寡家蚁属
一隻多樣寡家蟻（C.diversa）的大兵
科学分类
界：
动物界 Animalia
门：
节肢动物门 Arthropoda
纲：
昆虫纲 Insecta
目：
膜翅目 Hymenoptera
科：
蟻科 Formicidae
亚科：
家蟻亞科 Myrmicinae
族：
角腹蚁族 Crematogastrini
属：
寡家蚁属 Carebara Westwood,1840
模式種
木盲切叶蚁 Carebara lignata Westwood,1840
多样性 [ 2]
245个现生种（含亚种），10个化石种。
異名
Aeromyrma Forel, 1891 [ 3] Afroxyidris Belshaw & Bolton, 1994 [ 3] Aneleus Emery, 1900 [ 3] Crateropsis Patrizi, 1948 [ 3] Erebomyrma Wheeler, W.M., 1903 [ 3] Hendecatella Wheeler, W.M., 1927 [ 3] Lecanomyrma Forel, 1913 [ 3] Neoblepharidatta Sheela & Narendran, 1997 [ 3] Nimbamyrma Bernard, 1953 [ 3] 稀切叶蚁属 Oligomyrmex Mayr, 1867 [ 3] Paedalgus Forel, 1911 [ 3] Parvimyrma Eguchi & Bui, 2007
Solenops Karavaiev, 1930 [ 3] [ 4] Spelaeomyrmex Wheeler, W.M., 1922 [ 3] Sporocleptes Arnold, 1948 [ 3] 巨首蚁属 Pheidologeton Mayr, 1862 拟大头家蚁属 [ 5] Amauromyrmex Wheeler, W.M., 1929
Idrisella Santschi, 1937 [ 6] [ 7] Phidologeton Bingham, 1903 [ 8] [ 9] [ 10]
寡家蟻屬 （学名 ：Carebara 盲切葉蟻屬 或重头蚁属 [ 2] 家蟻亞科 的一種屬。该属包含了世界上最小的蚂蚁 —— 原子盲切叶蚁 （Carebara atoma ）
该属是一个庞大的体系属，拥有 234个有效物种（包括 9个化石物种 ）和 22 个亚种 。[ 11]
该属的物种几乎遍布全球，主要记录在热带 和亚热带地区 。部分物种在土壤 或白蚁 的土丘 中筑巢，有些物种也会栖息在烂木中。盲切叶蚁属的大多数物种的体型十分微小，并且常年居住在地底，主要以死昆虫和其他无脊椎动物为食。[ 11]
然而，一些物种是具有大规模掠夺习性的侵略性地面捕食者（俗称行军蚁 ，但不是真正意义上的行军蚁 ），例如已经被撤销的巨首蚁属 （Pheidologeton ）。目前关于盲切叶蚁的行为学和生命周期的研究仍然有限。[ 11]
该属根据木盲切叶蚁 （Carebara lignata ）建立，同时也是该属的模式种 。它在成立初期被纳入了一个独立的亚科：Attidae，但该亚科现已撤销。后来，该属的分类学地位在族 中经历了几次变化：
火蚁族 (Forel 1893) 巨首蚁族 Pheidologetini Emery, 1914
巨首蚁属群 Pheidologeton genus group由于不同种姓和多态性的记录不完整。以下分类被认为是盲切叶蚁属的异名 ：
Aeromyrma Forel, 1891
Afroxyidris Belshaw & Bolton, 1994
Amauromyrmex Wheeler, W.M., 1929
Aneleus Emery, 1900
Crateropsis Patrizi, 1948
Erebomyrma Wheeler, W.M., 1903
Hendecatella Wheeler, W.M., 1927
Idrisella Santschi, 1937
Lecanomyrma Forel, 1913
Neoblepharidatta Sheela & Narendran, 1997
Nimbamyrma Bernard, 1953
稀切叶蚁属 Oligomyrmex Mayr, 1867
Paedalgus Forel
Parvimyrma Eguchi & Bui
巨首蚁属 Pheidologeton Mayr, 1862 拟大头家蚁属
Solenops Karavaiev, 1930
Spelaeomyrmex Wheeler, W.M., 1922
Sporocleptes Arnold, 1948
最终，基于对 11个基因 的全面系统发育分析，该属被纳入了举腹蚁族之下。
属的级别的分类学变化已经取代了盲切叶蚁属的一些早期区域修订。此外，缺乏全面的修订，尤其是对旧世界 物种的修订，给物种识别带来了困难。为了解决这些问题，研究者对以下区域进行了研究：印度 、沙特阿拉伯 、非洲热带地区 、巴西 、马达加斯加 和澳大利亚 。关于种团 的研究最初集中在新大陆 物种上，Fernández 回顾了美国 物种，并根据工蚁种姓的形态提出了五个物种群。在旧世界 ，Bharti 和 Kumar 于2013年首次研究了盲切叶蚁属的种群。他们将11个印度物种分为三组，基于 C. asina 的无眼小型工蚁将 C. concinna 种团与木盲切叶蚁种团 （C. lignata species group）融合 。
Fischer 等人于2014年建立了 C. polita 种团，该种团与巨首蚁具有形态相似性，包括6个非洲热带物种和2个新热带 物种。本研究还将巨首蚁属与盲切叶蚁属同义。后来 Fischer 等人于 2015年建立了 phragmotica 种团，Hosoishi 等人于 2022年提出了 acutispina 种团， 但是这两个种团都包括了C. phragmotic。
矮盲切叶蚁 毒液 。在泰国西部 的一次田间 调查中，一位收集者不小心被这个蚂蚁蛰伤了。并在几分钟后内出现瘙痒 的皮疹 ，并在两天内出现水泡 。[ 12]
手在几分钟内出现红疹（A）
两天后内出现水泡（B）
