Simpson Street station

Simpson Street
Simpson Street
New York City Subway station (rapid transit)
	Station house as viewed from the street
Station statistics
Address	Simpson Street & Westchester Avenue; Bronx, New York
Borough	The Bronx
Locale	Longwood
Coordinates	40°49′26″N 73°53′35″W / 40.824°N 73.893°W
Division	A (IRT)
Line	IRT White Plains Road Line
Services	2 (all times); 5 (all times except rush hours in the peak direction and late nights)
Transit	NYCT Bus: Bx4, Bx4A, Bx5, Bx19, Bx27
Structure	Elevated
Platforms	2 side platforms
Tracks	3
Other information
Opened	November 26, 1904; 119 years ago (3rd Ave. Line; Bergen Avenue By-pass); July 10, 1905; 119 years ago (White Plains Rd. Line)
Accessible	ADA-accessible
Opposite-; direction; transfer	No
Traffic
2023	1,336,897 6.3%
Rank	232 out of 423
Services
Services
Location
Track layout
	Legend
Street map
Station service legend
Symbol	Description
	Stops all times
	Stops all times except rush hours in the peak direction
	Simpson Street Subway Station and Substation #18 (IRT)
	U.S. National Register of Historic Places
	The accompanying IRT Substation #18 at 1043 Simpson Street less than one block north of the subway station.
MPS	New York City Subway System MPS
NRHP reference No.	04001027
Added to NRHP	September 17, 2004

The Simpson Street station is a local station on the IRT White Plains Road Line of the New York City Subway. Located at the intersection of Simpson Street and Westchester Avenue in the Longwood neighborhood of the Bronx, it is served by the 2 train at all times, and the 5 train at all times except late nights and rush hours in the peak direction.

History

Early history

The initial segment of the IRT White Plains Road Line opened on November 26, 1904, between 180th Street–Bronx Park and Jackson Avenue. Initially, trains on the line were served by elevated trains from the IRT Second Avenue Line and the IRT Third Avenue Line. Once the connection to the IRT Lenox Avenue Line opened on July 10, 1905, trains from the newly opened IRT subway ran via the line.^[4]^[5]^[6]

To address overcrowding, in 1909, the New York Public Service Commission proposed lengthening the platforms at stations along the original IRT subway.^[7]^: 168 As part of a modification to the IRT's construction contracts made on January 18, 1910, the company was to lengthen station platforms to accommodate ten-car express and six-car local trains. In addition to $1.5 million (equivalent to $49.1 million in 2023) spent on platform lengthening, $500,000 (equivalent to $16.4 million in 2023) was spent on building additional entrances and exits. It was anticipated that these improvements would increase capacity by 25 percent.^[8]^: 15 The northbound platform at the Simpson Street station was extended 50 feet (15 m) to the front and 55 feet (17 m) to the rear,^[8]^: 114 while the southbound platform was not lengthened.^[8]^: 106 On January 23, 1911, ten-car express trains began running on the White Plains Road Line.^[7]^: 168^[9]

Later years

The New York State Transit Commission announced plans to extend the southbound platforms at seven stations on the line from Jackson Avenue to 177th Street, including Simpson Street to accommodate ten-car trains for $81,900 on August 8, 1934.^[10]

The city government took over the IRT's operations on June 12, 1940.^[11]^[12] The Bergen Avenue cutoff, which allowed Third Avenue trains to access the White Plains Road Line, was abandoned on November 5, 1946, as part of the gradual curtailment of elevated service on the IRT Third Avenue Line.^[5] On June 13, 1949, the platform extensions at this station, as well as those on White Plains Road Line stations between Jackson Avenue and 177th Street, opened. The platforms were lengthened to 514 feet (157 m) to allow full ten-car express trains to open their doors. Previously the stations could only accommodate six-car local trains.^[13]

The station was renovated in the early 2000s. This station was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on September 17, 2004, along with the Westchester-Simpson Street Substation, also known as IRT Substation #18.^[3]

Station layout

Platform level	Side platform
	Northbound local	← toward Wakefield–241st Street (Freeman Street) ← toward Eastchester–Dyre Avenue (Freeman Street)
	Peak-direction express	← PM rush does not stop here ← AM rush does not stop here →
	Southbound local	← toward Flatbush Avenue–Brooklyn College via Seventh (Intervale Avenue) → ← toward Flatbush Avenue–Brooklyn College via Lexington weekdays, Bowling Green evenings/weekends (Intervale Avenue) →
	Side platform
Ground	Street level	Exit/entrance Uptown elevator at southwest corner of Simpson Street and Westchester Avenue; downtown elevator at northwest corner

This station has two side platforms and three tracks. The center express track is used by the 5 train during rush hours in the peak direction. To the north, the line curves from Westchester Avenue to Southern Boulevard. The IRT Pelham Line (6 and <6> trains), which curves above Westchester Avenue five blocks northeast of this station, is visible from the east end of the platforms.

