緻密油頁岩地層是非均質的,並且在相對較短的距離內變化很大。 壓裂緻密油藏可分為四個類型[6]。 I 型基質的孔隙度和滲透率很小——導致裂縫主導著儲存能力和流體流動路徑。 II 型基質孔隙度和滲透率低,但基質提供儲存能力,而裂縫提供流體流動路徑。 III 型是微孔儲層,基質孔隙度高,但基質滲透率低,因此在流體流動路徑中誘導裂縫占主導地位。 Ⅳ類為大孔隙儲層,基質孔隙度和滲透率高,基質既提供儲量,又提供流道,而裂縫僅提高滲透率。
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