Carebara aberrans (Santschi, 1937) Carebara aborensis (Wheeler, 1913) Carebara abuhurayri Sharaf & Aldawood, 2011 Carebara acuta (Weber, 1952) 尖刺盲切叶蚁 Carebara acutispina (Xu, 2003) Carebara adisaki Wimolsuthikul & Jaitrong, 2024 近缘盲切叶蚁 Carebara affinis Jerdon, 1851 相邻寡家蚁
Carebara afghana (Pisarski, 1970) 非洲盲切叶蚁 Carebara africana (Forel, 1910) Carebara alluaudi (Santschi, 1913)
阿尔珀特盲切叶蚁 Carebara alperti Fernández, 2010 Carebara alpha (Forel, 1905) 高结盲切叶蚁 Carebara altinoda Xu, 2003 阿美盲切叶蚁 Carebara amia Forel, 1913 阿美寡家蚁 、阿美稀切叶蚁
Carebara ampla Santschi, 1912 安戈尔盲切叶蚁 Carebara angolensis (Santschi, 1914) Carebara angulata Fernández, 2004 Carebara anophthalma (Emery, 1906) †Carebara antiqua (Mayr, 1868)
Carebara arabara Fernández, 2010 Carebara arabica (Collingwood & Van Harten, 2001) Carebara armata (Donisthorpe, 1948) Carebara arnoldi (Forel, 1913) Carebara arnoldiella (Santschi, 1919) 凶恶盲切叶蚁 Carebara asina Forel, 1902 原子盲切叶蚁 Carebara atoma (Emery, 1900) Carebara audita Fernández, 2004 Carebara bara Azorsa & Fisher, 2018 Carebara bartrumi Weber, 1943 孟加拉盲切叶蚁 Carebara bengalensis Forel, 1902 孟加拉稀切叶蚁 Carebara beta (Forel, 1905) Carebara bicarinata Santschi, 1912 双角盲切叶蚁 Carebara bihornata (Xu, 2003) †Carebara bohemica (Novák, 1877)
Carebara borealis (Terayama, 1996) Carebara bouvardi (Santschi, 1913) Carebara brasiliana Fernández, 2004 Carebara brevipilosa Fernández, 2004 Carebara bruchi (Santschi, 1933) 布氏盲切叶蚁 Carebara bruni Forel, 191
Carebara butteli (Forel, 1913) 卷须盲切叶蚁 Carebara capreola Wheeler, 1927
Carebara carinata Bharti & Kumar, 2013 栗色盲切叶蚁 Carebara castanea Smith, 1858
锡兰盲切叶蚁 Carebara ceylonensis (Forel, 1911) 锡兰寡家蚁 Carebara coeca Fernández, 2004 平头盲切叶蚁 Carebara colobopsis Hosoishi & Yamane, 2022 Carebara concinna (Mayr, 1867) Carebara convexa (Weber, 1950) Carebara coqueta Fernández, 2006 Carebara cornigera (Forel, 1902) 寡妇盲切叶蚁 （C. vidua ）Carebara crassiuscula (Emery, 1900) 网纹盲切叶蚁 Carebara cribriceps (Wheeler, 1927)
Carebara crigensis (Belshaw & Bolton, 1994) 弯刺盲切叶蚁 Carebara curvispina (Xu, 2003) Carebara debilis (Santschi, 1913) 齿盲切叶蚁 Carebara dentata Bharti & Kumar, 2013 齿突盲切叶蚁 Carebara dentiviris Carebara deponens (Walker, 1859) Carebara diabola (Santschi, 1913) Carebara diabolica (Baroni Urbani, 1969) Carebara distincta (Bolton & Belshaw, 1993) 多样寡家蚁 Carebara diversa Jerdon, 1851 全异盲切叶蚁
