Mark Meuser. Padilla defeated Meuser in both races, winning election to his first full term.

California blanket primary^[95]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Alex Padilla (incumbent)	3,725,544	54.12
	Republican	Mark Meuser	1,028,374	14.94
	Republican	Cordie Williams	474,321	6.89
	Republican	Jon Elist	289,716	4.21
	Republican	Chuck Smith	266,766	3.88
	Republican	James P. Bradley	235,788	3.43
	Democratic	Douglas Howard Pierce	116,771	1.70
	Peace and Freedom	John Parker	105,477	1.53
	Republican	Sarah Sun Liew	76,994	1.12
	Democratic	Dan O'Dowd	74,916	1.09
	Democratic	Akinyemi Agbede	70,971	1.03
	Republican	Myron L. Hall	66,161	0.96
	Democratic	Timothy J. Urisch	58,348	0.85
	Republican	Robert George Lucero Jr.	53,398	0.78
	Green	Henk Conn	35,983	0.52
	No party preference	Eleanor Garcia	34,625	0.50
	Republican	Carlos Guillermo Tapia	33,870	0.49
	Green	Pamela Elizondo	31,981	0.46
	Republican	Enrique Petris	31,883	0.46
	Democratic	Obaidul Huq Pirjada	27,889	0.41
	No party preference	Daphne Bradford	26,900	0.39
	No party preference	Don J. Grundmann	10,181	0.15
	No party preference	Deon D. Jenkins	6,936	0.10
	Write-in		272	0.00
Total votes			6,884,065	100.00

California general election^[96]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Alex Padilla (incumbent)	6,621,616	61.06%	N/A
	Republican	Mark Meuser	4,222,025	38.94%	N/A
Total votes			10,843,641	100.0%
	Democratic hold

Colorado

Colorado election

← 2016

2028 →


Nominee	Michael Bennet	Joe O'Dea
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	1,397,170	1,031,693
Percentage	55.9%	41.3%

County results
Bennet: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
O'Dea: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%

U.S. senator before election

Michael Bennet
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Michael Bennet
Democratic

Two-term Democrat Michael Bennet took office on January 21, 2009, after being appointed by then Colorado governor Bill Ritter to replace outgoing Democrat Ken Salazar, who was nominated by then President Barack Obama to serve as United States secretary of the interior. He had narrowly won reelection bids, in 2010 to his first full term, with 48.08% of the vote, and, in 2016 to his second, with 49.97% of the vote.

In the Republican primary, construction company owner Joe O'Dea defeated state representative Ron Hanks.^[97]^[98]

Bennet defeated O'Dea, winning election to his third full term.

Colorado Democratic primary^[99]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Michael Bennet (incumbent)	516,985	100.00
Total votes			516,985	100.00

Colorado Republican primary^[99]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Joe O'Dea	345,060	54.44
	Republican	Ron Hanks	288,483	45.51
	Write-In	Daniel Hendricks	302	0.05
Total votes			633,845	100.00

Colorado general election^[100]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Michael Bennet (incumbent)	1,397,170	55.88%	+5.91
	Republican	Joe O'Dea	1,031,693	41.26%	−3.05
	Libertarian	Brian Peotter	43,534	1.74%	−1.88
	Unity	T. J. Cole	16,379	0.66%	+0.32
	Approval Voting	Frank Atwood	11,354	0.45%	N/A
	Write-in		71	0.00%	N/A
Total votes			2,500,201	100.0%
	Democratic hold

Connecticut

Connecticut election

← 2016

2028 →


Nominee	Richard Blumenthal	Leora Levy
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	723,864	535,943
Percentage	57.5%	42.5%

County results
Blumenthal: 50–60% 60–70%
Levy: 50–60%

U.S. senator before election

Richard Blumenthal
Democratic

Elected U.S. senator

Richard Blumenthal
Democratic

Two-term Democrat Richard Blumenthal was re-elected in 2016 with 63.2% of the vote.

Former state House minority leader Themis Klarides ran for the Republican nomination,^[101] but lost to commodities trader Leora Levy.

Connecticut Republican primary^[102]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Leora Levy	46,774	50.60
	Republican	Themis Klarides	37,003	40.03
	Republican	Peter Lumaj	8,665	9.37
Total votes			92,442	100.00

Connecticut general election^[103]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Richard Blumenthal (incumbent)	723,864	57.45%	−5.74
	Republican	Leora Levy	535,943	42.54%	+7.92
	Write-in		80	0.00%	±0.00
Total votes			1,259,887	100.0%
	Democratic hold

Florida

Florida election

← 2016

2028 →


Nominee	Marco Rubio	Val Demings
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	4,474,847	3,201,522
Percentage	57.7%	41.3%

County results
Rubio: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% 90–100%
Demings: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70%

U.S. senator before election

Marco Rubio
Republican

Elected U.S. senator

Marco Rubio
Republican

Two-term Republican Marco Rubio was re-elected in 2016 with 52% of the vote. He announced on November 9, 2020, via Facebook, that he was running for re-election.^[104]

U.S. representative Val Demings was the Democratic nominee.^[105]

Ivanka Trump, daughter and former senior advisor to former president Donald Trump, was seen as a potential candidate to challenge Rubio for the Republican nomination.^[106] However, on February 18, 2021, it was confirmed that she would not seek the nomination.^[107]

Rubio defeated Demings, winning re-election to a third term.

Florida Democratic primary^[108]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Val Demings	1,263,706	84.29
	Democratic	Brian Rush	94,185	6.28
	Democratic	William Sanchez	84,576	5.64
	Democratic	Ricardo De La Fuente	56,749	3.79
Total votes			1,499,216	100.00

Florida general election^[109]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Marco Rubio (incumbent)	4,474,847	57.68%	+5.70
	Democratic	Val Demings	3,201,522	41.27%	−3.04
	Libertarian	Dennis Misigoy	32,177	0.41%	−1.71
	Independent	Steven B. Grant	31,816	0.41%	N/A
	Independent	Tuan TQ Nguyen	17,385	0.22%	N/A
	Write-in		267	0.00%	±0.00
Total votes			7,758,126	100.0%
	Republican hold

Georgia

Georgia election

← 2020–21 (special)

November 8, 2022 (first round)
December 6, 2022 (runoff)

2028 →


Candidate	Raphael Warnock	Herschel Walker
Party	Democratic	Republican
First round	1,946,117 49.4%	1,908,442 48.5%
Runoff	1,820,633 51.4%	1,721,244 48.6%

Warnock: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
Walker: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% >90%

U.S. senator before election

Raphael Warnock
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Raphael Warnock
Democratic

Incumbent Democrat Raphael Warnock won the 2020–2021 special election against incumbent Republican Kelly Loeffler to fill the remainder of former senator Johnny Isakson's term. Isakson resigned at the end of 2019 due to health problems, and Loeffler was appointed by Governor Brian Kemp following Isakson's resignation. No candidate in the open election on November 3 received the 50% required by Georgia law to avoid a run-off, a type of election colloquially known as a "jungle primary"^[110]—Warnock received just 32.9% of the vote—and so, a run-off election between Warnock and Loeffler was held on January 5, 2021, which Warnock won with 51% of the vote.

Former Republican senator David Perdue, who narrowly lost his race to Democratic challenger Jon Ossoff in 2021,^[111] and former U.S. representative Doug Collins^[112] both considered challenging Warnock, but eventually announced they were not running.^[113]

Former NFL player Herschel Walker,^[114] who had been endorsed by former president Donald Trump,^[115] defeated banking executive Latham Saddler^[116] and others in the Republican primary.

