Amendemen Platt

Halaman pertama Amendemen Platt

Amendemen Platt[1] disahkan pada tanggal 2 Maret 1903. Isinya mengamendemen RUU Penganggaran Angkatan Darat 1901.[2] Amendemen ini mencantumkan tujuh syarat penarikan tentara Amerika Serikat dari Kuba pada penghujung Perang Spanyol–Amerika Serikat, serta syarat kedelapan bahwa Kuba akan menandatangani perjanjian yang mengakui ketujuh syarat tersebut. Amendemen ini menjadikan hubungan Kuba–A.S. hubungan yang tidak adil semasa dominasi Amerika Serikat di Kuba.

Pada tanggal 12 Juni 1901, Kuba mengamendemen konstitusinya dan menyertakan Amendemen Platt.[3]

Tanggal 22 Mei 1903, Kuba dan A.S. menandatangani Perjanjian Hubungan Kuba–Amerika Serikat yang mengakui ketujuh syarat di atas.[4] Dua dari tujuh syarat tersebut menyatakan bahwa Amerika Serikat dapat campur tangan secara sepihak dalam segala urusan Kuba dan Kuba menyewakan sepetak tanahnya ke Amerika Serikat untuk keperluan pembangunan pangkalan laut. Perjanjian Hubungan 1934 menggantikan Perjanjian Hubungan 1903; tiga dari tujuh syarat tersebut dihapus.

Perjanjian Hubungan 1903 dijadikan alasan untuk Pendudukan Kuba Kedua yang berlangsung tahun 1906 sampai 1909. Tanggal 29 September 1906, Menteri Perang (dan calon presiden A.S.) William Howard Taft memulai Pendudukan Kuba Kedua setelah membentuk pemerintahan sementara di Kuba di bawah Pasal 3 Perjanjian Hubungan 1903. Taft menyatakan dirinya Gubernur Kuba Sementara.[5][6] Pada tanggal 23 Oktober 1906, Presiden Roosevelt mengeluarkan Perintah Eksekutif 518 yang meratifikasi perintah tersebut.[5]

Lihat pula

Referensi

  1. ^ Transcript of Platt Amendment, Internet Modern History Sourcebook, accessed February 14, 2012
  2. ^ 1901 Platt Amendment commentary at the US Archives online
  3. ^ US archives online Diarsipkan 2014-01-29 di Wayback Machine., Date of ratification by Cuba
  4. ^ 33 Stat. 2249 Copy of the proclamation announcing the signing of the May Treaty; text in English and Spanish.
  5. ^ a b Records of the Provisional Government of Cuba, National Archives and Records Administration. "Established: By a proclamation of the Secretary of War, September 29, 1906, under general authority of the Permanent Treaty of 1903 between the United States and the Republic of Cuba, with oversight responsibilities assigned to the Bureau of Insular Affairs (War Department) by EO 518, October 23, 1906. ... History: Military Government of Cuba established by Maj. Gen. John R. Brooke, December 28, 1898, as a consequence of U.S. invasion and occupation of Cuba in the Spanish-American War, in accordance with Presidential order published in General Order 184, Headquarters of the Army, December 13, 1898. Spanish colonial administration formally terminated, January 1, 1899. Republic of Cuba established by transfer of sovereignty, May 20, 1902. Domestic unrest in Cuba led to the proclamation of September 29, 1906, which designated Secretary of War William H. Taft as Provisional Governor of Cuba. Taft succeeded as Provisional Governor by Charles E. Magoon, October 13, 1906. EO 518, October 23, 1906, ordered Governor Magoon to report to the Secretary of War through the Bureau of Insular Affairs. Military government terminated January 28, 1909."
  6. ^ the 1906 Taft proclamation

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