Liang (state)

State of Liang
梁
State of Liang 梁
?–641 BCE
	Liang is a state in the western region, near Qin and Jin
Status	Annexed by Qin
Government	Monarchy
Historical era	Eastern Zhou
• Established	?
• Internal collapse followed by annexation.	641 BCE
Preceded by	Succeeded by
	?
Qin (state)
Today part of	People's Republic of China

Liang (Chinese: 梁; pinyin: Liáng) was one of the states during the Spring and Autumn period of ancient China, bordering the State of Qin, which collapsed due to internal strife^[1]^[2]^[3] and was later annexed by Duke Mu of Qin in 641 BCE. The rulers of Liang had the surname Ying (嬴).^[4] The capital of Liang was located south of modern City of Hancheng in Shaanxi.^[5]

In 703 BC, the rulers of the five states of Western Guo, Rui, Xun (荀國) and Jia (賈國), including the State of Liang, suppressed Duke Wu of Quwo using armed force.^[6]

In 654 BC, Prince Yiwu from the State of Jin escaped to Liang.^[a]^[7] The ruler of Liang (梁伯) betrothed his daughter Liang Ying (梁嬴) to Prince Yiwu.^[4]

In 642 BC, the ruler of Liang wanted to build a new capital but it was seized by the State of Qin after it was completed.^[8]

In 641 BC, Liang was conquered by the State of Qin. According to the Zuo Zhuan, the Liang people were not able to bear the work given to them by the ruler of Liang so that the State of Qin easily conquered Liang.^[9]

Liang in astronomy

Liang is represented by the star Delta Ophiuchi in asterism Right Wall, Heavenly Market enclosure (see Chinese constellation).^[10]

References

^ Miller, H. (2015-03-18). The Gongyang Commentary on The Spring and Autumn Annals: A Full Translation. Springer. p. 157. ISBN 978-1-137-49300-2.
^ Dong, Zhongshu (2015-12-15). Luxuriant Gems of the Spring and Autumn. Columbia University Press. p. 148. ISBN 978-0-231-53961-6.
^ 左丘明 (1996). 左传 (in Chinese). 湖南人民出版社. p. 239. ISBN 978-7-5438-1570-4.
^ ^a ^b Yang Bojun, "Zuo Zhuan 17th Year of Xigong", Zhonghua Publishing 1990, p372
^ "陕西韩城梁代村两周墓群考古". SXTVS (in Simplified Chinese). 2011-07-23. Archived from the original on 23 July 2011. Retrieved 2024-08-07.
^ Yang Bojun, "Zuo Zhuan 9th Year of Xigong", Zhonghua Publishing 1990, p126
^ Yang Bojun, "Zuo Zhuan 6th Year of Xigong", Zhonghua Publishing 1990, p313
^ Yang Bojun, "Zuo Zhuan 18th Year of Xigong", Zhonghua Publishing 1990, p379
^ Yang Bojun, "Zuo Zhuan 19th Year of Xigong", Zhonghua Publishing 1990, p384
^ (in Chinese) AEEA (Activities of Exhibition and Education in Astronomy) 天文教育資訊網 2006 年 6 月 24 日