In the general election, no candidate received a majority of the vote.^[117] Warnock defeated Walker in a runoff between the top-two finishers on December 6.^[118]

Georgia Democratic primary^[119]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Raphael Warnock (incumbent)	702,610	96.04
	Democratic	Tamara Johnson-Shealey	29,984	3.96
Total votes			731,594	100.00

Georgia Republican primary^[119]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Herschel Walker	803,560	68.18
	Republican	Gary Black	157,370	13.35
	Republican	Latham Saddler	104,471	8.86
	Republican	Josh Clark	46,693	3.96
	Republican	Kelvin King	37,930	3.22
	Republican	Jonathan McColumn	28,601	2.43
Total votes			1,178,625	100.00

Georgia general election^[120]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Raphael Warnock (incumbent)	1,946,117	49.44%	+1.05
	Republican	Herschel Walker	1,908,442	48.49%	−0.88
	Libertarian	Chase Oliver	81,365	2.07%	+1.35
Total votes			3,935,924	100.0%

Georgia general election runoff^[121]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Raphael Warnock (incumbent)	1,820,633	51.40%	+0.36
	Republican	Herschel Walker	1,721,244	48.60%	−0.36
Total votes			3,541,877	100.0%
	Democratic hold

Hawaii

Hawaii election

← 2016

2028 →


Nominee	Brian Schatz	Bob McDermott
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	290,894	106,358
Percentage	71.2%	26.0%

County results
Schatz: 70–80%

U.S. senator before election

Brian Schatz
Democratic

Elected U.S. senator

Brian Schatz
Democratic

One-term Democrat Brian Schatz was appointed to the Senate in 2012, following the death of incumbent Daniel Inouye. He won a special election to finish Inouye's term in 2014, and won his first full term in 2016 with 73.6% of the vote. Republican state representative Bob McDermott challenged Schatz.^[122]

Hawaii Democratic primary^[123]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Brian Schatz (incumbent)	228,595	93.56
	Democratic	Steve Tataii	15,725	6.44
Total votes			244,320	100.00

Hawaii Republican primary^[123]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Bob McDermott	25,686	39.56
	Republican	Timothy Dalhouse	17,158	26.42
	Republican	Wallyn Kanoelani Christian	9,497	14.62
	Republican	Steven Bond	6,407	9.87
	Republican	Asia Lavonne	6,187	9.53
Total votes			64,935	100.00

Hawaii general election^[124]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Brian Schatz (incumbent)	290,894	71.21%	−2.40
	Republican	Bob McDermott	106,358	26.04%	+3.80
	Libertarian	Feena Bonoan	4,915	1.20%	−0.43
	Green	Emma Jane Pohlman	4,142	1.01%	N/A
	Aloha ʻĀina	Dan Decker	2,208	0.54%	N/A
Total votes			408,517	100.0%
	Democratic hold

Idaho

Idaho election

← 2016

2028 →


Nominee	Mike Crapo	David Roth	Scott Cleveland
Party	Republican	Democratic	Independent
Popular vote	358,539	169,808	49,917
Percentage	60.7%	28.7%	8.5%

County results
Crapo: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
Roth: 50–60% 60–70%

U.S. senator before election

Mike Crapo
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Mike Crapo
Republican

Four-term Republican Mike Crapo was re-elected in 2016 with 66.1% of the vote. He is running for re-election to a fifth term.^[125] Democrat David Roth faced Crapo in the general election after defeating Ben Pursley in the primary.^[126]

Idaho Republican primary^[127]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Mike Crapo (incumbent)	177,906	67.13
	Republican	Scott Trotter	27,699	10.45
	Republican	Brenda Bourn	21,612	8.16
	Republican	Ramont Turnbull	20,883	7.88
	Republican	Natalie Fleming	16,902	6.38
Total votes			265,002	100.00

Idaho Democratic primary^[127]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	David Roth	19,160	57.80
	Democratic	Ben Pursley	13,987	42.20
Total votes			33,147	100.00

Idaho general election^[128]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Mike Crapo (incumbent)	358,539	60.68%	−5.45
	Democratic	David Roth	169,808	28.74%	+1.01
	Independent	Scott Cleveland	49,917	8.45%	N/A
	Constitution	Ray Writz	8,500	1.44%	−4.70
	Libertarian	Idaho Sierra Law	4,126	0.70%	N/A
Total votes			590,890	100.0%
	Republican hold

Illinois

Illinois election

← 2016

2028 →


Nominee	Tammy Duckworth	Kathy Salvi
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	2,329,136	1,701,055
Percentage	56.8%	41.5%

County results
Duckworth: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
Salvi: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%

U.S. senator before election

Tammy Duckworth
Democratic

Elected U.S. senator

Tammy Duckworth
Democratic

One-term Democrat Tammy Duckworth was elected in 2016 with 54.9% of the vote. She defeated Republican attorney Kathy Salvi in the general election.^[129]

Illinois Democratic primary^[130]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Tammy Duckworth (incumbent)	856,720	100.00
Total votes			856,720	100.00

Illinois Republican primary^[130]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Kathy Salvi	216,007	30.23
	Republican	Peggy Hubbard	177,180	24.79
	Republican	Matt Dubiel	90,538	12.67
	Republican	Casey Chlebek	76,213	10.66
	Republican	Bobby Piton	65,461	9.16
	Republican	Anthony W. Williams	52,890	7.40
	Republican	Jimmy Lee Tillman II	36,342	5.09
Total votes			714,631	100.00

Illinois general election^[131]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Tammy Duckworth (incumbent)	2,329,136	56.82%	+1.96
	Republican	Kathy Salvi	1,701,055	41.50%	+1.72
	Libertarian	Bill Redpath	68,671	1.68%	−1.53
	Write-in		34	0.00%	−0.01
Total votes			4,098,896	100.0%
	Democratic hold

Indiana

Indiana election

← 2016

2028 →


Nominee	Todd Young	Thomas McDermott Jr.
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	1,090,165	704,411
Percentage	58.6%	37.9%

County results
Young: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
McDermott: 50–60% 60–70%

U.S. senator before election

Todd Young
Republican

Elected U.S. senator

Todd Young
Republican

First-term Republican Todd Young was elected in 2016 with 52.1% of the vote. He announced on March 2, 2021, that he was running for re-election.^[132] Hammond mayor Thomas McDermott Jr. won the Democratic nomination.^[133] James Sceniak, a behavior therapist, was the Libertarian candidate.

Young defeated McDermott, winning re-election to a second term.

Indiana Republican primary^[134]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Todd Young (incumbent)	372,738	100.00
Total votes			372,738	100.00

Indiana Democratic primary^[134]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Thomas McDermott Jr.	173,466	100.00
Total votes			173,466	100.00

Indiana general election^[135]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Todd Young (incumbent)	1,090,165	58.62%	+6.51
	Democratic	Thomas McDermott Jr.	704,411	37.87%	−4.54
	Libertarian	James Sceniak	63,814	3.43%	−2.04
	Write-in		1,461	0.08%	+0.07
Total votes			1,859,851	100.0%
	Republican hold

Iowa

Iowa election

← 2016

2028 →


Nominee	Chuck Grassley	Michael Franken
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	681,501	533,330
Percentage	56.0%	43.8%

County results
Grassley: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
Franken: 50–60% 70–80%

U.S. senator before election

Chuck Grassley
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Chuck Grassley
Republican

Seven-term Republican Chuck Grassley was re-elected in 2016 with 60.1% of the vote. He sought re-election to an eighth term.^[136]

In the Republican primary, Grassley defeated state senator Jim Carlin.^[137]

Retired admiral and former aide to U.S. senator Ted Kennedy, Michael Franken,^[138] was the Democratic nominee. Franken defeated former U.S. representative Abby Finkenauer in the primary in what was seen as a major upset.^[139]^[140]

Grassley defeated Franken, winning re-election to an eighth term.

Iowa Republican primary^[141]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Chuck Grassley (incumbent)	143,634	73.34
	Republican	Jim Carlin	51,891	26.50
	Write-in		312	0.16
Total votes			195,837	100.00

Iowa Democratic primary^[141]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Michael Franken	86,527	55.17
	Democratic	Abby Finkenauer	62,581	39.90
	Democratic	Glenn Hurst	7,571	4.83
	Write-in		158	0.10
Total votes			156,837	100.00

Iowa general election
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Chuck Grassley (incumbent)	681,501	56.01%	−4.08
	Democratic	Michael Franken	533,330	43.84%	+8.18
	Write-in		1,815	0.15%	+0.04
Total votes			1,216,646	100.0%
	Republican hold

Kansas

Kansas election

← 2016

2028 →


Nominee	Jerry Moran	Mark Holland
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	602,976	372,214
Percentage	60.0%	37.0%

County results
Moran: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% >90%
Holland: 40–50% 60–70%

U.S. senator before election

Jerry Moran
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Jerry Moran
Republican

Two-term Republican Jerry Moran was re-elected in 2016 with 62.2% of the vote. He announced that he was seeking re-election in 2020.^[142] Democratic United Methodist pastor and former Kansas City Mayor Mark Holland challenged Moran.^[143]

Kansas Republican primary^[144]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Jerry Moran (incumbent)	383,332	80.47
	Republican	Joan Farr	93,016	19.53
Total votes			476,348	100.00

Kansas Democratic primary^[144]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Mark Holland	101,429	38.05
	Democratic	Paul Buskirk	53,750	20.16
	Democratic	Patrick Wiesner	47,034	17.65
	Democratic	Mike Andra	33,464	12.55
	Democratic	Robert Klingenberg	21,413	8.03
	Democratic	Michael Soetaert	9,464	3.55
Total votes			266,554	100.00

Kansas general election^[145]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Jerry Moran (incumbent)	602,976	60.00%	−2.18
	Democratic	Mark Holland	372,214	37.04%	+4.80
	Libertarian	David Graham	29,766	2.96%	−2.62
Total votes			1,004,956	100.0%
	Republican hold

Kentucky

Kentucky election

← 2016

2028 →


Nominee	Rand Paul	Charles Booker
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	913,326	564,311
Percentage	61.8%	38.2%

