在1922年,Ermin C. Case敘述了一個部份脊椎(編號UMMP 7507),該化石發現於德州克勞斯貝郡的Dockum組,年代為上三疊紀卡尼階;Ermin C. Case將牠們歸類於腔骨龍的一種,但當時對於腔骨龍的所知有限[1]。他認為該動物的身長約2.5公尺[1]。其他的化石材料也被歸類於此,包含一個股骨(編號UMMP 3396)[1]、一個腸骨(編號UMMP 8870)、以及一個頭蓋骨基部(編號UMMP 7473)
[2]。這些額外的化石現在已被歸類於不同的三疊紀動物,這些動物在當時所知有限,或是不被瞭解;股骨被歸類於堅蜥目,可能為鏈鱷[3];腸骨被歸類於艾雷拉龍下目,可能為欽迪龍或盒龍[4];而頭蓋骨基部則被歸類於勞氏鱷目的波斯特鱷[5]。
在1932年,德國古生物學家休尼博士將這動物建立為新屬棘鱷龍(Spinosuchus),並以Ermin C. Case作為種名[6]。他認為棘鱷龍屬於快足龍科[6]。但自從1970年以來,棘鱷龍被認為不屬於恐龍[7][8][9]。然而,阿德里安·亨特(Adrian Hunt)等人的1998年研究根據牠們的中空脊椎,認為棘鱷龍屬於獸腳亞目,可能是艾雷拉龍科[3]。在1999年度的脊椎動物化石學會會議與非正式的論文中,Richards認為棘鱷龍所擁有的不同衍徵,與不同的恐龍次演化支相符合,但也可見於不同的基礎主龍類演化支;而保存不好而且扭曲的脊椎,並沒有足夠證據可歸類於任何一個主龍類的主要演化支,但與三稜龍目有某些相似點[10][11]S。terling Nesbitt、Randall Irmis、以及William Parkers發表了一系列關於三疊紀恐龍演化的研究,他們認為棘鱷龍是個有效屬。然而,他們將棘鱷龍歸類於主龍形類,而非Richards所主張的三稜龍目[12]。但究竟牠是甚麼則需更多的骨骸才能確定[13]。在2009年,Justin Spielmann等人發現棘鱷龍是三稜龍的近親,將棘鱷龍歸類於三稜龍目[14]。
參考資料
^ 1.01.11.2Case, E.C. (1922). New reptiles and stegocephalians from the Upper Triassic of western Texas. Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication 321. 84 p.
^Case, E.C. (1927). The vertebral column of Coelophysis Cope. Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 2:209-222.
^ 3.03.1Hunt, A.P, Lucas, S.G., Heckert, A.B., Sullivan, R.M., and Lockley, M.G. (1998). Late Triassic dinosaurs from the western United States. Geobios 31(4):511-531.
^Long, R.A., and Murry, P.A. (1995). Late Triassic (Carnian and Norian) tetrapods from the southwestern United States.New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 4:1-154.
^Chatterjee, S. (1985). Postosuchus, a new thecodontian reptile from the Triassic of Texas and the origin of tyrannosaurs . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B: Biological Sciences 309(1139):395-460.
^ 6.06.1von Huene, F. (1932). Die fossile Reptil-Ordnung Saurischia, ihte Entwicklung und Geschichte. Monographien zur Geologie und Palaeontologie 1(4). 361 p. [German]
^Zhang, F-K. (1975). A new thecodont Lotosaurus, from Middle Triassic of Hunan. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 8(3):144-147.
^Padian, K. (1986). On the type material of Coelophysis Cope (Saurischia: Theropoda) and a new specimen from the Petrified Forest of Arizona (Late Triassic: Chinle Formation). In: Padian, K. (ed.). The Beginning of the Age of Dinosaurs. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge. 45-60. ISBN 0521367794
^Murry, P.A., and Long, R.A. (1989). Geology and paleontology of the Chinle Formation, Petrified Forest National Park and vicinity, Arizona and a discussion of vertebrate fossils of the southwestern Upper Triassic. In: Lucas, S.G., and Hunt, A.P. (eds.). Dawn of the Age of Dinosaurs in the American Southwest. New Mexico Museum of Natural History: Albuquerque, New Mexico. 29-64. ISBN 0122268105
^Richards, H.R. (1999a). Is Spinosuchus a dinosaur? Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 19(Supplement to 3), Abstracts of Papers, Fifty-Ninth Annual Meeting, 70A.
^Richards, H.R. M.S. (1999b). Osteology and relationships of Spinosuchus caseanus Huene, 1932 from Texas (Dockum Group, Upper Triassic): a new interpretation. December 17, 1999. Richard J. Zakrzewski, Thesis Advisor. Fort Hays University, Department of Geosciences.
^Nesbitt, Sterling J.; Irmis, Randall B.; and Parker, William G. A critical re-evaluation of the Late Triassic dinosaur taxa of North America. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 2007, 5 (2): 209–243.引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助)
^Glut, D.F. (2002). Is Spinosuchus a theropod? In: Glut, D.F. Dinosaurs: The Encyclopedia. 2nd Supplement. McFarland & Company, Inc.:Jefferson, North Carolina, 46-48. ISBN 0-7864-1166-X