記述尺度は、語彙尺度よりも多くの単語から構成される傾向があるため、調査のための用紙のスペースを多く必要とし、回答の記入により時間がかかる。回答者は、例えば、物を元の場所に戻すのを忘れることが多いとか、ミスをしないように気をつけているといったことの頻度などを尋ねられる[12]。誠実性の記述尺度の中には、北米の集団において語彙尺度と同様の心理測定的特性を持つものがあるが、一般的にエミック(英語版)の発達のため、他の集団での使用には適していない[15]。例えば、「Often forget to put things back to its proper place」や「Am careful to avoid making mistakes」などの口語的な北米英語の文は、英語を母国語としない人には理解しにくいため、北米以外の人を対象とした研究では、国際的に検証された測定法の方が適している可能性がある。
^Carter, Nathan L.; Guan, Li; Maples, Jessica L.; Williamson, Rachel L.; Miller, Joshua D. (2015). “The downsides of extreme conscientiousness for psychological wellbeing: The role of obsessive compulsive tendencies”. Journal of PersonalityAccepted Article (4): 510-522. doi:10.1111/jopy.12177. PMID25858019.
^De Fruyt, F.; Van De Wiele, L.; Van Heeringen, C. (2000). “Cloninger's Psychobiological Model of Temperament and Character and the Five-Factor Model of Personality”. Personality and Individual Differences29 (3): 441-452. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(99)00204-4.
^DeYoung, C. G.; Quilty, L. C.; Peterson, J. B. (2007). “Between facets and domains: 10 aspects of the Big Five”. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology93 (5): 880-896. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.93.5.880. PMID17983306.
^ abGoldberg, L.R.; Johnson, JA; Eber, HW (2006). “The international personality item pool and the future of public-domain personality measures”. Journal of Research in Personality40 (1): 84-96. doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2005.08.007.
^Goldberg, L.R. (1992). “The development of markers for the Big-Five factor structure”. Psychological Assessment4 (1): 26-42. doi:10.1037/1040-3590.4.1.26.
^Saucier, G (1994). “Mini-Markers – a brief version of Goldberg's unipolar big-five markers”. Journal of Personality Assessment63 (3): 506-516. doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa6303_8. PMID7844738.
^Piedmont, R.L.; Chae, J.H. (1997). “Cross-cultural generalizability of the five-factor model of personality ? Development and validation of the NEO PI-R for Koreans”. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology28 (2): 131-155. doi:10.1177/0022022197282001.
^Luciano, M., Wainwright, M. A., Wright, M. J., & Martin, N. G. (2006). The heritability of conscientiousness facets and their relationship to IQ and academic achievement. Personality and Individual Differences, 40, 1189-1199.
^Murray, A. L.; Johnson, W.; McGue, M.; Iacono, W. G. (2014). “How are conscientiousness and cognitive ability related to one another? A re-examination of the intelligence compensation hypothesis”. Personality and Individual Differences70: 17-22. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2014.06.014.
^Moutafi, Joanna; Furnham, Adrian; Crump, John (2006). “What facets of openness and conscientiousness predict fluid intelligence score?”. Learning and Individual Differences16: 31-42. doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2005.06.003.
^Robert, Christopher; Cheung, Yu Ha (April 2010). “An examination of the relationship between conscientiousness and group performance on a creative task”. Journal of Research in Personality44 (2): 222-231. doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2010.01.005.
^Lepine, Jeffrey; Colquitt, Jason; Erez, Amir (2000). “Adaptability to changing task context: effects of general cognitive ability, conscientiousness, and openness to experience”. Personnel Psychology53 (3): 563-593. doi:10.1111/j.1744-6570.2000.tb00214.x.
^Saroglou, Vassilis (2002). “Religion and the five-factors of personality: A meta-analytic review.”. Personality and Individual Differences32: 15-25. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(00)00233-6.
^Gosling, S. (2008). Snoop: What your stuff says about you?. New York: Basic Books.
^Hirsh, J.B.; DeYoung, C.G.; Peterson, J.B. (2009). “Metatraits of the Big Five differentially predict engagement and restraint of behavior”. Journal of Personality77 (4): 1085-1101. doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2009.00575.x. PMID19558442.
^Higgins, D.M.; Peterson, J.B.; Lee, A.; Pihl, R.O. (2007). “Prefrontal cognitive ability, intelligence, Big Five personality and the prediction of advanced academic and workplace performance”. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology93 (2): 298-319. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.93.2.298. PMID17645401.
^Dewitt, S.; Schouwenburg, H. C. (2002). “Procrastination, temptations, and incentives: The struggle between the present and the future in procrastinators and the punctual”. European Journal of Personality16 (6): 469-489. doi:10.1002/per.461.
^ abcdefRoberts, B.W.; Jackson, J.J.; Fayard, J.V.; Edmonds, G.; Meints, J (2009). “Chapter 25. Conscientiousness”. In Mark R. Leary, & Rick H. Hoyle. Handbook of Individual Differences in Social Behavior. New York/London: The Guildford Press. pp. 257-273. ISBN978-1-59385-647-2
^M. K. Mount, M. R. Barrick and G. L. Stewart (1998). “Five-factor model of personality and Performance in jobs involving interpersonal interactions”. Human Performance11 (2): 145-165. doi:10.1080/08959285.1998.9668029.
^Walton, KE; Roberts, BW. (2004). “On the relationship between substance use and personality traits: abstainers are not maladjusted”. J. Res. Personal38 (6): 515-535. doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2004.01.002.
^Blickle, G.; Schlegel, A. (2006). “Some Personality Correlates of Business White-Collar Crime”. Applied Psychology55 (2): 220-233. doi:10.1111/j.1464-0597.2006.00226.x.
^Soto, C. J. (2019). How replicable are links between personality traits and consequential life outcomes? The life outcomes of personality replication project. Psychological Science, 30, 711-727.
^Carney, D. R., Jost, J. T., Gosling, S. D., & Potter, J. (2008). The secret lives of liberals and conservatives: Personality profiles, interaction styles, and the things they leave behind. Political Psychology, 29, 807-840.
^Sibley, Chris G.; Osborne, Danny; Duckitt, John (2012). “Personality and political orientation: Meta-analysis and test of a Threat-Constraint Model”. Journal of Research in Personality46 (6): 664-677. doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2012.08.002.
^Brown, T. J., Mowen, J. C., Donavan, D. T., & Licata, J. W. (2002). The customer orientation of service workers: Personality trait effects on self-and supervisor performance ratings. Journal ofMarketing Research, 39, 110-119.
^Neal, A., Yeo, G., Koy, A., & Xiao, T. (2012). Predicting the form and direction of work role performance from the Big 5 model of personality traits. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 33, 175-192.
^Davidson, A., & Theriault, D. A. (2021). How Consumer Experience Is Shaped by the Political Orientation of Service Providers. Journal of Consumer Psychology.
^Sibley, Chris; Duckitt, John (2008). “Personality and Prejudice: A Meta-Analysis and Theoretical Review”. Pers Soc Psychol Rev12 (3): 248-279. doi:10.1177/1088868308319226. PMID18641385.
^Palmer, Carl (2014). The Prejudiced Personality? Using the Big Five to Predict Susceptibility to Stereotyping Behavior. Illinois State University ? Department of Politics and Government. SSRN2455759.