County results
Paul: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
Booker: 50–60% 60–70%

U.S. senator before election

Rand Paul
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Rand Paul
Republican

Two-term Republican Rand Paul was re-elected in 2016 with 57.3% of the vote. He sought re-election to a third term.^[146]

Former Democratic state Representative and 2020 runner-up in the Democratic U.S. Senate primary Charles Booker won the Democratic primary.^[147]

Kentucky Republican primary^[148]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Rand Paul (incumbent)	333,051	86.35
	Republican	Valerie Frederick	14,018	3.63
	Republican	Paul V. Hamilton	13,473	3.49
	Republican	Arnold Blankenship	10,092	2.62
	Republican	Tami Stanfield	9,526	2.47
	Republican	John Schiess	5,538	1.44
Total votes			385,698	100.00

Kentucky Democratic primary^[148]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Charles Booker	214,245	73.29
	Democratic	Joshua Blanton Sr.	30,980	10.60
	Democratic	John Merrill	28,931	9.90
	Democratic	Ruth Gao	18,154	6.21
Total votes			292,310	100.00

Kentucky general election^[149]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Rand Paul (incumbent)	913,326	61.80%	+4.53
	Democratic	Charles Booker	564,311	38.19%	−4.54
	Write-in		193	0.01%	+0.01
Total votes			1,477,830	100.0%
	Republican hold

Louisiana

Louisiana election

← 2016

2028 →


Candidate	John Kennedy	Gary Chambers	Luke Mixon
Party	Republican	Democratic	Democratic
Popular vote	851,568	246,933	182,877
Percentage	61.6%	17.9%	13.2%

Parish results
Kennedy: 30–40% 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% 90–100%
Chambers: 40–50%

U.S. senator before election

John Kennedy
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

John Kennedy
Republican

One-term Republican John Kennedy was elected in 2016 with 60.6% of the vote and ran for a second term.^[150] Civil rights activist Gary Chambers and U.S. Navy veteran Luke Mixon ran as Democrats.^[151]^[152]

Louisiana general election^[153]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	John Kennedy (incumbent)	851,568	61.56
	Democratic	Gary Chambers	246,933	17.85
	Democratic	Luke Mixon	182,887	13.22
	Democratic	Syrita Steib	31,568	2.28
	Republican	Devin Lance Graham	25,275	1.83
	Democratic	Vinny Mendoza	11,910	0.86
	Independent	Beryl Billiot	9,378	0.68
	Democratic	Salvador P. Rodriguez	7,767	0.56
	Independent	Bradley McMorris	5,388	0.39
	Libertarian	Aaron C. Sigler	4,865	0.35
	Independent	Xan John	2,753	0.20
	Independent	W. Thomas La Fontaine Olson	1,676	0.12
	Independent	Thomas Wenn	1,322	0.10
Total votes			1,383,290	100.00
	Republican hold

Maryland

Maryland election

← 2016

2028 →


Nominee	Chris Van Hollen	Chris Chaffee
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	1,316,897	682,293
Percentage	65.8%	34.1%

County results
Van Hollen: 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% >90%
Chaffee: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%

U.S. senator before election

Chris Van Hollen
Democratic

Elected U.S. senator

Chris Van Hollen
Democratic

One-term Democrat Chris Van Hollen was elected in 2016 with 60.9% of the vote, and ran for a second term.^[154]

Despite previously indicating that he had no interest in pursuing the Republican nomination for the U.S. Senate, incumbent governor Larry Hogan, who was term-limited and scheduled to leave office in 2023, told conservative talk radio host Hugh Hewitt in October 2021 that he was considering challenging Van Hollen. Hogan ultimately decided not to challenge Van Hollen on February 8, 2022.^[155]^[156]^[157]

Van Hollen and construction company owner Chris Chaffee won their respective primaries on July 19.^[158]

Maryland Democratic primary^[159]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Chris Van Hollen (incumbent)	535,014	80.81
	Democratic	Michelle Laurence Smith	127,089	19.19
Total votes			662,103	100.00

Maryland Republican primary^[159]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Chris Chaffee	50,514	20.78
	Republican	Lorie Friend	35,714	14.69
	Republican	John Thormann	33,290	13.69
	Republican	Joseph Perez	26,359	10.84
	Republican	George Davis	21,095	8.68
	Republican	James Tarantin	20,514	8.44
	Republican	Reba Hawkins	18,057	7.43
	Republican	Jon McGreevey	14,128	5.81
	Republican	Todd Puglisi	13,550	5.57
	Republican	Nnabu Eze	9,917	4.08
Total votes			243,138	100.00

Maryland general election^[160]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Chris Van Hollen (incumbent)	1,316,897	65.77%	+4.88
	Republican	Chris Chaffee	682,293	34.07%	−1.60
	Write-in		3,146	0.16%	+0.02
Total votes			2,002,336	100.0%
	Democratic hold

Missouri

Missouri election

← 2016

2028 →


Nominee	Eric Schmitt	Trudy Busch Valentine
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	1,146,966	872,694
Percentage	55.4%	42.2%

County results
Schmitt: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
Busch Valentine: 50–60% 60–70% 80–90%

U.S. senator before election

Roy Blunt
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Eric Schmitt
Republican

Two-term Republican Roy Blunt was re-elected in 2016 with 49.2% of the vote. He did not seek re-election.^[44]

State attorney general Eric Schmitt defeated former governor Eric Greitens^[161] and U.S. representatives Vicky Hartzler and Billy Long in the Republican primary.^[162]^[163]^[164]

Anheuser-Busch heiress Trudy Busch Valentine^[165] defeated Marine veteran Lucas Kunce^[166] in the Democratic primary.^[167]

Missouri Republican primary^[167]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Eric Schmitt	299,382	45.66
	Republican	Vicky Hartzler	144,903	22.10
	Republican	Eric Greitens	124,155	18.94
	Republican	Billy Long	32,603	4.97
	Republican	Mark McCloskey	19,540	2.98
	Republican	Dave Schatz	7,509	1.15
	Republican	Patrick A. Lewis	6,085	0.93
	Republican	Curtis D. Vaughn	3,451	0.53
	Republican	Eric McElroy	2,805	0.43
	Republican	Robert Allen	2,111	0.32
	Republican	C. W. Gardner	2,044	0.31
	Republican	Dave Sims	1,949	0.30
	Republican	Bernie Mowinski	1,602	0.24
	Republican	Deshon Porter	1,574	0.24
	Republican	Darrell Leon McClanahan III	1,139	0.17
	Republican	Rickey Joiner	1,084	0.17
	Republican	Robert Olson	1,081	0.16
	Republican	Dennis Lee Chilton	755	0.12
	Republican	Russel P. Breyfogle Jr.	685	0.10
	Republican	Kevin C. Schepers	681	0.10
	Republican	Hartford Tunnell	637	0.10
Total votes			655,675	100.00

Missouri Democratic primary^[167]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Trudy Busch Valentine	158,957	43.16
	Democratic	Lucas Kunce	141,203	38.34
	Democratic	Spencer Toder	17,465	4.74
	Democratic	Carla Coffee Wright	14,438	3.92
	Democratic	Gena Ross	8,749	2.38
	Democratic	Jewel Kelly	6,464	1.76
	Democratic	Lewis Rolen	5,247	1.42
	Democratic	Pat Kelly	5,002	1.36
	Democratic	Ron William Harris	4,074	1.11
	Democratic	Josh Shipp	3,334	0.91
	Democratic	Clay Taylor	3,322	0.90
Total votes			368,255	100.00

Missouri general election^[168]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Eric Schmitt	1,146,966	55.43%	+6.25
	Democratic	Trudy Busch Valentine	872,694	42.18%	−4.21
	Libertarian	Jonathan Dine	34,821	1.68%	−0.74
	Constitution	Paul Venable	14,608	0.71%	−0.20
	Write-in		41	0.00%	−0.03
Total votes			2,069,130	100.0%
	Republican hold

Nevada

Nevada election

← 2016

2028 →


Nominee	Catherine Cortez Masto	Adam Laxalt
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	498,316	490,388
Percentage	48.8%	48.0%

County results
Cortez Masto: 50–60%
Laxalt: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%

U.S. senator before election

Catherine Cortez Masto
Democratic

Elected U.S. senator

Catherine Cortez Masto
Democratic

One-term Democrat Catherine Cortez Masto was elected in 2016 with 47.1% of the vote. She ran for re-election.^[169]

Former state attorney general Adam Laxalt ran against Cortez Masto for the seat once held by his maternal grandfather Paul Laxalt.^[170]

Nevada Democratic primary^[171]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Catherine Cortez Masto (incumbent)	159,694	90.87
	Democratic	Corey Reid	4,491	2.56
	None of These Candidates		4,216	2.40
	Democratic	Allen Rheinhart	3,852	2.19
	Democratic	Stephanie Kasheta	3,487	1.98
Total votes			175,740	100.00