龙盲切叶蚁 Carebara diversa draco Santschi, 1920全异盲切叶蚁老挝亚种 Carebara diversa laotina Santschi, 1920全异盲切叶蚁麦氏亚种 Carebara diversa macgregori Wheeler, W.M., 1929Carebara diversa philippina Carebara diversa standfussi Carebara diversa taprobanae Carebara diversa tenuirugosa 全异盲切叶蚁威氏亚种 Carebara diversa williamsi Wheeler, W.M., 1929Carebara donisthorpei (Weber, 1950) Carebara dota Azorsa & Fisher, 2018 Carebara elmenteitae (Patrizi, 1948) 细长盲切叶蚁 Carebara elongata Fernández, 2004 Carebara erythraea (Emery, 1915) Carebara escherichi (Forel, 1911) Carebara fayrouzae Sharaf, 2013 Carebara frontalis (Weber, 1950) Carebara globularia Fernández, 2004 格氏盲切叶蚁 Carebara grandidieri (Forel, 1891) 粒沟盲切叶蚁 Carebara granulatus Carebara guineana Fernández, 2006 般若盲切叶蚁 Carebara hannya (Terayama, 1996) Carebara hornata Bharti & Kumar, 2013 湖南盲切叶蚁 Carebara hunanenis Wu et Wang, 1995 Carebara inca Fernández, 2004 Carebara incerta (Santschi, 1919) Carebara incierta Fernández, 2004 Carebara infima (Santschi, 1913) Carebara intermedia Fernández, 2004 雅氏盲切叶蚁 Carebara jacobsoni (Forel, 1911) Carebara jajoby Azorsa & Fisher, 2018 Carebara jeanneli (Santschi, 1913) 江西盲切叶蚁 Carebara jinagxiensis Wu et Wang, 1995 Carebara junodi Forel, 1904 卡米盲切叶蚁 Carebara khamiensis (Arnold, 1952) Carebara kofana Fernández, 2004 Carebara kunensis (Ettershank, 1966) 滑头盲切叶蚁 Carebara laeviceps Liu & Zhong, 2024 Carebara lamellifrons (Forel, 1902) 郎氏盲切叶蚁 Carebara langi Wheeler, 1922 宽结盲切叶蚁 Carebara latinoda Zhou & Zheng, 1997 Carebara latro (Santschi, 1937) Carebara leei (Forel, 1902) 木盲切叶蚁 Carebara lignata Westwood,1840 模式种 长头盲切叶蚁 Carebara longiceps (Santschi, 1929) Carebara longii (Wheeler, 1903) Carebara lucida (Santschi, 1917) 光亮盲切叶蚁 Carebara lusciosa (Wheeler,1928) Carebara majeri Fernández, 2004 Carebara manni (Donisthorpe, 1941) Carebara mayri (Forel, 1901) 黑沟盲切叶蚁 Carebara melasolena Zhou et Zheng,1997 Carebara menozzii (Ettershank, 1966) Carebara minima (Emery, 1900) Carebara minuta Fernández, 2004 Carebara mjobergi (Forel, 1915) Carebara nana (Santschi, 1919) 南宁盲切叶蚁 Carebara nanningensis Carebara nayana (Sheela & Narendran, 1997) †Carebara nitida (Dlussky & Perkovsky, 2002)
诺福克盲切叶蚁 Carebara norfolkensis (Donisthorpe, 1941) Carebara nosindambo (Forel, 1891) Carebara nuda Fernández, 2004 钝齿盲切叶蚁 Carebara obtusidenta (Xu, Z., 2003) Carebara octata (Bolton & Belshaw, 1993) Carebara oertzeni (Forel, 1886) 恩氏盲切叶蚁 Carebara oni (Terayama, 1996) Carebara osborni Wheeler, 1922 奥氏盲切叶蚁 Carebara overbecki (Viehmeyer, 1916) Carebara paeta (Santschi, 1937) Carebara panamensis (Wheeler, 1925) 帕氏盲切叶蚁 Carebara patrizii Menozzi, 1927 Carebara paya Fernández, 2004 Carebara perpusilla (Emery, 1895) Carebara peruviana (Emery, 1906) Carebara petulca (Wheeler, 1922) Carebara pilosa Fernández, 2004 Carebara pisinna (Bolton & Belshaw, 1993) 光滑盲切叶蚁 Carebara polita (Santschi, 1914) 多音盲切叶蚁 Carebara polyphemus (Wheeler,1928) Carebara propomegata Bharti & Kumar, 2013 拟亮盲切叶蚁 Carebara pseudolusciosa (Wu et Wang,1995) 矮人盲切叶蚁 Carebara pumilia Fischer, Azorsa et Fisher, 2014 斑点盲切叶蚁 Carebara punctata (Karavaiev, 1931) 矮盲切叶蚁 Carebara pygmaea (Emery, 1887)
