切叶蚁亚科 (學名 :Myrmicinae ,台湾作家蟻亞科 )隸屬於蟻科,現生約140屬[ 1] ,世界廣佈,蛹不結繭,有些物種具螫針,腹柄節兩節,築巢於土中、枯木中、石頭下或活樹中[ 2] 。
特徵
家蟻亞科的物種生有明顯的後腹柄節,也就是第三腹節明顯小於第四腹節,且兩者之間具有明顯的隘縮;前胸背板無法自由伸展,與中軀癒合,也就是前中胸背板縫線淺,或是完全消失;通常具有螫針 ;頭楯發達,因此兩觸角窩不相連;家蟻亞科大部分物種複眼功能完整,面葉(frontal lobes)發達,蓋住部分的觸角根(antennal insertion)[ 3] 。
族
2014年時從原本的20族減少為6族[ 4] :
切葉蟻族 Attini Smith, 1858
舉尾家蟻族 Crematogastrini Forel, 1893
家蟻族 Myrmicini Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835
毛收割家蟻族 Pogonomyrmecini Ward, Brady, Fisher & Schultz, 2015
火蟻族 Solenopsidini Forel, 1893
盲長家蟻族 Stenammini Ashmead, 1905
屬
2014年時,家蟻亞科下大量的屬被移動到不同的族或是其他亞科,以下為2014年更新後的版本[ 1] [ 4] :
切葉蟻族 Attini Smith, 1858
刺顎家蟻屬 Acanthognathus Mayr, 1887
擬切葉家蟻屬 顶切叶蚁属 Acromyrmex Mayr, 1865 外号:小A
Allomerus Mayr, 1878
Apterostigma Mayr, 1865
切葉家蟻屬 芭切叶蚁属屬 Atta Fabricius, 1804 外号:大A
†Attaichnus Laza, 1982
鈍角家蟻屬 Basiceros Schulz, 1906
Blepharidatta Wheeler, 1915
Cephalotes Latreille, 1802
Chimaeridris Wilson, 1989
Colobostruma Wheeler, 1927
Cyatta Sosa-Calvo et al. , 2013
Cyphomyrmex Mayr, 1862
針刺家蟻屬 Daceton Perty, 1833
Diaphoromyrma Fernández, Delabie & Nascimento, 2009
Epopostruma Forel, 1895
斜毛家蟻屬 Eurhopalothrix Brown & Kempf, 1961
Ishakidris Bolton, 1984
Kalathomyrmex Klingenberg & Brandão, 2009
Lachnomyrmex Wheeler, 1910
Lenomyrmex Fernández & Palacio, 1999
Mesostruma Brown, 1948
Microdaceton Santschi, 1913
Mycetagroicus Brandão & Mayhé-Nunes, 2001
Mycetarotes Emery, 1913
Mycetophylax Emery, 1913
Mycetosoritis Wheeler, 1907
Mycocepurus Forel, 1893
Myrmicocrypta Smith, 1860
Ochetomyrmex Mayr, 1878
Octostruma Forel, 1912
長顎家蟻屬 Orectognathus Smith, 1853
Paramycetophylax Kusnezov, 1956
Phalacromyrmex Kempf, 1960
大頭家蟻屬 大头蚁属 Pheidole Westwood, 1839
Pilotrochus Brown, 1978
Procryptocerus Emery, 1887
Protalaridris Brown, 1980
擬切葉蟻屬 Pseudoatta Gallardo, 1916
Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870
Sericomyrmex Mayr, 1865
瘤顎家蟻屬 瘤颚蚁属 Strumigenys Smith, 1860
Talaridris Weber, 1941
Trachymyrmex Forel, 1893
Tranopelta Mayr, 1866
小火蟻屬 沃氏蚁属Wasmannia Forel, 1893
舉尾家蟻族 Crematogastrini Forel, 1893
Acanthomyrmex Emery, 1893
Adlerzia Forel, 1902
Ancyridris Wheeler, 1935
Atopomyrmex André, 1889
Calyptomyrmex Emery, 1887
瘤突家蟻屬 Cardiocondyla Emery, 1869
寡家蚁属 盲切叶蚁属 Carebara Westwood, 1840
Cataulacus Smith, 1853
舉尾家蟻屬 举腹蚁属 Crematogaster Lund, 1831
Cyphoidris Weber, 1952
Dacatria Rigato, 1994
Dacetinops Brown & Wilson, 1957
Dicroaspis Emery, 1908
Dilobocondyla Santschi, 1910
Diplomorium Mayr, 1901
†Enneamerus Mayr, 1868
†Eocenomyrma Dlussky & Radchenko, 2006
Eutetramorium Emery, 1899
蟻居家蟻屬 Formicoxenus Mayr, 1855
Formosimyrma Terayama, 2009
Gauromyrmex Menozzi, 1933
Gaoligongidris Xu, 2012
Harpagoxenus Forel, 1893
Huberia Forel, 1890
†Hypopomyrmex Emery, 1891
虹家蟻屬 Indomyrma Brown, 1986
Kartidris Bolton, 1991
Lasiomyrma Terayama & Yamane, 2000
窄胸家蟻屬 Leptothorax Mayr, 1855
Liomyrmex Mayr, 1865
†Lonchomyrmex Mayr, 1867
背脊家蟻屬 Lophomyrmex Emery, 1892
溝家蟻屬 Lordomyrma Emery, 1897
Malagidris Bolton & Fisher, 2014
Mayriella Forel, 1902
Melissotarsus Emery, 1877
突胸家蟻屬 Meranoplus Smith, 1853
短腰家蟻屬 Metapone Forel, 1911
黑艷家蟻屬 Myrmecina Curtis, 1829
Myrmisaraka Bolton & Fisher, 2014