Nevada Republican primary^[171]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Adam Laxalt	127,757	55.91
	Republican	Sam Brown	78,206	34.23
	Republican	Sharelle Mendenhall	6,946	3.04
	None of These Candidates		6,277	2.75
	Republican	Bill Conrad	3,440	1.51
	Republican	Bill Hockstedler	2,836	1.24
	Republican	Paul Rodriguez	1,844	0.81
	Republican	Tyler Perkins	850	0.37
	Republican	Carlo Poliak	332	0.15
Total votes			228,488	100.00

Nevada general election^[172]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Catherine Cortez Masto (incumbent)	498,316	48.81%	+1.71
	Republican	Adam Laxalt	490,388	48.04%	+3.37
	None of These Candidates		12,441	1.22%	−2.59
	Independent	Barry Lindemann	8,075	0.79%	N/A
	Libertarian	Neil Scott	6,422	0.63%	N/A
	Independent American	Barry Rubinson	5,208	0.51%	−1.04
Total votes			1,020,850	100.0%
	Democratic hold

New Hampshire

New Hampshire election

← 2016

2028 →


Nominee	Maggie Hassan	Don Bolduc
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	332,193	275,928
Percentage	53.5%	44.4%

County results
Hassan: 50–60% 60–70%
Bolduc: 50–60%

U.S. senator before election

Maggie Hassan
Democratic

Elected U.S. senator

Maggie Hassan
Democratic

One-term Democrat Maggie Hassan was elected in 2016 with 48% of the vote. She ran for re-election.^[173]

New Hampshire governor Chris Sununu, who was re-elected in 2020 with 65.2% of the vote, declined to run.^[174]

U.S. Army brigadier general Don Bolduc narrowly defeated state senator Chuck Morse, former Londonderry town manager Kevin Smith, and others in the Republican primary.^[173]

New Hampshire Democratic primary^[175]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Maggie Hassan (incumbent)	88,146	93.77
	Democratic	Paul Krautmann	3,629	3.86
	Democratic	John Riggieri	1,680	1.79
	Write-in		546	0.58
Total votes			94,001	100.00

New Hampshire Republican primary^[176]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Don Bolduc	52,629	36.91
	Republican	Chuck Morse	50,929	35.71
	Republican	Kevin H. Smith	16,621	11.65
	Republican	Vikram Mansharamani	10,690	7.50
	Republican	Bruce Fenton	6,381	4.47
	Republican	John Berman	961	0.67
	Republican	Andy Martin	920	0.64
	Republican	Tejasinha Sivalingam	832	0.58
	Republican	Dennis Lamare	773	0.54
	Republican	Edward Laplante	723	0.51
	Republican	Gerard Beloin	521	0.36
	Write-in		623	0.44
Total votes			142,603	100.00

New Hampshire general election^[177]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Maggie Hassan (incumbent)	332,490	53.54%	+5.56
	Republican	Don Bolduc	275,631	44.39%	−3.45
	Libertarian	Jeremy Kauffman	12,390	2.00%	+0.30
	Write-in		464	0.07%	±0.00
Total votes			620,975	100.0%
	Democratic hold

New York

New York election

← 2016

2028 →


Nominee	Chuck Schumer	Joe Pinion
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	3,320,561	2,501,151
Percentage	56.8%	42.8%

County results
Schumer: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
Pinion: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%

U.S. senator before election

Chuck Schumer
Democratic

Elected U.S. senator

Chuck Schumer
Democratic

Incumbent four-term Democratic Party Senator Chuck Schumer, who had served as Senate Majority Leader since 2021 and had held New York's Class 3 Senate seat since defeating Republican Party incumbent Al D'Amato in 1998, ran for a fifth term. Republican Party challenger Joe Pinion was the first black Senate nominee of any major party in New York history. The filing deadline for the June primary was April 7, 2022.^[178] Schumer became the longest-serving U.S. senator in the state's history once his fifth term began.^[179]

Though Schumer was comfortably re-elected, he lost significant support on Long Island and Upstate New York compared to his last election in 2016. Pinion flipped the more conservative counties that Schumer had won in his previous runs, as well as some Democratic leaning counties such as Nassau, Saratoga, Broome, Clinton, and Essex. However, Schumer's lead was large enough in New York City that it was called by most media outlets the moment the polls closed.^[180]

Despite Democrats overperforming expectations on a national level during this cycle, this race was the most competitive in Schumer's Senate career since his first election in 1998, when he won by 10.5%.

New York general election^[181]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Chuck Schumer	3,022,822	51.69%	−13.03
	Working Families	Chuck Schumer	297,739	5.09%	+1.82
	Total	Chuck Schumer (incumbent)	3,320,561	56.78%	−13.86
	Republican	Joe Pinion	2,204,499	37.69%	+14.37
	Conservative	Joe Pinion	296,652	5.07%	+1.45
	Total	Joe Pinion	2,501,151	42.76%	+15.58
	LaRouche	Diane Sare	26,844	0.46%	N/A
Total votes			5,848,556	100.0%
	Democratic hold

North Carolina

North Carolina election

← 2016

2028 →


Nominee	Ted Budd	Cheri Beasley
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	1,905,786	1,784,049
Percentage	50.5%	47.3%

County results
Budd: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
Beasley: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%

U.S. senator before election

Richard Burr
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Ted Budd
Republican

Three-term Republican Richard Burr was re-elected in 2016 with 51.0% of the vote. Burr pledged to retire in 2023.^[45]

Veteran and senior fellow at the Center for International Policy, Mathew Hoh ran for senate with the Green Party.^[182]

Lara Trump, daughter-in-law of former president Donald Trump, and Lieutenant Governor Mark Robinson briefly considered running for U.S. Senate, but both decided not to run.^[183]^[184]^[185]^[186]

U.S. representative Ted Budd, who was endorsed by former president Donald Trump, easily defeated former governor Pat McCrory in the Republican primary.^[187]^[188]^[185]

Former chief justice of the state Supreme Court Cheri Beasley^[189] easily defeated Beaufort mayor Rett Newton^[190] in the Democratic primary.^[191]

North Carolina Republican primary^[192]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Ted Budd	448,128	58.61
	Republican	Pat McCrory	188,135	24.60
	Republican	Mark Walker	70,486	9.22
	Republican	Marjorie K. Eastman	22,535	2.95
	Republican	David Flaherty	7,265	0.95
	Republican	Kenneth Harper Jr.	7,129	0.93
	Republican	Jen Banwart	3,088	0.40
	Republican	Charles Kenneth Moss	2,920	0.38
	Republican	Leonard Bryant	2,906	0.38
	Republican	Benjamin E. Griffiths	2,870	0.38
	Republican	Debora Tshiovo	2,741	0.36
	Republican	Lee A. Brian	2,232	0.29
	Republican	Lichia Sibhatu	2,191	0.29
	Republican	Drew Bulecza	2,022	0.26
Total votes			764,648	100.00

North Carolina Democratic primary^[192]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Cheri Beasley	501,766	81.09
	Democratic	James L. Carr Jr.	21,903	3.54
	Democratic	Alyssia Rose-Katherine Hammond	21,005	3.39
	Democratic	Marcus W. Williams	17,446	2.82
	Democratic	Constance Johnson	12,500	2.02
	Democratic	Rett Newton	10,043	1.62
	Democratic	Chrelle Booker	9,937	1.61
	Democratic	B. K. Maginnis	7,044	1.14
	Democratic	Robert Colon	6,904	1.12
	Democratic	Greg Antoine	5,179	0.84
	Democratic	Tobias LaGrone	5,048	0.82
Total votes			618,775	100.00

North Carolina general election^[193]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Ted Budd	1,905,786	50.50%	−0.56
	Democratic	Cheri Beasley	1,784,049	47.27%	+1.90
	Libertarian	Shannon W. Bray	51,640	1.37%	−2.20
	Green	Matthew Hoh	29,934	0.79%	N/A
	Write-in		2,515	0.07%	N/A
Total votes			3,773,924	100.0%
	Republican hold

North Dakota

North Dakota election

← 2016

2028 →


Nominee	John Hoeven	Katrina Christiansen	Rick Becker
Party	Republican	Democratic–NPL	Independent
Popular vote	135,474	59,995	44,406
Percentage	56.4%	25.0%	18.5%

County results
Hoeven: 40–50% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% >90%
Christiansen: 40–50% 50–60%

U.S. senator before election

John Hoeven
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

John Hoeven
Republican

Two-term Republican John Hoeven was re-elected in 2016 with 78.5% of the vote. On February 4, 2021, Hoeven campaign spokesman Dan Larson indicated that Hoeven was running for re-election in 2022.^[194]^[195] University of Jamestown engineering professor Katrina Christiansen defeated businessman Michael Steele in the Democratic primary election.^[196] Former state representative Rick Becker challenged Hoeven in the Republican primary but withdrew after losing the convention.^[197]

