Nepenthes singalana

Nepenthes singalana
Lower pitcher of Nepenthes singalana from Mount Belirang.
Conservation status
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Order:	Caryophyllales
Family:	Nepenthaceae
Genus:	Nepenthes
Species:	N. singalana
Binomial name
Nepenthes singalana Becc. (1886)
Synonyms
Synonyms Nepenthes junghuhnii Macfarl. ex Ridl. (1917) Nepenthes pectinata Danser (1928) [=N. gymnamphora/N. singalana] N. pectinata × N. singalana Danser (1928) Heterochresonyms Nepenthes singalana auct. non Becc.: Macfarl. (1908)[2] [=N. alba/N. singalana] Nepenthes singalana auct. non Becc.: Macfarl. (1914)[3] [=N. alba] Nepenthes singalana auct. non Becc.: Tamin & M.Hotta in M.Hotta (1986) [=N. bongso/N. densiflora?/N. gymnamphora/N. lavicola/N. singalana/N. spathulata]

Nepenthes singalana (/nɪˈpɛnθiːz ˌsɪŋɡəˈlɑːnə/; after Mount Singgalang, West Sumatra) is a tropical pitcher plant endemic to the island of Sumatra, where it grows at 2000–2900 m above sea level.[4] It is most closely allied to N. diatas and N. spathulata.

Taxonomy

In 2001, Charles Clarke performed a cladistic analysis of the Nepenthes species of Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia using 70 morphological characteristics of each taxon. The following is part of the resultant cladogram, showing "Clade 3", which comprises N. singalana and three other related species.[5]

	N. densiflora unnamed N. diatas unnamed N. singalana N. spathulata

Natural hybrids

The following natural hybrids involving N. singalana have been recorded.

• N. aristolochioides × N. singalana[5]
• N. bongso × N. singalana[5]
• N. gymnamphora × N. singalana[5]
• N. inermis × N. singalana[6]
• ? N. singalana × N. spathulata[5]

• 
  ? N. singalana × N. spathulata

References

1. Clarke, C.M. (2018). "Nepenthes singalana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T39696A143964354. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T39696A143964354.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
2. Macfarlane, J.M. 1908. Nepenthaceae. In: A. Engler. Das Pflanzenreich IV, III, Heft 36: 1–91.
3. Macfarlane, J.M. 1914. Family XCVI. Nepenthaceæ. [pp. 279–288] In: J.S. Gamble. Materials for a flora of the Malayan Peninsula, No. 24. Journal & Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 75(3): 279–391.
4. McPherson, S.R. & A. Robinson 2012. Field Guide to the Pitcher Plants of Sumatra and Java. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.
5. Clarke, C.M. 2001. Nepenthes of Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.
6. McPherson, S.R. 2009. Pitcher Plants of the Old World. 2 volumes. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.

Further reading

• Bauer, U., C.J. Clemente, T. Renner & W. Federle 2012. Form follows function: morphological diversification and alternative trapping strategies in carnivorous Nepenthes pitcher plants. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 25(1): 90–102. doi:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2011.02406.x
• Clarke, C. & C.C. Lee 2012. A revision of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae) from Gunung Tahan, Peninsular Malaysia. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 64(1): 33–49.
• (in Indonesian) Desti 2009. Anatomi daun dua jenis kantung semar (Nepenthes ampullaria Jack dan Nepenthes singalana Becc.). Thesis, Andalas University, Padang. Abstract
• Hernawati & P. Akhriadi 2006. A Field Guide to the Nepenthes of Sumatra. PILI-NGO Movement, Bogor.
• Macfarlane, J.M. 1914. Family XCVI. Nepenthaceæ. [pp. 279–288] In: J.S. Gamble. Materials for a flora of the Malayan Peninsula, No. 24. Journal & Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 75(3): 279–391.
• (in Indonesian) Mansur, M. 2001. "Koleksi Nepenthes di Herbarium Bogoriense: prospeknya sebagai tanaman hias" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-19. In: Prosiding Seminar Hari Cinta Puspa dan Satwa Nasional. Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, Bogor. pp. 244–253.
• (in German) Meimberg, H. 2002. "Molekular-systematische Untersuchungen an den Familien Nepenthaceae und Ancistrocladaceae sowie verwandter Taxa aus der Unterklasse Caryophyllidae s. l." (PDF). Ph.D. thesis, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich.
• Meimberg, H. & G. Heubl 2006. Introduction of a nuclear marker for phylogenetic analysis of Nepenthaceae. Plant Biology 8(6): 831–840. doi:10.1055/s-2006-924676
• Meimberg, H., S. Thalhammer, A. Brachmann & G. Heubl 2006. Comparative analysis of a translocated copy of the trnK intron in carnivorous family Nepenthaceae. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 39(2): 478–490. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2005.11.023
• Renner, T. & C.D. Specht 2011. A sticky situation: assessing adaptations for plant carnivory in the Caryophyllales by means of stochastic character mapping. International Journal of Plant Sciences 172(7): 889–901. doi:10.1086/660882
• Ridley, H.N. 1915. Nepenthaceæ. [pp. 168–169] In: XIII. The botany of Gunong Tahan, Pahang. Journal of the Federated Malay States Museums 6: 127–202.
• Rottloff, S., U. Müller, R. Kilper & A. Mithöfer 2009. Micropreparation of single secretory glands from the carnivorous plant Nepenthes. Analytical Biochemistry 394(1): 135–137. doi:10.1016/j.ab.2009.07.013
• Rottloff, S., R. Stieber, H. Maischak, F.G. Turini, G. Heubl & A. Mithöfer 2011. Functional characterization of a class III acid endochitinase from the traps of the carnivorous pitcher plant genus, Nepenthes. Journal of Experimental Botany 62(13): 4639–4647. doi:10.1093/jxb/err173
• Shivas, R.G. 1984. "Three Nepenthes from the Padang Highlands" (PDF). Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 13(1): 10–15.
• (in Indonesian) Syamsuardi & R. Tamin 1994. Kajian kekerabatan jenis-jenis Nepenthes di Sumatera Barat. Project report, Andalas University, Padang. Abstract
• (in Indonesian) Syamsuardi 1995. Klasifikasi numerik kantong semar (Nepenthes) di Sumatera Barat. [Numerical classification of pitcher plants (Nepenthes) in West Sumatra.] Journal Matematika dan Pengetahuan Alam 4(1): 48–57. Abstract
• Wistuba, A. & H. Rischer 1996. Nepenthes lavicola, a new species of Nepenthaceae from the Aceh Province in the North of Sumatra. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 25(4): 106-111.

External links

• A lower pitcher of N. singalana imaged using optical projection tomography
• Inner World of Nepenthes singalana from the John Innes Centre Archived 2020-04-23 at the Wayback Machine