千里眼盲切叶蚁 Carebara qianliyan Terayama, 2009 Carebara raja (Forel, 1902) Carebara rara (Bolton & Belshaw, 1993) Carebara rectangulata Bharti & Kumar, 2013 直背盲切叶蚁 Carebara rectidorsa (Xu, 2003) Carebara reina Fernández, 2004 纹头盲切叶蚁 Carebara reticapita (Xu, 2003) Carebara reticulata Fernández, 2004 Carebara robertsoni (Bolton & Belshaw, 1993) Carebara rothneyi (Forel, 1902) Carebara rugata (Forel, 1913) 坂本盲切叶蚁 Carebara sakamotoi Terayama, Lin et Eguchi, 2012 桑氏盲切叶蚁 Carebara sangi (Eguchi & Bui, 2007) Carebara santschii (Weber, 1943) Carebara sarasinorum (Emery, 1901) Carebara sarita (Bolton & Belshaw, 1993) Carebara satana (Karavaiev, 1935) 邵氏盲切叶蚁 Carebara sauteri Forel, 1912 邵氏寡家蚁 Carebara semilaevis (Mayr, 1901) Carebara sicheli Mayr, 1862 西氏寡家蚁 Carebara silvestrii Santschi,1914 西氏盲切叶蚁 Carebara simalurensis (Forel, 1915) Carebara similis (Mayr, 1862) Carebara sinhala Fischer, Azorsa & Fisher, 2014 Carebara sodalis (Emery, 1914) †Carebara sophiae (Emery, 1891)
Carebara spinata Bharti & Kumar, 2013 Carebara stenoptera (Kusnezov, 1952) 条纹盲切叶蚁 Carebara striata (Xu, 2003) Carebara sublatro (Forel, 1913) Carebara subreptor (Emery, 1900) 苏丹盲切叶蚁 Carebara sudanensis (Weber, 1943) Carebara sudanica Santschi, 1933 Carebara sundaica (Forel, 1913) Carebara tahitiensis (Wheeler, 1936) 大埔盲切叶蚁 Carebara taiponica (Wheeler, 1928) Carebara tana Azorsa & Fisher, 2018 Carebara taprobanae (Forel, 1911) Carebara tenua Fernández, 2004 Carebara termitolestes (Wheeler, 1918) Carebara thoracica (Weber, 1950) †Carebara thorali (Théobald, 1937)
Carebara traegaordhi (Santschi, 1914) 粗纹盲切叶蚁 Carebara trechideros Zhou et Zheng, 1997 †Carebara ucrainica (Dlussky & Perkovsky, 2002)
Carebara ugandana (Santschi, 1923) Carebara urichi (Wheeler, 1922) 红盲切叶蚁 Carebara vespillo Wheeler, 1921 Carebara vidua Smith, 1858
Carebara viehmeyeri (Mann, 1919) Carebara villiersi (Bernard, 1953) Carebara voeltzkowi (Forel, 1907) Carebara vorax (Santschi, 1914) Carebara weyeri (Karavaiev, 1930) 惠勒盲切叶蚁 Carebara wheeleri (Ettershank, 1966) Carebara wroughtonii (Forel, 1902) 大和盲切叶蚁 Carebara yamatonis (Terayama, 1996) 矢野盲切叶蚁 Carebara yanoi Forel, 1912 矢野寡家蚁 增城盲切叶蚁 Carebara zengchengensis (Zhou, Zhao et Jia,2006)