Hoeven and Christiansen won their respective primaries on June 14.^[198]

North Dakota Republican primary
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	John Hoeven (incumbent)	59,529	77.83
	Republican	Riley Kuntz	16,400	21.44
	Write-in		557	0.73
Total votes			76,486	100.00

North Dakota Democratic–NPL primary
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic–NPL	Katrina Christiansen	17,187	76.78
	Democratic–NPL	Michael Steele	5,174	23.11
	Write-in		24	0.11
Total votes			22,385	100.00

North Dakota general election^[199]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	John Hoeven (incumbent)	135,474	56.41%	−22.07
	Democratic–NPL	Katrina Christiansen	59,995	24.98%	+8.01
	Independent	Rick Becker	44,406	18.49%	N/A
	Write-in		265	0.11%	N/A
Total votes			240,140	100.0%
	Republican hold

Ohio

Ohio election

← 2016

2028 →


Nominee	JD Vance	Tim Ryan
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	2,192,114	1,939,489
Percentage	53.0%	46.9%

County results
Vance: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
Ryan: 50–60% 60–70%

U.S. senator before election

Rob Portman
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

JD Vance
Republican

Two-term Republican Rob Portman was re-elected in 2016 with 58% of the vote. On January 25, 2021, he announced that he would not be running for re-election.^[61]

Venture capitalist and author JD Vance was nominated in a crowded and competitive Republican primary, defeating USMCR veteran and former state treasurer Josh Mandel, state senator Matt Dolan, investment banker Mike Gibbons, and former Ohio Republican Party chair Jane Timken, among others.^[200] Vance was endorsed by former president Donald Trump late in the primary.^[201]

U.S. representative and 2020 presidential candidate, Tim Ryan, was the Democratic nominee.

Ohio Republican primary^[202]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	JD Vance	344,736	32.22
	Republican	Josh Mandel	255,854	23.92
	Republican	Matt Dolan	249,239	23.30
	Republican	Mike Gibbons	124,653	11.65
	Republican	Jane Timken	62,779	5.87
	Republican	Mark Pukita	22,692	2.12
	Republican	Neil Patel	9,873	0.92
Total votes			1,069,826	100.00

Ohio Democratic primary^[202]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Tim Ryan	359,941	69.55
	Democratic	Morgan Harper	92,347	17.84
	Democratic	Traci Johnson	65,209	12.60
Total votes			517,497	100.00

Ohio general election^[202]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	JD Vance	2,192,114	53.04%	−4.99
	Democratic	Tim Ryan	1,939,489	46.92%	+9.76
	Write-in		1,739	0.04%	N/A
Total votes			4,133,342	100.0%
	Republican hold

Oklahoma

There were two elections in Oklahoma due to the resignation of Jim Inhofe.

Oklahoma (regular)

Oklahoma regular election

← 2016

2028 →


Nominee	James Lankford	Madison Horn
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	739,960	369,370
Percentage	64.3%	32.1%

County results
Lankford: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%

U.S. senator before election

James Lankford
Republican

Elected U.S. senator

James Lankford
Republican

One-term Republican James Lankford won the 2014 special election to serve the remainder of former U.S. senator Tom Coburn's term.^[203] Lankford won election to his first full term in 2016 with 67.7% of the vote. He announced that he would be running for re-election on April 6, 2021. Two Democratic candidates were competing in the runoff Democratic primary election.^[204]^[205]

Jackson Lahmeyer, the pastor for Sheridan Church and former Oklahoma State coordinator for the Billy Graham Evangelistic Association, challenged Lankford in the Republican primary.^[206]

Oklahoma Republican regular primary^[207]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	James Lankford (incumbent)	243,132	67.83
	Republican	Jackson Lahmeyer	94,572	26.38
	Republican	Joan Farr	20,761	5.79
Total votes			358,465	100.00

Oklahoma Democratic regular primary^[207]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Madison Horn	60,691	37.19
	Democratic	Jason Bollinger	27,374	16.77
	Democratic	Dennis Baker	22,467	13.77
	Democratic	Jo Glenn	21,198	12.99
	Democratic	Brandon Wade	19,986	12.25
	Democratic	Arya Azma	11,478	7.03
Total votes			163,194	100.00

Oklahoma Democratic regular primary runoff^[208]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Madison Horn	60,929	65.48
	Democratic	Jason Bollinger	32,121	34.52
Total votes			93,050	100.00

Oklahoma regular general election^[209]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	James Lankford (incumbent)	739,960	64.30%	−3.44
	Democratic	Madison Horn	369,370	32.10%	+7.52
	Independent	Michael Delaney	20,907	1.82%	N/A
	Libertarian	Kenneth Blevins	20,495	1.78%	−1.22
Total votes			1,150,732	100.0%
	Republican hold

Oklahoma (special)

Oklahoma special election

← 2020

2026 →


Nominee	Markwayne Mullin	Kendra Horn
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	710,643	405,389
Percentage	61.8%	35.2%

County results
Mullin: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% >90%
Horn: 50–60%

U.S. senator before election

Jim Inhofe
Republican

Elected U.S. senator

Markwayne Mullin
Republican

Five-term incumbent Republican Jim Inhofe had been re-elected with 63% of the vote in 2020 and was not scheduled to be up for election again until 2026. However, Inhofe announced his intention to resign at the end of the 117th U.S. Congress. A special election to fill his seat took place in November 2022, concurrent with the other Senate elections.^[49] U.S. representative Markwayne Mullin defeated state House speaker T. W. Shannon in the runoff Republican primary election. Mullin and Shannon defeated Inhofe's chief of staff Luke Holland and others in the initial Republican primary election.^[210]^[211]^[212] Former U.S. representative Kendra Horn was the Democratic nominee, being her party's only candidate.^[213]^[214]

Markwayne Mullin, a member of the Cherokee Nation, became the first Native American to serve in the U.S. Senate since fellow Republican Ben Nighthorse Campbell retired from Congress in 2005.^[215]

Oklahoma Republican special primary^[207]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Markwayne Mullin	156,087	43.62
	Republican	T. W. Shannon	62,746	17.53
	Republican	Nathan Dahm	42,673	11.92
	Republican	Luke Holland	40,353	11.28
	Republican	Scott Pruitt	18,052	5.04
	Republican	Randy J. Grellner	15,794	4.41
	Republican	Laura Moreno	6,597	1.84
	Republican	Jessica Jean Garrison	6,114	1.71
	Republican	Alex Gray (withdrawn)	3,063	0.86
	Republican	John F. Tompkins	2,332	0.65
	Republican	Adam Holley	1,873	0.52
	Republican	Michael Coibion	1,261	0.35
	Republican	Paul Royse	900	0.25
Total votes			357,845	100.00

Oklahoma Republican special primary runoff^[208]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Markwayne Mullin	183,118	65.08
	Republican	T. W. Shannon	98,246	34.92
Total votes			281,364	100.00

Oklahoma special general election^[209]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Markwayne Mullin	710,643	61.77%	−1.14
	Democratic	Kendra Horn	405,389	35.24%	+2.49
	Libertarian	Robert Murphy	17,386	1.51%	−0.70
	Independent	Ray Woods	17,063	1.48%	N/A
Total votes			1,150,481	100.0%
	Republican hold

Oregon

Oregon election

← 2016

2028 →


Nominee	Ron Wyden	Jo Rae Perkins
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	1,076,424	788,991
Percentage	55.8%	40.9%

County results
Wyden: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
Perkins: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%

U.S. senator before election

Ron Wyden
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Ron Wyden
Democratic

Incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator Ron Wyden, who was first elected in a 1996 special election, ran for a fifth full term.^[216] Jo Rae Perkins, who unsuccessfully ran for Oregon's other Senate seat in 2020, won the Republican primary with 33.3% of the vote.^[217] The four candidates filing with the Oregon Secretary of State for this election included Chris Henry of the Oregon Progressive Party and Dan Pulju of the Pacific Green Party.^[218]

Wyden ultimately won the election with 55.8% of the statewide vote. This is the first victory of Wyden's since 1996 where none of the following counties went Democratic in a Senate Class III election: Gilliam, Jackson, Marion, Polk, Wasco and Yamhill. It is also the first time Columbia County supported the Republican nominee over Wyden.^[219]

Oregon Democratic primary^[220]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Ron Wyden (incumbent)	439,665	89.38
	Democratic	William E. Barlow III	35,025	7.12
	Democratic	Brent Thompson	17,197	3.50
Total votes			491,887	100.00

Oregon Republican primary^[220]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Jo Rae Perkins	115,701	33.32
	Republican	Darin Harbick	107,506	30.96
	Republican	Sam Palmer	42,703	12.30
	Republican	Jason Beebe	39,456	11.36
	Republican	Christopher C. Christensen	28,433	8.19
	Republican	Robert M. Fleming	6,821	1.96
	Republican	Ibra A. Taher	6,659	1.92
Total votes			347,279	100.00

