Timeline of Brno

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Brno, Moravia, Czech Republic.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Prior to 20th century

• 980-1020 - Basilica of the Assumption of Our Lady founded.
• 11th C. - Vratislaus II of Bohemia bestows the town on his younger brother Otto I of Olomouc.[1]
• early 13th C. - Church of St. James established.[1]
• mid 13th C. - Špilberk Castle established.[1]
• 1229 - Brno charter endorsed by Ottocar I of Bohemia.[2]
• 1243 - City incorporated.[2]
• 1296 - Cathedral of St. Peter and Paul established.[3]
• 1343 - Old Town Hall (Brno) [de] in use.^[citation needed]
• 1356 - Church of St. Thomas consecrated.
• 1428 - Brno unsuccessfully besieged by Hussites.[1]
• 1451 - 27 July: expulsion of the Jews.[4]
• 1467 - Brno besieged by forces of George of Bohemia.[1]
• 1485 - First printing press in operation.[5]
• 1645 - Brno besieged by Swedish forces led by Lennart Torstensson.[1]
• 1655 - Dolní Kounice Synagogue founded.
• 1742 - Brno besieged by Prussians.[1]
• 1766 - Cloth factory begins operating.[6]
• 1777 - Roman Catholic Diocese of Brno established;[7][3] Mathias Franz Graf von Chorinsky Freiherr von Ledske becomes bishop.
• 1780s - Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor evicts the friars from St Thomas's Abbey.[1]
• 1782 - Brno becomes capital of Moravia-Silesia.
• 1786 - Lužánky Park established.
• 1805 - 2 December: Battle of Austerlitz occurs near Brno; forces of Napoleon headquartered in city.[2][1]
• 1818 - Museum Francisceum founded.[8]

Náměstí Svobody (Liberty Square) in the 1820s

• 1822/30 - Silvio Pellico, an Italian writer, confined in Špilberk Castle.[1]
• 1838 - Brno main railway station opened.
• 1839 - Emperor Ferdinand Northern Railway operates to Břeclav.
• 1843 - Labor unrest.[9]
• 1848 - October: Labor demonstration.[9]
• 1849
  • German Technical University in Brno founded.[10]
  • Population: 45,189.[11]
• 1855 - Synagogue consecrated.[12]
• 1861 - Natural History Society established.[13]
• 1864 - Vankovka engineering works built near Brno.[14]
• 1866 - 13 July: Prussians in power.[15]
• 1867
  • Czech-language secondary school founded.[16]
  • Red Church construction completed.
• 1869 - Population: 73,771.[11]
• 1870s - Brno Philharmonic begins its existence at the Besední dům.
• 1872 - Starobrno Brewery built.

• 1880 - Gustav Winterholler [cs] becomes mayor.
• 1881 - Organ School founded.[17]
• 1882 - Deutsches Stadttheater (Mahen Theatre) built.[18]

  

  Mahen Theatre, Brno

• 1891 - Deutsches Haus (Brno) [de] opens.
• 1894 - August Wieser [cs] becomes mayor.
• 1899 - Imperial Czech Technical University of Franz Joseph founded.[2]
• 1900 - Population: 108,944.[1]

20th century

Dominikánské náměstí (Dominican Square) with the Royal Chapel in 1904

• 1910 - Population: 125,737.
• 1913 - SK Židenice football club formed.
• 1918
  • Československá zbrojovka manufactory in business.
  • Moravia becomes part of Czechoslovakia.
  • Brno City Archive Library established.[19]
• 1919
  • Bohunice and Slatina become part of Brno.^[citation needed]
  • Masaryk University[2] and Brno Conservatory founded.
• 1926 - 18 December: Premiere of Janáček's opera Makropulos Affair.
• 1928
  • Brno Exhibition Centre opens.
  • Exhibition of Contemporary Culture held.[6]
  • Centrum department store built.[6]
• 1930
  • Modernist Villa Tugendhat built.
  • Population: 264,925.
• 1935 - New City Hall (Brno) [cs] in use.
• 1939
  • Brno (and whole country) occupied by German Nazis.
  • The Germans established an internment camp for Romani people in the city.[20]
• 1941 - First Martial Law, 239 people executed in Brno by the Germans, another 1,000 in concentration camps.
• 1943 - October: The Germans established a subcamp of the Auschwitz concentration camp in the city, and brought the first transport of 251 prisoners, mostly Poles, to the subcamp.[21]
• 1944 - Internment camp for Romani people dissolved.[20]
• 1945
  • German Technical University in Brno closed.
  • Subcamp of the Auschwitz concentration camp dissolved and remaining prisoners evacuated to Austria.[21]
  • Many Germans fled Brno, the rest were later expelled.[2]
  • Liberation of Brno
  • Brno City Theatre established.
• 1946 - Brno–Tuřany Airport opens.
• 1947
  • Janáček Academy of Music and Performing Arts established.[22]
  • Královo Pole indoor arena opens.
  • Population: 133,637 city; 934,437 province.[2]