^ Barden, P. 2017. Fossil ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): ancient diversity and the rise of modern lineages. Myrmecological News 24: 1-30. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Carebara(重头蚁属/盲切叶蚁属) . 蚂蚁网 ants-china.com. ^ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 Fernández, F. 2004a. The American species of the myrmicine ant genus Carebara Westwood (Hymentoptera: Formicidae). Caldasia 26(1): 191-238 (page 194, Carebara senior synonym of Aeromyrma, Afroxyidris, Aneleus, Crateropsis, Erebomyrma, Hendecatella, Lecanomyrma, Neoblepharidatta, Nimbamyrma, Oligomyrmex, Paedalgus, Solenops, Spelaeomyrmex, Sporocleptes)
^ Forel, A. 1893b. Sur la classification de la famille des Formicides, avec remarques synonymiques. Ann. Soc. Entomol. Belg. 37: 161-167 (page 164, Carebara in Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini)
^ Fischer, G., Azorsa, F. & Fisher, B.L. 2014. The ant genus Carebara Westwood (Hymenoptera, Formicidae): synonymisation of Pheidologeton Mayr under Carebara , establishment and revision of the C. polita species group. ZooKeys 438:57–112. doi:10.3897/zookeys.438.7922
^ Ettershank, G. 1966. A generic revision of the world Myrmicinae related to Solenopsis and Pheidologeton (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Aust. J. Zool. 14: 73-171 (page 115, Idrisella as junior synonym of Pheidologeton)
^ Bolton, B. 2003. Synopsis and Classification of Formicidae. Mem. Am. Entomol. Inst. 71: 370pp (page 217, Idrisella as junior synonym of Pheidologeton)
^ Bingham, C. T. 1903. The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Hymenoptera, Vol. II. Ants and Cuckoo-wasps. London: Taylor and Francis, 506 pp. (page 160, Phidologeton; Unjustified emendation of Pheidologeton)
^ Bolton, B. 2003. Synopsis and Classification of Formicidae. Mem. Am. Entomol. Inst. 71: 370pp (page 217, Phidologeton as junior synonym of Pheidologeton)
^ Wheeler, W. M. 1922j. Ants of the American Museum Congo expedition. A contribution to the myrmecology of Africa. VIII. A synonymic list of the ants of the Ethiopian region. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 45: 711-1004 (page 880, Phidologeton as junior synonym of Pheidologeton)
^ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 Liu Z-y, Zhong Y, Huang Y-y, Ran H, Song F (2024) A new ant species of the genus Carebara Westwood, 1840 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae) with a key to Chinese species. ZooKeys 1190: 1-37. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1190.110552
^ Wimolsuthikul, C., Yamane, S., Samung, Y., Jaitrong, W. 2024. A revision of the Carebara pygmaea (Emery, 1887) species group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Thailand. Zootaxa, 54811, 79–100 (doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5481.1.5 ).^ 251 Valid Extant Species (168 imaged) . AntWeb.
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