Oregon general election^[221]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Ron Wyden (incumbent)	1,076,424	55.83%	−0.77
	Republican	Jo Rae Perkins	788,991	40.92%	+7.57
	Progressive	Chris Henry	36,883	1.91%	N/A
	Pacific Green	Dan Pulju	23,454	1.22%	−1.28
	Write-in		2,197	0.11%	+0.01
Total votes			1,927,949	100.0%
	Democratic hold

Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania election

← 2016

2028 →


Nominee	John Fetterman	Mehmet Oz
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	2,751,012	2,487,260
Percentage	51.2%	46.3%

County results
Fetterman: 50–60% 60–70% 80–90%
Oz: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%

U.S. senator before election

Pat Toomey
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

John Fetterman
Democratic

Two-term Republican Pat Toomey was re-elected in 2016 with 48.8% of the vote. On October 5, 2020, Toomey announced that he would retire at the end of his term.^[47]

Lieutenant Governor John Fetterman^[222] easily defeated state representative Malcolm Kenyatta and U.S. representative Conor Lamb in the Democratic primary.^[223]

Mehmet Oz, host of The Dr. Oz Show and cardiothoracic surgeon,^[224] narrowly defeated business executive David McCormick, 2018 U.S. Senate candidate Jeff Bartos,^[225] 2018 candidate for Pennsylvania's 7th congressional district Sean Gale,^[226] political commentator Kathy Barnette,^[227] and former U.S. ambassador to Denmark Carla Sands,^[228] after a bitter Republican primary.

Pennsylvania Republican primary^[229]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Mehmet Oz	420,168	31.21
	Republican	David McCormick	419,218	31.14
	Republican	Kathy Barnette	331,903	24.66
	Republican	Carla Sands	73,360	5.45
	Republican	Jeff Bartos	66,684	4.95
	Republican	Sean Gale	20,266	1.51
	Republican	George Bochetto	14,492	1.08
Total votes			1,346,091	100.00

Pennsylvania Democratic primary^[229]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	John Fetterman	753,557	58.65
	Democratic	Conor Lamb	337,498	26.27
	Democratic	Malcolm Kenyatta	139,393	10.85
	Democratic	Alexandria Khalil	54,460	4.24
Total votes			1,284,908	100.00

Pennsylvania general election^[230]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	John Fetterman	2,751,012	51.25%	+3.91
	Republican	Mehmet Oz	2,487,260	46.33%	−2.44
	Libertarian	Erik Gerhardt	72,887	1.36%	−2.53
	Green	Richard Weiss	30,434	0.57%	N/A
	Keystone	Dan Wassmer	26,428	0.49%	N/A
Total votes			5,368,021	100.0%
	Democratic hold

South Carolina

South Carolina election

← 2016

2028 →


Nominee	Tim Scott	Krystle Matthews
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	1,066,274	627,616
Percentage	62.9%	37.0%

County results
Scott: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
Matthews: 50–60% 60–70%

U.S. senator before election

Tim Scott
Republican

Elected U.S. senator

Tim Scott
Republican

One-term Republican Tim Scott was appointed in 2013 and won election to his first full term in 2016 with 60.6% of the vote. He said that while he ran for re-election in 2022, it would be his last time.^[231] In the Democratic primary, state representative Krystle Matthews defeated author and activist Catherine Fleming Bruce^[232] in a runoff.^[233]^[234] Angela Geter, chairwoman of the Spartanburg County Democratic Party, also ran in the primary.^[235]^[236]^[237]

South Carolina Democratic primary^[238]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Catherine Fleming Bruce	59,777	34.69
	Democratic	Krystle Matthews	57,278	33.24
	Democratic	Angela Geter	55,281	32.08
Total votes			172,336	100.00

South Carolina Democratic primary runoff^[239]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Krystle Matthews	25,300	55.77
	Democratic	Catherine Fleming Bruce	20,064	44.23
Total votes			45,364	100.00

South Carolina general election^[240]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Tim Scott (incumbent)	1,066,274	62.88%	+2.31
	Democratic	Krystle Matthews	627,616	37.01%	+0.08
	Write-in		1,812	0.11%	+0.02
Total votes			1,695,702	100.0%
	Republican hold

South Dakota

South Dakota election

← 2016

2028 →


Nominee	John Thune	Brian Bengs
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	242,316	91,007
Percentage	69.6%	26.2%

County results
Thune: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% >90%
Bengs: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%

U.S. senator before election

John Thune
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

John Thune
Republican

Three-term Republican and U.S. Senate minority whip John Thune was re-elected in 2016 with 71.8% of the vote and ran for reelection to a fourth term.^[241] Thune had been subject to some backlash from former president Trump and his supporters in the state of South Dakota, leading to speculation of a potential primary challenge.^[242] He defeated Bruce Whalen, an Oglala Sioux tribal administrator and former chair of the Oglala Lakota County Republican Party in the Republican primary.^[243]

The Democratic candidate was author, navy veteran, and assistant professor of criminal justice at Northern State University, Brian Bengs, who won the primary unopposed.^[244]

South Dakota Republican primary^[245]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	John Thune (incumbent)	85,613	72.24
	Republican	Bruce Whalen	24,071	20.31
	Republican	Mark Mowry	8,827	7.45
Total votes			118,511	100.00

South Dakota general election^[246]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	John Thune (incumbent)	242,316	69.63%	−2.20
	Democratic	Brian Bengs	91,007	26.15%	−2.02
	Libertarian	Tamara Lesnar	14,697	4.22%	N/A
Total votes			348,020	100.0%
	Republican hold

Utah

Utah election

← 2016

2028 →


Nominee	Mike Lee	Evan McMullin
Party	Republican	Independent
Popular vote	571,974	459,958
Percentage	53.2%	42.7%

County results
Lee: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
McMullin: 50–60% 60–70%

U.S. senator before election

Mike Lee
Republican

Elected U.S. senator

Mike Lee
Republican

Two-term Republican Mike Lee was re-elected in 2016 with 68.2% of the vote. He defeated former state representative Becky Edwards as well as businessman and political advisor Ally Isom in the Republican primary.^[247]

The Utah Democratic Party declined to field their own candidate against Lee and instead endorsed independent Evan McMullin, a political activist, former Republican, former CIA operations officer, and 2016 presidential candidate.^[248]

Lee won re-election to a third term, defeating McMullin. This was the first Senate election in Utah's history in which there was no Democratic nominee. Lee's performance was the worst for a Republican in a Utah U.S. Senate election since 1974, while McMullin's was the best ever for an independent in a Utah U.S. Senate race and the best for a non-Republican since 1976.

Utah Republican primary^[249]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Mike Lee (incumbent)	258,089	61.94
	Republican	Becky Edwards	123,617	29.67
	Republican	Ally Isom	34,997	8.40
Total votes			416,703	100.00

Utah general election^[250]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Mike Lee (incumbent)	571,974	53.15%	−15.00
	Independent	Evan McMullin	459,958	42.74%	N/A
	Libertarian	James Hansen	31,784	2.95%	N/A
	Independent American	Tommy Williams	12,103	1.12%	−1.33
	Write-in		242	0.02%	N/A
Total votes			1,076,061	100.00%
	Republican hold

Vermont

Vermont election

← 2016

2028 →


Nominee	Peter Welch	Gerald Malloy
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	196,575	80,468
Percentage	68.5%	28.0%

County results
Welch: 50-60% 60-70% 70-80%
Malloy: 40-50%

U.S. senator before election

Patrick Leahy
Democratic

Elected U.S. senator

Peter Welch
Democratic

The most senior senator, an eight-term Democrat and president pro tempore Patrick Leahy, was re-elected in 2016 with 61.3% of the vote. On November 15, 2021, Leahy announced that he would not seek re-election to a ninth term.^[48]

Vermont's at-large representative, Democrat Peter Welch, ran to succeed Leahy.^[251]

Former military officer Gerald Malloy was the Republican nominee, having narrowly defeated former United States attorney for the District of Vermont Christina Nolan in the primary.^[251]

Vermont Democratic primary
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Peter Welch	86,603	87.01
	Democratic	Isaac Evans-Frantz	7,230	7.26
	Democratic	Niki Thran	5,104	5.13
	Write-in		599	0.60
Total votes			99,536	100.00

Vermont Republican primary
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Gerald Malloy	12,169	42.39
	Republican	Christina Nolan	10,825	37.70
	Republican	Myers Mermel	5,227	18.21
	Write-in		489	1.70
Total votes			28,710	100.00