Náměstí Svobody in 1958

• 1953 - Brno Zoo and Stadion Za Lužánkami open.
• 1955 - Julius Fucik Theatre active.[18]
• 1956 - Moravian Karst nature reserve established near city.
• 1961
  • Moravian Gallery in Brno established.
  • Population: 314,235.
• 1963
  • Biennial of Graphic Design, Brno [cs] begins.
  • Oldřich Vaverka [cs] becomes mayor.
• 1965 - Janáček Theatre opens.
• 1974 - Population: 343,860.[23]
• 1976 - Marie Bartošová [cs] falls into a sinkhole created by a tram station collapse. Her remains were not found until 1990s, and the sudden accident accelerated the systematic exploration of the Brno underground.[24][25][26]
• 1980 - HaDivadlo [cs] theatre troupe active.[18]
• 1982 - Starobrno Rondo Aréna opens.
• 1985 - Dukovany Nuclear Power Station commissioned near city.[10]
• 1987 - Motorsport Masaryk Circuit opens.
• 1990
  • Brno becomes a statutory city.
  • City divided into 29 districts.^[citation needed]
  • International Institute for Political Science of Masaryk University [cs] founded.[27]
  • Vojtěch Cikrle [cs] becomes Catholic bishop.
• 1991 - Kabinet múz [cs] cultural space founded.
• 1994 - Dagmar Lastovecká [cs] becomes mayor.
• 1997 - M-Palace hi-rise built.
• 1998 - Petr Duchoň becomes mayor.

21st century

• 2001 - Cinema City Velky Spalicek opens.[28]
• 2004
  • University of Defence (Czech Republic) established.[27]
  • ProtestFest begins.[29][1]
  • Richard Svoboda [cs] becomes mayor.
• 2006 - Roman Onderka becomes mayor.
• 2009 - September: Catholic pope visits Brno.
• 2010 - Cinema Mundi International Film Festival begins.
• 2011
  • Labyrinth under Vegetable Market, Brno (historic site) opens.
  • Population: 385,913.
• 2012
  • Spielberk Towers built.
  • Brno Ossuary (historic site) opens.
• 2013 - AZ Tower built.
• 2014 - Petr Vokřál [cs] becomes mayor.
• 2015 - June: Anti-immigration demonstration.[30]
• 2018 - 21 March: Brno Open Data Platform [cz] launched.[31]

See also

• History of Brno
• Other names of Brno
• List of mayors of Brno
• List of bishops of Brno [de]
• List of churches of Brno
• History of Moravia
• Timelines of other cities in the Czech Republic: Prague