Nesomyrmex Wheeler, 1910
Ocymyrmex Emery, 1886
†Oxyidris Wilson, 1985
†Parameranoplus Wheeler, 1915
細腰家蟻屬 华丽蚁属 Paratopula Wheeler, 1919
Perissomyrmex Smith, 1947
Peronomyrmex Viehmeyer, 1922
Podomyrma Smith, 1859
Poecilomyrma Mann, 1921
雙針家蟻屬 Pristomyrmex Mayr, 1866
Proatta Forel, 1912
Propodilobus Branstetter, 2009
Recurvidris Bolton, 1992
粗跗家蟻屬 Rhopalomastix Forel, 1900
Romblonella Wheeler, 1935
Rostromyrmex Rosciszewski, 1994
Rotastruma Bolton, 1991
Royidris Bolton & Fisher, 2014
Secostruma Bolton, 1988
Stereomyrmex Emery, 1901
†Stigmomyrmex Mayr, 1868
†Stiphromyrmex Wheeler, 1915
Strongylognathus Mayr, 1853
Temnothorax Mayr, 1861
Terataner Emery, 1912
Tetheamyrma Bolton, 1991
皺家蟻屬 Tetramorium Mayr, 1855
Trichomyrmex Mayr, 1865
Vitsika Bolton & Fisher, 2014
網家蟻屬 Vollenhovia Mayr, 1865
Vombisidris Bolton, 1991
異家蟻屬 Xenomyrmex Forel, 1885
家蟻族 Myrmicini Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835
毛收割家蟻族 Pogonomyrmecini Ward, Brady, Fisher & Schultz, 2014
火家蟻族 Solenopsidini Forel, 1893
密家蟻屬 Adelomyrmex Emery, 1897
Anillomyrma Emery, 1913
Austromorium Shattuck, 2009
Baracidris Bolton, 1981
Bariamyrma Lattke, 1990
Bondroitia Forel, 1911
Cryptomyrmex Fernández, 2004
Dolopomyrmex Cover & Deyrup, 2007
Epelysidris Bolton, 1987
Kempfidris Fernández, Feitosa & Lattke, 2014
Megalomyrmex Forel, 1885
單家蟻屬 Monomorium Mayr, 1855
Myrmicaria Saunders, 1842
Oxyepoecus Santschi, 1926
Rogeria Emery, 1894
火家蟻屬 Solenopsis Westwood, 1840
Stegomyrmex Emery, 1912
Syllophopsis Santschi, 1915
Tropidomyrmex Silva, Feitosa, Brandão & Diniz, 2009
Tyrannomyrmex Fernández, 2003
盲長家蟻族 Stenammini Ashmead, 1905
地位未定 incertae sedis
†Afromyrma Dlussky, Brothers & Rasnitsyn, 2004
†Agastomyrma Dlussky, Rasnitsyn & Perfilieva, 2015
†Bilobomyrma Radchenko & Dlussky, 2013
†Biamomyrma Dlussky, Rasnitsyn & Perfilieva, 2015
†Boltonidris Radchenko & Dlussky, 2012
†Brachytarsites Hong, 2002
†Cephalomyrmex Carpenter, 1930
†Clavipetiola Hong, 2002
†Electromyrmex Wheeler, 1910
†Eocenidris Wilson, 1985
†Eomyrmex Hong, 1974
†Fallomyrma Dlussky & Radchenko, 2006
†Fushunomyrmex Hong, 2002
†Ilemomyrmex Wilson, 1985
†Miosolenopsis Zhang, 1989
†Myrmecites Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2003
†Orbigastrula Hong, 2002
†Quadrulicapito Hong, 2002
†Quineangulicapito Hong, 2002
†Sinomyrmex Hong, 2002
†Solenopsites Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2003
†Sphaerogasterites Hong, 2002
†Wumyrmex Hong, 2002
†Zhangidris Bolton, 2003
參考資料
^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Bolton, B. Myrmicinae . AntCat. 2014 [26 July 2014] .
^ Goulet, H & Huber, JT (eds.) (1993) Hymenoptera of the world: an identification guide to families. Agriculture Canada. p. 224
^ Subfamily: Myrmicinae . antweb.org. AntWeb . [7 November 2016] . (原始内容存档 于2019-08-19).
^ 4.0 4.1 Ward, Philip S.; Brady, Sean G.; Fisher, Brian L.; Schultz, Ted R. The evolution of myrmicine ants: phylogeny and biogeography of a hyperdiverse ant clade (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Systematic Entomology. July 2014, 40 (1). ISSN 1365-3113 . doi:10.1111/syen.12090 .
外部連結