List of Hawaiian monarchs

The Monarchy of Hawaii is the direct successor to the monarchies of Hawaiʻi, Oʻahu, Maui, Kauaʻi and Molokaʻi. For those, see Aliʻi nui of Hawaii, Aliʻi nui of Oahu, Aliʻi nui of Maui, Aliʻi nui of Kauai and Aliʻi nui of Molokai.

See also: List of Hawaiian consorts

Monarchy of Hawaiʻi
Royal Coat of Arms (1845)
Longest reigning Kamehameha III June 6, 1825 – December 15, 1854
Details
Style	See below
First monarch	Kamehameha I
Last monarch	Liliʻuokalani
Formation	1795
Abolition	1893 (de facto) 1895 (de jure)
Residence	ʻIolani Palace (1845–1893)

Kamehameha I established the Hawaiian Kingdom in 1795 after conquering most of the Hawaiian Islands. In 1810, Kaumualiʻi became a vassal of Kamehameha I, who therefore emerged as the sole sovereign of the island chain of Hawaiʻi. His dynasty lasted until 1872, and his Kingdom lasted until 1893, when Queen Liliʻuokalani, of the Kalākaua dynasty, was deposed by pro-United States businessmen who led the overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom. The monarchy was officially ended on January 24, 1895, when Liliʻuokalani formally abdicated in response to an attempt to restore the royal government. On November 23, 1993, the Congress passed Public Law 103-150, also known as the Apology Resolution, acknowledging the American role in the overthrow of the Hawaiian monarchy. President Bill Clinton signed the joint resolution the same day.

Hawaiian Monarchs (1795–1893)

Name	Portrait	Birth	Marriage(s)	Death
Kamehameha I Spring, 1795 – May 8, 1819		c. 1758 Moʻokini Heiau, Kohala, Hawaiʻi island son of Keōua and Kekuʻiapoiwa	various	May 8, 1819 Kamakahonu, Kailua-Kona, Kona, Hawaiʻi island aged 61?
Kamehameha II May 20, 1819 – July 14, 1824		November 1797 Hilo, Hawaiʻi island son of Kamehameha I and Keōpūolani	(1) Kamāmalu (2) Kīnaʻu (3) Kekāuluohi (4) Kalanipauahi (5) Kekauʻōnohi (6) Kekaihaʻakūlou	July 14, 1824 Caledonian Hotel, London, England aged 27
Kamehameha III June 6, 1825 – December 15, 1854		August 11, 1813 Keauhou Bay, North Kona, Hawaiʻi island son of Kamehameha I and Keōpūolani	Kalama Honolulu, Oʻahu 14 February 1837 two sons	December 15, 1854 Honolulu, Oʻahu aged 41
Kamehameha IV January 11, 1855 – November 30, 1863		February 9, 1834 Honolulu, Oʻahu biological son of Kekūanaōʻa and Kīnaʻu and hānai son of Kamehameha III and Kalama	Emma Rooke Kawaiahaʻo Church, Honolulu, Oʻahu 19 June 1856 one son	November 30, 1863 Honolulu, Oʻahu aged 29
Kamehameha V November 30, 1863 – December 11, 1872		December 11, 1830 Honolulu, Oʻahu biological son of Kekūanaōʻa and Kīnaʻu and hānai son of Nāhiʻenaʻena (later) Hoapili and Kaheiheimālie	Never married	December 11, 1872 ʻIolani Palace, Honolulu, Oʻahu aged 42
Lunalilo January 8, 1873 – February 3, 1874		January 31, 1835 Pohukaina, Honolulu, Oʻahu son of Kanaʻina and Kekāuluohi	Never married	February 3, 1874 Haimoeipo, Honolulu, Oʻahu aged 39
Kalākaua February 12, 1874 – January 20, 1891		November 16, 1836 Honolulu, Oʻahu biological son of Kapaʻakea and Keohokālole and hānai son of Kinimaka and Haʻaheo Kaniu	Kapiʻolani Honolulu, Oʻahu December 19, 1863	January 20, 1891 Palace Hotel, San Francisco, California, United States aged 54
Liliʻuokalani January 29, 1891 – January 17, 1893		September 2, 1838 Honolulu, Oʻahu biological daughter of Kapaʻakea and Keohokālole and hānai daughter of Pākī and Kōnia	John Owen Dominis ʻAikupika, Haleakala Estate, Honolulu, Oʻahu September 16, 1862	November 11, 1917 Washington Place, Honolulu, Oʻahu aged 79