Vermont general election
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Peter Welch	196,575	68.47%	+7.21
	Republican	Gerald Malloy	80,468	28.03%	−5.00
	Independent	Dawn Marie Ellis	2,752	0.96%	N/A
	Green Mountain Peace and Justice	Natasha Diamondstone-Kohout	1,574	0.55%	−0.48
	Independent	Kerry Patrick Raheb	1,532	0.53%	N/A
	Independent	Mark Coester	1,273	0.44%	N/A
	Independent	Stephen Duke	1,209	0.42%	N/A
	Independent	Cris Ericson	1,105	0.38%	−2.54
	Write-in		612	0.21%	+0.11
Total votes			287,100	100.0%
	Democratic hold

Washington

Washington election

← 2016

2028 →


Candidate	Patty Murray	Tiffany Smiley
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	1,741,827	1,299,322
Percentage	57.2%	42.6%

County results
Murray: 50–60% 70–80%
Smiley: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%

U.S. senator before election

Patty Murray
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Patty Murray
Democratic

In 2022, the Washington state blanket primary had 18 candidates on the ballot for the U.S. Senate seat.^[252] Democrat Patty Murray ran for re-election to a sixth term.^[253] She won her place on the general election ballot with 52.2% of the vote.^[252] Republican nurse Tiffany Smiley also ran for the Senate seat,^[254] and advanced to the general election after coming in second in the blanket primary with 33.7% of the vote.^[252]

Murray defeated Smiley and won re-election to a sixth term in the November 8, 2022 election, receiving 57% of the vote.^[255]^[256] Smiley conceded the following day.^[257]

Washington blanket primary^[258]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Patty Murray (incumbent)	1,002,811	52.22
	Republican	Tiffany Smiley	646,917	33.69
	Trump Republican	Leon Lawson	59,134	3.08
	Republican	John Guenther	55,426	2.89
	Democratic	Ravin Pierre	22,172	1.15
	JFK Republican	Dave Saulibio	19,341	1.01
	Independent	Naz Paul	18,858	0.98
	Republican	Bill Hirt	15,276	0.80
	Democratic	Mohammad Hassan Said	13,995	0.73
	Socialist Workers	Henry Clay Dennison	13,901	0.72
	Democratic	Dr Pano Churchill	11,859	0.62
	Democratic	Bryan Solstin	9,627	0.50
	Independent	Charlie "Chuck" Jackson	8,604	0.45
	Independent	Jon Butler	5,413	0.28
	Independent	Thor Amundson	5,133	0.27
	No party preference	Martin D. Hash	4,725	0.25
	No party preference	Dan Phan Doan	3,049	0.16
	Democratic	Sam Cusmir	2,688	0.14
	Write-in		1,511	0.08
Total votes			1,920,440	100.00

Washington general election^[259]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Patty Murray (incumbent)	1,741,827	57.15%	−1.68
	Republican	Tiffany Smiley	1,299,322	42.63%	+1.77
	Write-in		6,751	0.22%	−0.09
Total votes			3,047,900	100.0%

Wisconsin

Wisconsin election

← 2016

2028 →


Nominee	Ron Johnson	Mandela Barnes
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	1,337,185	1,310,467
Percentage	50.4%	49.4%

County results
Johnson: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
Barnes: 50–60% 70–80%

U.S. senator before election

Ron Johnson
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Ron Johnson
Republican

Incumbent Republican Senator Ron Johnson won re-election to a third term, defeating the Democratic nominee, Lieutenant Governor Mandela Barnes.^[260]

In 2016, Johnson had pledged to serve only two terms in the Senate. He reversed this decision in 2022.^[261] The race was one of the most competitive of the cycle, and it followed considerable Democratic success in recent statewide elections. In 2018, Democrats won every statewide contest on the ballot, including the election for the state's other Senate seat. In 2020, Democrat Joe Biden narrowly carried the state in the presidential election.^[262]

Wisconsin Republican primary^[263]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Ron Johnson (incumbent)	563,871	83.69
	Republican	David Schroeder	109,917	16.31
Total votes			673,788	100.00

Wisconsin Democratic primary^[263]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Mandela Barnes	390,279	77.81
	Democratic	Alex Lasry (withdrawn)	44,609	8.89
	Democratic	Sarah Godlewski (withdrawn)	40,555	8.09
	Democratic	Tom Nelson (withdrawn)	10,995	2.19
	Democratic	Steven Olikara	5,619	1.12
	Democratic	Darrell Williams	3,646	0.73
	Democratic	Kou Lee	3,434	0.68
	Democratic	Peter Peckarsky	2,446	0.49
Total votes			501,583	100.00

Wisconsin general election^[263]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Ron Johnson (incumbent)	1,337,185	50.41%	+0.24
	Democratic	Mandela Barnes	1,310,467	49.41%	+2.60
	Write-in		4,825	0.18%	+0.13
Total votes			2,652,477	100.0%
	Republican hold

Notes

^ Majority control in an evenly divided Senate is determined by the Vice President of the United States, who can break tied votes in their constitutional capacity as President of the Senate. Accordingly, Senate control requires 51 seats without control of the vice presidency or 50 seats with control of the vice presidency.
^ ^a ^b Independent senators Angus King and Bernie Sanders caucus with Democrats.
^ Although the 2020 elections yielded a 50–50 tie between the Democratic and Republican caucuses, Democrats took the majority due to their concurrent victory in the presidential election, with Vice President Kamala Harris empowered to act as tie-breaker.
^ ^a ^b Kyrsten Sinema, whose seat was not up for election in 2022, left the Democratic Party and became an independent politician in December 2022, after the election but before the swearing in of the next Congress. As a result, 48 Democrats (rather than 49), plus King and Sanders, independents who caucus with Democrats, served in the 118th United States Congress. Sinema has opted to caucus with neither party but to continue to align with the Democrats, bringing the Democratic Senate majority to 51 seats.^[1]
^ ^a ^b For the Georgia race, only the runoff results are counted.
^ ^a ^b In the 1914 U.S. Senate elections, no incumbent senator lost a general election, but two senators, one each from Kansas and South Dakota, lost renomination in their primary elections.
^ Three previous elections have taken place in which both major-party nominees were Black: the 2004 U.S. Senate election in Illinois, the 2014 U.S. Senate special election in South Carolina, and the 2016 U.S. Senate election in South Carolina.
^ Democratic incumbents were reelected in Michigan, Montana, Ohio, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and Wisconsin, while Republicans flipped Florida, Indiana, Missouri, and North Dakota.
^ ^a ^b ^c Includes Alex Padilla, an interim appointee to a Class 3 seat who ran in concurrent special and general elections in California.
^ In Oklahoma, following Jim Inhofe's announced resignation before the expiration of his term.
^ Georgia was the "tipping-point state"
^ The top two candidates in the Alaska Senate race were Republicans. Murkowski, a moderate Republican, defeated Kelly Tshibaka, a Republican endorsed by former president Donald Trump.
^ ^a ^b In both the regular election and the special election.
^ Appointee elected in both special and general election.
^ The last elections for this group of senators were in 2016, except for those elected in a special election or who were appointed after the resignation or passing of a sitting senator, as noted.
^ FiveThirtyEight has three separate models for their House and Senate ratings: Lite (polling data only), Classic (polls, fundraising, and past voting patterns), and Deluxe (Classic alongside experts' ratings). This table uses the Deluxe model.
^ Republican John McCain won with 53.7% of the vote in 2016, but died on August 25, 2018.
^ Democrat Kamala Harris won with 61.6% of the vote against another Democrat in 2016, but resigned on January 18, 2021, to become Vice President of the United States.
^ Republican Johnny Isakson won with 54.8% of the vote in 2016, but resigned on December 31, 2019.
^ This race was decided in a run-off on December 6, 2022, after no candidate reached 50% of the vote on November 8.
^ Democratic total includes two independents who caucus with Democratic Party.
^ Major candidates include those who have previously held office and/or those who are the subject of media attention.
^ Senator Richard Shelby was originally elected as a Democrat in 1986 and 1992 before switching to a Republican in 1994. Shelby won re-election as a Republican in 1998, 2004, 2010 and 2016.

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[1] Majority control in an evenly divided Senate is determined by the Vice President of the United States, who can break tied votes in their constitutional capacity as President of the Senate. Accordingly, Senate control requires 51 seats without control of the vice presidency or 50 seats with control of the vice presidency.

[majority-2] Independent senators Angus King and Bernie Sanders caucus with Democrats.

[tiebreaker-3] Although the 2020 elections yielded a 50–50 tie between the Democratic and Republican caucuses, Democrats took the majority due to their concurrent victory in the presidential election, with Vice President Kamala Harris empowered to act as tie-breaker.

[Sinema-5] Kyrsten Sinema, whose seat was not up for election in 2022, left the Democratic Party and became an independent politician in December 2022, after the election but before the swearing in of the next Congress. As a result, 48 Democrats (rather than 49), plus King and Sanders, independents who caucus with Democrats, served in the 118th United States Congress. Sinema has opted to caucus with neither party but to continue to align with the Democrats, bringing the Democratic Senate majority to 51 seats.^[1]

[Runoff-6] For the Georgia race, only the runoff results are counted.