As with other original IRT elevated viaducts, the elevated structure at Simpson Street is carried on two column bents, one on each side of the road, at places where the tracks are no more than 29 feet (8.8 m) above the ground level. There is zigzag lateral bracing at intervals of every four panels.^[14]

Both platforms have cream-colored windscreens and red canopies. Both platforms also have green outlines, frames, and support columns in their center and green waist-high, ornament-style steel fences at either ends with several lampposts. The station's signs are in the standard black name plates with white Helvetica lettering.

Exits

Due to the tracks' low height above ground, both station houses are at platform level and there are no crossovers or crossunders. Elevators from the street to each platform make this station ADA-accessible. The station's elevators were installed in August 1989, making the station one of the earliest to comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990.

The southbound platform (for trains headed to Manhattan) has a station house that is staffed full-time and contains several sets of doors leading to the small waiting area from the platform, a turnstile bank, token booth, two staircases going down to either northern corners of Simpson Street and Westchester Avenue, and one elevator going down to the northeast corner. A high exit-only turnstile on either side of the station house leads directly to one of the street stairs from the platform.^[15]

The northbound platform's station house is unstaffed, containing several sets of doors leading to the small waiting area from the platform, a bank of three turnstiles, two staircases going down to either southern corners of Simpson Street and Westchester Avenue, and one elevator going down to the southwest corner. It had a customer assistance booth until April 2010. A high exit-only turnstile on either side of the station house leads directly to one of the street stairs from the platform.^[15]

Artwork

The 2006 artwork here is called What We Build is Not Permanent, We Are Not What We Build by Lisa Amowitz. It consists of stained glass panels on the platform windscreens and station houses with the theme with renewing or rebuilding what has died or fallen.^[16]

References

^ "Glossary". Second Avenue Subway Supplemental Draft Environmental Impact Statement (SDEIS) (PDF). Vol. 1. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. March 4, 2003. pp. 1–2. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 26, 2021. Retrieved January 1, 2021.
^ ^a ^b "Annual Subway Ridership (2018–2023)". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. 2023. Retrieved April 20, 2024.
^ ^a ^b "New York MPS Simpson Street Subway Station and Substation #18 (IRT)". Records of the National Park Service, 1785 - 2006, Series: National Register of Historic Places and National Historic Landmarks Program Records, 2013 - 2017, Box: National Register of Historic Places and National Historic Landmarks Program Records: New York, ID: 75312116. National Archives.
^ "Discuss Subway Signs in 18th St. Station" (PDF). The New York Times. November 27, 1904. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 24, 2020.
^ ^a ^b Kahn, Alan Paul (January 1, 1973). Tracks of New York /. New York : Electric Railroaders' Association.
^ "Subway Trains Running From Bronx to Battery" (PDF). The New York Times. July 10, 1905. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 24, 2020. Retrieved September 4, 2016.
^ ^a ^b Hood, Clifton (1978). "The Impact of the IRT in New York City" (PDF). Historic American Engineering Record. pp. 146–207 (PDF pp. 147–208). Archived (PDF) from the original on January 17, 2021. Retrieved December 20, 2020. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
^ ^a ^b ^c Report of the Public Service Commission for the First District of the State of New York For The Year Ending December 31, 1910. Public Service Commission. 1911. Archived from the original on January 20, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
^ "Ten-car Trains in Subway to-day; New Service Begins on Lenox Av. Line and Will Be Extended to Broadway To-morrow". The New York Times. January 23, 1911. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 5, 2018. Retrieved April 5, 2018.
^ "I.R.T. To Extend Stations. Platform Changes to Be Made on White Plains Line". The New York Times. August 9, 1934. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 4, 2020.
^ "City Transit Unity Is Now a Reality; Title to I.R.T. Lines Passes to Municipality, Ending 19-Year Campaign". The New York Times. June 13, 1940. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 7, 2022. Retrieved May 14, 2022.
^ "Transit Unification Completed As City Takes Over I. R. T. Lines: Systems Come Under Single Control After Efforts Begun in 1921; Mayor Is Jubilant at City Hall Ceremony Recalling 1904 Celebration". New York Herald Tribune. June 13, 1940. p. 25. ProQuest 1248134780.
^ Report for the three and one-half years ending June 30, 1949. New York City Board of Transportation. 1949. hdl:2027/mdp.39015023094926.
^ Transit Journal. 1904. p. 470. Archived from the original on May 24, 2022. Retrieved April 16, 2020. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain..{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
^ ^a ^b
* "MTA Neighborhood Maps: Bronx Zoo" (PDF). mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. 2015. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 11, 2020. Retrieved July 20, 2016.
- "MTA Neighborhood Maps: Pelham Bay" (PDF). mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. 2015. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 5, 2020. Retrieved July 20, 2016.
^ "Artwork: What We Build is Not Permanent, We Are Not What We Build (Lisa Amowitz)". www.nycsubway.org. Archived from the original on March 24, 2020. Retrieved March 24, 2020.