Styles

Period	Style	Used by
1795–1852	Hawaiian: Aliʻi Nui English: High Chief[1][2] Meaning: Originally meaning "Great Chief" of a single island[3][4] (not the same as a European king)[3]	Kamehameha I Kamehameha II Kamehameha III
1852–1887	Hawaiian: Aliʻi o ko Hawaiʻi Pae ʻAina English: Monarch of the Hawaiian Islands	Kamehameha III Kamehameha IV Kamehameha V Lunalilo Kalākaua
1863–1887	Hawaiian: Ma ka Lokomaikaʻi o ke Akua, Ke Aliʻi o ko Hawaiʻi Pae ʻAina English: By the grace of God, the Monarch of the Hawaiian Islands	Kamehameha IV Kamehameha V Lunalilo Kalākaua Liliuokalani I
1887–1891	Hawaiian: Ma ka Lokomaikaʻi o ke Akua, Moʻi o ko Hawaiʻi Pae ʻAina English: By the grace of God, King of the Hawaiian Islands	Kalākaua
1891–1893	Hawaiian: Ma ka Lokomaikaʻi o ke Akua, Moʻi Wahine o ko Hawaiʻi Pae ʻAina English: By the grace of God, Queen of the Hawaiian Islands	Liliuokalani

Timeline

See also

• House of Keoua
• House of Kawānanakoa
• List of governors of Hawaii

References

1. Roger S. Gottlieb (November 7, 2003). This Sacred Earth: Religion, Nature, Environment. Routledge. pp. 126–. ISBN 978-1-136-91539-0.
2. Mary Māmaka Kaiao Kuleana kope. "Hawaiian Dictionaries". University of Hawaii Press. Retrieved October 5, 2014.
3. e. Craighill Handy (December 15, 1989). Ancient Hawaiian Civilization: A Series of Lectures Delivered at THE KAMEHAMEHA SCHOOLS. Tuttle Publishing. pp. 33–34. ISBN 978-1-4629-0438-9.
4. Margaret Jolly (1989). Family and Gender in the Pacific: Domestic Contradictions and the Colonial Impact. Cambridge University Press. pp. 50–. ISBN 978-0-521-34667-2.

Bibliography

• Alexander, William DeWitt (1891). "Appendix H: Sovereigns of the Hawaiian Islands". A Brief History of the Hawaiian People. New York: American Book Company. p. 331. OCLC 187412143.
• Cartwright, Bruce (1930). "Note on Hawaiian Genealogies". Thirty-eighth annual report of the Hawaiian Historical Society for the year 1929. Hawaiian Historical Society. pp. 45–47. hdl:10524/33.
• Kamakau, Samuel (1992) [1961]. Ruling Chiefs of Hawaii (Revised ed.). Honolulu: Kamehameha Schools Press. ISBN 0-87336-014-1. OCLC 25008795.
• Kuykendall, Ralph Simpson (1965) [1938]. The Hawaiian Kingdom 1778–1854, Foundation and Transformation. Vol. 1. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 0-87022-431-X. OCLC 47008868.
• Kuykendall, Ralph Simpson (1953). The Hawaiian Kingdom 1854–1874, Twenty Critical Years. Vol. 2. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-87022-432-4. OCLC 47010821.
• Kuykendall, Ralph Simpson (1967). The Hawaiian Kingdom 1874–1893, The Kalakaua Dynasty. Vol. 3. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-87022-433-1. OCLC 500374815.
• Osorio, Jon Kamakawiwoʻole (2002). Dismembering Lāhui: A History of the Hawaiian Nation to 1887. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 0-8248-2549-7. OCLC 48579247.
• Taylor, Albert Pierce (1922). Under Hawaiian Skies: A Narrative of the Romance, Adventure and History of the Hawaiian Islands. Honolulu: Advertiser Publishing Company, Ltd. p. 399. OCLC 479709.

External links

• Hawaiian Head of State
• Kingdom of Hawaii