References

1. Britannica 1910.
2. Leon E. Seltzer, ed. (1952), "Brno", Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World, New York: Columbia University Press, p. 273, OL 6112221M
3. Lins 1908.
4. Frankl-Grün 1907.
5. Robert Proctor (1898). "Books Printed From Types: Austria-Hungary: Brunn". Index to the Early Printed Books in the British Museum. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Company. hdl:2027/uc1.c3450632 – via HathiTrust.
6. Humphreys, Rob; Lunt, Susie (2002). Czech & Slovak Republics. Rough Guides. ISBN 978-1-85828-904-5.
7. "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Czech Republic". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
8. David Murray (1904). Museums, Their History and Their Use. Glasgow: James MacLehose and Sons.
9. Stanley Z. Pech (1967). "Czech Working Class in 1848". Canadian Slavonic Papers. 9 (1): 60–73. doi:10.1080/00085006.1967.11091077. JSTOR 40867492.
10. David Turnock (2006). Eastern European Economy, 1800-2000: Stages of Transformation in a Peripheral Region. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-67876-1.
11. Kay 1880.
12. "Brno". Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe. New York: Yivo Institute for Jewish Research. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
13. Brünn, Naturforschender Verein in (1887), "Jahresversammlung am 21. December 1886", Verhandlungen des Naturforschenden Vereines in Brünn (in German)
14. Worldwatch Institute (2007). State of the World 2007: Our Urban Future. W.W. Norton. p. 170. ISBN 978-0-393-32923-0.
15. Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Moravia", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co., hdl:2027/loc.ark:/13960/t89g6g776 – via Hathi Trust
16. Stanley B. Kimball (1973). "Austro-Slav Revival: A Study of Nineteenth-Century Literary Foundations". Transactions of the American Philosophical Society. 63 (4): 1–83. doi:10.2307/1006167. JSTOR 1006167.
17. Jiří Hochman (1998). Historical Dictionary of the Czech State. USA: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-3338-8.
18. Don Rubin; et al., eds. (1994). "Czech Republic". World Encyclopedia of Contemporary Theatre: Europe. Routledge. pp. 196–210. ISBN 9780415251570.
19. "About the Archive". Brno City Archive. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
20. "Internierungslager für Roma Brünn". Bundesarchiv.de (in German). Retrieved 4 December 2021.
21. "Brünn". Memorial and Museum Auschwitz-Birkenau. Retrieved 4 December 2021.
22. Walter Rüegg [in German], ed. (2011). "Universities founded in Europe between 1945 and 1995". Universities Since 1945. History of the University in Europe. Vol. 4. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-139-49425-0.
23. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279.
24. "Encyklopedie dějin města Brna". encyklopedie.brna.cz. 2004. Retrieved 14 January 2025.
25. "Osud Marie Bartošové je dodnes záhadou: Skryté tunely pod Brnem odvážnou ženu doslova pohltily - Médium.cz". medium.seznam.cz (in Czech). 19 May 2023. Retrieved 14 January 2025.
26. "WHAT IS BRNO? Statues in the City" (PDF).
27. "Organizations". International Relations and Security Network. Switzerland: Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
28. "Movie Theaters in Brno, Czech Republic". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
29. Jiří Navrátil (2010). "Between the Spillover and the Spillout: Tracing the Evolution of the Czech Global Justice Movement". Czech Sociological Review. 46 (6): 913–944. doi:10.13060/00380288.2010.46.6.03. JSTOR 41132925.
30. "Hundreds Rally Against Refugees in 2nd Largest Czech City", New York Times, Associated Press, 26 June 2015
31. "About Data.Brno", Datahub.brno.cz, retrieved 4 January 2021

This article incorporates information from the Czech Wikipedia and German Wikipedia.

Bibliography

in English

• Abraham Rees (1819), "Brunn", The Cyclopaedia, London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown
• Charles Knight, ed. (1867). "Brunn". The English cyclopaedia / Conducted by Charles Knight v. 2 geography. English Cyclopaedia. Vol. 2. London: Bradbury, Evans, & Co. pp. 166–167. hdl:2027/nyp.33433000064794.
• David Kay (1880), "Principal Towns: Brünn", Austria-Hungary, Foreign Countries and British Colonies, London: Sampson Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington, hdl:2027/mdp.39015030647005
• "Brunn", Bradshaw's Illustrated Hand-book to Germany and Austria, London: W.J. Adams & Sons, 1896
• Norddeutscher Lloyd (1896), "Brunn", Guide through Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, Switzerland, France, Belgium, Holland and England, Berlin: J. Reichmann & Cantor, OCLC 8395555
• Adolf Frankl-Grün (1907). "Brünn". The Jewish encyclopedia ; a descriptive record of the history, religion, literature, and customs of the Jewish people from the earliest times to the present ... V.3. Jewish Encyclopedia. Vol. 3. New York: Funk & Wagnalls. hdl:2027/osu.32435029752920.
• Joseph Lins (1908). "Brünn". The Catholic encyclopedia; an international work of reference on the constitution, doctrine, discipline, and history of the Catholic Church. Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: The Encyclopedia Press, inc.
• "Brünn" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). 1910. pp. 684–685.

in German

• C.J. Schmidt (1835). Brünn und seine Umgebungen (in German). Brünn: Seidel.
• Gustav Trautenberger. Chronik der Landeshauptstadt Brünn (in German). Brünn: Deutsches Haus (Brno) [de]. 1891-1897
• B. Bretholz (1911). Geschichte der Stadt Brünn (in German). Brünn: Verlag des Vereines. (includes timeline 1091-1411)

External links