^Estimates range between 130 and 150 million. 111 million in the Russian Federation (2010 census), about 16 million ethnic Russians in post-Soviet states (8 M in Ukraine, 4.5 M in Kazakhstan, 1 M in Belarus, 0.6 M Latvia, 0.6 M in Uzbekistan, 0.6 M in Kyrgyzstan. Up to 10 million Russian diaspora elsewhere (mostly Americas and Western Europe).
^including 36,522,000 single ethnic identity, 871,000 multiple ethnic identity (especially 431,000 Polish and Silesian, 216,000 Polish and Kashubian and 224,000 Polish and another identity) in Poland (according to the census 2011 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)) and estimated over 20,000,000 Polish Diaspora Świat Polonii, witryna Stowarzyszenia Wspólnota Polska: "Polacy za granicą" (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) (Polish people abroad as per summary by Świat Polonii, internet portal of the association Wspólnota Polska)
^ 22.022.1including 4,353,000 in Slovakia (according to the census 2011), 147,000 single ethnic identity, 19,000 multiple ethnic identity (especially 18,000 Czech and Slovak and 1,000 Slovak and another identity) in Czech Republic (according to the census 2011), 53,000 in Serbia (according to the census 2011 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)), 762,000 in the USA (according to the census 2010Archive.is的存檔,存档日期2020-02-12), 2,000 single ethnic identity and 1,000 multiple ethnic identity Slovak and Polish in Poland (according to the census 2011 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)), 21,000 single ethnic identity, 43,000 multiple ethnic identity in Canada (according to the census 2006 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆))
^Nasevski, Boško; Angelova, Dora; Gerovska, Dragica. Матица на Иселениците на Македонија [Matrix of Expatriates of Macedonia]. Skopje: Macedonian Expatriation Almanac '95. 1995: 52–53 (马其顿语).
Pål Kolstø, "The new Russian diaspora - an identity of its own? Possible identity trajectories for Russians in the former Soviet republic." Ethnic and Racial studies, July 1996, pp. 609–639
Pål Kolstø, "The price of stability. Kazakhstani control mechanisms in a bipolar cultural and demographic situation", paper presented at conf. Democracy and Pluralism in the Muslim Areas of the Former Soviet Union at The Cummings Center, University of Tel Aviv, 7–9 November 1999 [1](页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
Autin, Claire, «Les États baltes. Le défi des minorités russophones», Géographie et cultures, No. 38, 2001 :5-24