La kynurénine est synthétisée par l'enzyme tryptophane dioxygénase qui se retrouve surtout mais pas uniquement dans le foie et l'indole-amine 2,3-dioxygénase qui est produite dans de nombreux tissus à la suite d'une activation du système immunitaire[2].
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↑Wonodi I, Stine OC, Sathyasaikumar KV, Roberts RC, Mitchell BD, Hong LE, Kajii Y, Thaker GK, Schwarcz R, « Downregulated kynurenine 3-monooxygenase gene expression and enzyme activity in schizophrenia and genetic association with schizophrenia endophenotypes », Arch. Gen. Psychiatry, vol. 68, no 7, , p. 665–74 (PMID21727251, PMCID3855543, DOI10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.71)