[1914election-16] In the 1914 U.S. Senate elections, no incumbent senator lost a general election, but two senators, one each from Kansas and South Dakota, lost renomination in their primary elections.

[23] Three previous elections have taken place in which both major-party nominees were Black: the 2004 U.S. Senate election in Illinois, the 2014 U.S. Senate special election in South Carolina, and the 2016 U.S. Senate election in South Carolina.

[24] Democratic incumbents were reelected in Michigan, Montana, Ohio, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and Wisconsin, while Republicans flipped Florida, Indiana, Missouri, and North Dakota.

[Padilla-38] Includes Alex Padilla, an interim appointee to a Class 3 seat who ran in concurrent special and general elections in California.

[39] In Oklahoma, following Jim Inhofe's announced resignation before the expiration of his term.

[41] Georgia was the "tipping-point state"

[42] The top two candidates in the Alaska Senate race were Republicans. Murkowski, a moderate Republican, defeated Kelly Tshibaka, a Republican endorsed by former president Donald Trump.

[California-43] In both the regular election and the special election.

[44] Appointee elected in both special and general election.

[46] The last elections for this group of senators were in 2016, except for those elected in a special election or who were appointed after the resignation or passing of a sitting senator, as noted.

[55] FiveThirtyEight has three separate models for their House and Senate ratings: Lite (polling data only), Classic (polls, fundraising, and past voting patterns), and Deluxe (Classic alongside experts' ratings). This table uses the Deluxe model.

[59] Republican John McCain won with 53.7% of the vote in 2016, but died on August 25, 2018.

[60] Democrat Kamala Harris won with 61.6% of the vote against another Democrat in 2016, but resigned on January 18, 2021, to become Vice President of the United States.

[61] Republican Johnny Isakson won with 54.8% of the vote in 2016, but resigned on December 31, 2019.

[run-off-62] This race was decided in a run-off on December 6, 2022, after no candidate reached 50% of the vote on November 8.

[63] Democratic total includes two independents who caucus with Democratic Party.

[major_candidates-79] Major candidates include those who have previously held office and/or those who are the subject of media attention.

[Shelby-80] Senator Richard Shelby was originally elected as a Democrat in 1986 and 1992 before switching to a Republican in 1994. Shelby won re-election as a Republican in 1998, 2004, 2010 and 2016.

[4] 2023 Congressional Record, Vol. 169, Page S22 (January 3, 2023)

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[Hulse_2022-8] Hulse, Carl (December 7, 2022). "Democrats Didn't Just Win Georgia. They Secured a Firmer Grip on the Senate". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved December 7, 2022.

[9] Wilson, Reid (September 28, 2021). "California rule change means Padilla faces extra election". The Hill. Archived from the original on September 28, 2021. Retrieved September 28, 2021.

[10] Beavers, Olivia; Everett, Burgess (February 24, 2022). "Inhofe to retire from Senate, teeing up special election in Oklahoma". Politico. Retrieved November 9, 2022.

[Hounshell_2022-11] Hounshell, Blake (November 9, 2022). "Five Takeaways From a Red Wave That Didn't Reach the Shore". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved November 9, 2022.

[Knowles_&_Scherer_2022-12] Knowles, Hannah; Scherer, Michael (November 9, 2022). "Democrats show strength, leaving fight for control of Congress unresolved". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 9, 2022.

[McGraw_2022-13] McGraw, Meridith (November 9, 2022). "Trump's biggest midterm bets don't pay out". Politico. Retrieved November 9, 2022.

[14] "Democrat John Fetterman wins US Senate race in Pennsylvania". AP News. Associated Press. November 8, 2022. Retrieved November 10, 2022.

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[Radcliffe_2022-18] Radcliffe, Mary (November 17, 2022). "Abortion Was Always Going To Impact The Midterms". FiveThirtyEight. Retrieved November 20, 2022.

[Silver_2022-19] Silver, Nate (November 9, 2022). "Candidate Quality Mattered". FiveThirtyEight. Retrieved November 10, 2022.

[Levine_&_Pilkington_2022-20] Levine, Sam; Pilkington, Ed (November 9, 2022). "US midterm voters reject election deniers who support Trump's false claim". The Guardian. Retrieved December 12, 2022.

[Wolf_2022-21] Wolf, Zachary B. (November 14, 2022). "These Republicans are admitting the party has an extremism problem". CNN. Retrieved November 30, 2022.

[22] Amy, Jeff; Thanawala, Sudhin (May 28, 2022). "In Georgia, 2 Black candidates to compete for Senate seat". The Associated Press. Retrieved December 22, 2022.

[Yglesias_2022-25] Yglesias, Matthew (November 9, 2022). "Democrats are doing far better than expected. How come?". The Guardian. Retrieved November 9, 2022.

[Ax_&_Reid_2022-26] Ax, Joseph; Reid, Tim (November 10, 2022). "U.S. Senate up for grabs as Republicans move toward House majority". Reuters. Retrieved November 10, 2022.

[Skelley_2022-27] Skelley, Geoffrey (November 13, 2022). "A Blue Nevada Means Democrats Will Keep Control Of The Senate". FiveThirtyEight. Retrieved November 20, 2022.

[28] Wren, Adam (November 9, 2022). "Democrats fortify their blue wall — and Electoral College math — for 2024". Politico. Retrieved December 1, 2022.

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[30] "Georgia Senate Runoff: How Raphael Warnock Secured Democrats A 51st Senate Seat". FiveThirtyEight. December 6, 2022. Retrieved December 9, 2022.

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[35] Rogers, Kaleigh (November 29, 2022). "When Democracy Was On The Ballot In 2022, Voters Usually Chose It". FiveThirtyEight. Retrieved December 1, 2022.

[Thompson_2022-36] Thompson, Derek (November 9, 2022). "Democrats Might Have Pulled Off the Biggest Midterm Shock in Decades". The Atlantic. Retrieved December 7, 2022.

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[40] "Election Statistics, 1920 to Present". history.house.gov. Retrieved December 17, 2023..

[45] "2022 Cook PVI: State Map and List". Cook Political Report. July 12, 2022. Retrieved August 7, 2022.

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[Sabato's_Crystal_Ball-49] "2022 Senate". Sabato's Crystal Ball. Retrieved August 31, 2022.

[CBS-50] De Pinto, Jennifer; Backus, Fred; Khanna, Kabir; Salvanto, Anthony (October 25, 2022). "Cortez Masto and Laxalt neck and neck in Nevada Senate race — CBS News Battleground Tracker poll". CBS News. Retrieved October 25, 2022.

[Politico-51] "2022 Election Forecast". Politico. Retrieved November 3, 2022.

[RCP-52] "Battle for the Senate 2022". RCP. October 26, 2022.

[Fox_News-53] Numa, Rémy (November 1, 2022). "Fox News Power Rankings: Republicans expected to control House, but both parties hold on to pathways in Senate". Fox News. Retrieved November 1, 2022.

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[56] "2022 Election Forecast". FiveThirtyEight. November 7, 2022. Retrieved November 7, 2022.

[The_Economist-57] "The Economist's 2022 Senate forecasts". The Economist. November 7, 2022. Retrieved November 5, 2022.

[58] "Senate Election Results 2022". The New York Times. November 8, 2022. Retrieved November 8, 2022.

[64] Hulse, Carl (February 8, 2021). "Shelby, Veteran Senator from Alabama, Won't Seek Seventh Term". The New York Times. Retrieved February 8, 2021.

[auto-65] Conradis, Brandon (March 8, 2021). "Roy Blunt won't run for Senate seat in 2022". The Hill. Retrieved March 8, 2021.

[ccampbell1-66] Campbell, Colin (July 20, 2016). "US Sen. Richard Burr says 2016 will be his last run for elected office". The Charlotte Observer. Archived from the original on November 11, 2016. Retrieved November 10, 2016.

[67] Sparling, Jason Williams, Scott Wartman, and Hannah K. (January 25, 2021). "Portman: 'It's a tough time to be in public service.' Ohio Senator won't seek re-election". The Enquirer. Retrieved August 11, 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

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2022 United States Senate elections

Partisan composition

Summary results

Seats

Votes

Closest races

Change in composition

Before the elections

After the elections

Beginning of the first session

Final pre-election predictions

Gains and holds

Retirements

Resignations

Post-election changes

Race summary

Special elections during the preceding Congress

Elections leading to the next Congress

Alabama

Alaska

Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Florida

Georgia

Hawaii

Idaho

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maryland

Missouri

Nevada

New Hampshire

New York

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

Oklahoma

Oklahoma (regular)

Oklahoma (special)

Oregon

Pennsylvania

South Carolina

South Dakota

Utah

Vermont

Washington

Wisconsin

Notes

References

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