↑Khadduri, pp. 15–16 (Translator's Introduction). Khadduri cites for this story Yaqut's Mu‘jam al-Udabā, vol. VI pp. 394–95 (ed. Margoliouth, London: 1931), and Ibn Hajar's Tawālī al-Ta'sīs, p. 86.
↑Schacht, Joseph (1959) [1950]. The Origins of Muhammadan Jurisprudence. Oxford University Press. p. 1.
↑Snouck Hurgronje, C. Verspreide Geschriften. v.ii. 1923-7, page 286-315
↑Étude sur la théorie du droit musulman (Paris : Marchal et Billard, 1892–1898.)
↑Margoliouth, D.S., The Early Development of Mohammedanism, 1914, page 65ff
↑Schacht, Joseph in Encyclopedia of Islam, 1913 v.IV, sv Usul
↑Abrahamov, Binyamin (1998). "Chapter 3: Traditionalism Against Rationalism- The Traditionalists' Criticism of the use of Rational Methods". Islamic Theology: Traditionalism and Rationalism. George Square, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. pp. 28–29. ISBN0-7486-1102-9. Al-Shafi'ī's attitude towards the Mutakallimun was no less severe. His judgement of them is that they should be smitten with palm branches and shoes in the presence of many people and then it will be said: this is the punishment of those who abandoned the Qur'an and the Sunna and turned to the Kalam.
↑Ruthven Malise, Islam in the World. 3rd edition Granta Books London 2006 ch. 4, page 122
↑David Waines, An Introduction to Islam, Cambridge University Press, 2003, p. 68
↑Glodziher, Dr. Ignaz (2008). "Chapter 3". The Zahiris, Their Doctrine and their History: A Contribution to the History of Islamic Theology. Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill Publishers. p. 23. ISBN978-90-04-16241 9.
Ruthven Malise, Islam in the World. 3rd edition Granta Books London 2006 ch. 4
Majid Khadduri (trans.), "al-Shafi'i's Risala: Treatise on the Foundation of Islamic Jurisprudence". Islamic Texts Society 1961, reprinted 1997. ISBN0-946621-15-2.
al-Shafi'i, Muhammad b. Idris,"The Book of the Amalgamation of Knowledge" translated by Aisha Y. Musa in Hadith as Scripture: Discussions on The Authority Of Prophetic Traditions in Islam, New York: Palgrave, 2008
Helal M Abu Taher, Char Imam (Four Imams), Islamic Foundation, Dhaka,1980.