Hesperornis

Hesperornis Edit nilai pada Wikidata
Periode Kapur Akhir (Campanian), 83.6–72 jtyl
Kemungkinan catatan Maastrichtian awal

Kerangka restorasi H. regalis
Taksonomi
KelasReptilia
OrdoHesperornithiformes
FamiliHesperornithidae
GenusHesperornis Edit nilai pada Wikidata
Marsh, 1872
Tata nama
Sinonim taksonLestornis Marsh, 1876

Coniornis Marsh, 1893

Hargeria Lucas, 1903
Species
H. regalis Marsh, 1872

H. crassipes (Marsh, 1876)
H. gracilis Marsh, 1876
H. altus (Marsh, 1893)
H. montana Schufeldt, 1915
H. rossicus Nesov & Yarkov, 1993
H. bairdi Martin & Lim, 2002
H. chowi Martin & Lim, 2002
H. macdonaldi Martin & Lim, 2002
H. mengeli Martin & Lim, 2002

H. lumgairi Aotsuka & Sato, 2016

Hesperornis (berarti "burung barat") adalah sebuah genus Ornithuran mirip pecuk yang hidup selama kala Kampanium, dan kemungkinan hingga awal kala Maastrichtium, pada periode Kapur Akhir.[1] Burung ini menjadi satu penemuan oleh paleontolog Othniel Charles Marsh yang lebih kurang dikenal selama periode Perang Tulang abad ke-19. Genus ini menjadi penemuan awal pada sejarah paleontologi burung. Lokasi dari fosil-fosil Hesperornis mencakup gamping laut Kapur Akhir di Kansas dan serpih laut dari Kanada. Sembilan spesies sudah diketahui, delapan diantaranya berasal dari batuan Amerika Utara, satunya lagi dari Rusia.

Rekonstruksi seniman

Hesperornis merupakan sebuah burung besar, yang mencapai panjang 1.8 meter. Ia memiliki sayap kecil yang tidak bisa dipakai untuk terbang, namun dapat berenang dengan kaki belakangnya yang kuat. Studi-studi pada kakinya awalnya mengindikasikan bahwa genus ini memiliki kaki berselaput seperti titihan masa kini.[2] Namun studi belakangan yang melihat pada morgometrik kaki hesperornithiformes dan burung laut moderen mempertanyakan interpretasi ini, membuat kaki selaput sama mungkinnya dengan kemungkinan kelompok ini memiliki kaki gemuk.[3]

Referensi

  1. ^ Alyssa Bell; Kelly J. Irwin; Leo Carson Davis (2015). "Hesperornithiform birds from the Late Cretaceous (Campanian) of Arkansas, USA". Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science. 118 (3–4): 219–229. doi:10.1660/062.118.0305. JSTOR 24887762. 
  2. ^ Stolpe, M (1935). "Colymbus, Hesperornis, Podiceps: ein Vergleich ihrer hinteren extremitat". Journal für Ornithologie. 83: 115–128. doi:10.1007/BF01908745. 
  3. ^ Bell, Alyssa; Wu, Yun-Hsin; Chiappe, Luis (2019). "Morphometric comparison of the Hesperornithiformes and modern diving birds". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 513: 196–207. Bibcode:2019PPP...513..196B. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2017.12.010. 

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