↑Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913). "Natural product". Free Online Dictionary and C. & G. Merriam Co. A chemical substance produced by a living organism; - a term used commonly in reference to chemical substances found in nature that have distinctive pharmacological effects. Such a substance is considered a natural product even if it can be prepared by total synthesis.
↑"All natural". Nature Chemical Biology. 3 (7): 351. July 2007. doi:10.1038/nchembio0707-351. PMID17576412. The simplest definition for a natural product is a small molecule that is produced by a biological source.
↑Samuelson G (1999). Drugs of Natural Origin: A Textbook of Pharmacognosy. Taylor & Francis Ltd. ISBN9789186274818.
↑National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (2013-07-13). "Natural Products Research—Information for Researchers | NCCIH". U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. Natural products include a large and diverse group of substances from a variety of sources. They are produced by marine organisms, bacteria, fungi, and plants. The term encompasses complex extracts from these producers, but also the isolated compounds derived from those extracts. It also includes vitamins, minerals and probiotics.
↑"About Us". Natural Products Foundation. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2013-12-07. Natural products are represented by a wide array of consumer goods that continue to grow in popularity each year. These products include natural and organic foods, dietary supplements, pet foods, health and beauty products, "green" cleaning supplies and more. Generally, natural products are considered those formulated without artificial ingredients and that are minimally processed.
↑Hanson JR (2003). Natural Products: the Secondary Metabolite. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry. ISBN0-85404-490-6. Natural products are organic compounds that are formed by living systems.
↑"Natural Products". Stedman's Medical Dictionary. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2016-08-03. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2013-12-07. Natural products: naturally occurring compounds that are end products of secondary metabolism; often, they are unique compounds for particular organisms or classes of organisms.
↑Williams DA, Lemke TL (2002). "Chapter 1: Natural Products". Foye's Principles of Medicinal Chemistry (5th ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams Wilkins. p. 25. ISBN0-683-30737-1. Natural product: A single chemical compound that occurs naturally. This term is typically used to refer to an organic compound of limited distribution in nature (often called secondary metabolites).
↑Maplestone RA, Stone MJ, Williams DH (June 1992). "The evolutionary role of secondary metabolites--a review". Gene. 115 (1–2): 151–7. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(92)90553-2. PMID1612430.
↑ 14.014.1Karlovsky P (2008). Secondary Metabolites in Soil Ecology. Soil Biology. Vol. 14. pp. 1–19. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-74543-3_1. ISBN978-3-540-74542-6. The current, generally accepted concept in line with Kossel’s view is that primary metabolites are chemical components of living organisms that are vital for their normal functioning, while secondary metabolites are compounds which are dispensable.
↑Boal D (2006). Mechanics of the Cell (4th printing ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN978-0-521-79681-1.
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↑Williams DH, Stone MJ, Hauck PR, Rahman SK (1989). "Why are secondary metabolites (natural products) biosynthesized?". Journal of Natural Products. 52 (6): 1189–208. doi:10.1021/np50066a001. PMID2693613.
↑Demain AL, Fang A (2000). "The natural functions of secondary metabolites". History of Modern Biotechnology I. Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology. Vol. 69. pp. 1–39. doi:10.1007/3-540-44964-7_1. ISBN978-3-540-67793-2. PMID11036689.
↑Bauer A, Brönstrup M (January 2014). "Industrial natural product chemistry for drug discovery and development". Natural Product Reports. 31 (1): 35–60. doi:10.1039/c3np70058e. PMID24142193.
↑Hallett M, Albanese A, Dressler D, Segal KR, Simpson DM, Truong D, Jankovic J (June 2013). "Evidence-based review and assessment of botulinum neurotoxin for the treatment of movement disorders". Toxicon. 67 (June): 94–114. doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.12.004. PMID23380701.
↑"Bleomycin". US National Library of Medicine. สืบค้นเมื่อ 28 January 2015.
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↑Thornburg CC, Zabriskie TM, McPhail KL (March 2010). "Deep-sea hydrothermal vents: potential hot spots for natural products discovery?". Journal of Natural Products. 73 (3): 489–99. doi:10.1021/np900662k. PMID20099811.
↑Beekman AM, Barrow RA (2014). "Fungal metabolites as pharmaceuticals". Aust J Chem. 67 (6): 827–843. doi:10.1071/ch13639.
↑Kano S (May 2014). "Artemisinin-based combination therapies and their introduction in Japan". Kansenshogaku Zasshi. The Journal of the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases. 88 (3 Suppl 9-10): 18–25. PMID24979951.
↑Russo P, Frustaci A, Del Bufalo A, Fini M, Cesario A (2013). "Multitarget drugs of plants origin acting on Alzheimer's disease". Current Medicinal Chemistry. 20 (13): 1686–93. doi:10.2174/0929867311320130008. PMID23410167.
↑Dossey AT (January 2010). "Insects and their chemical weaponry: new potential for drug discovery". Natural Product Reports. 27 (12): 1737–57. doi:10.1039/C005319H. PMID20957283.