Politarch

On-site photograph of the 2nd century AD Politarch inscription in Thessaloniki.

The Politarch (Greek: πολιτάρχης, politarches; plural πολιτάρχαι, politarchai) was a government official of Hellenistic and Roman Greece, with police powers. The institution over which they presided was called Politarchy. In modern Greece, the title was used by Ioannis Kapodistrias for the first Greek law enforcemet and security force.

Ancient Greece

The first evidence of the politarchs is dated to the reign of King Perseus of Macedon[1][2][3] in Amphipolis, where the king with two politarchs honoured Artemis Tauropolos after a Thracian campaign. One of the earliest extant inscriptions to use the term "Politarch" was located on the Vardar Gate in Thessaloniki. The Gate was unfortunately destroyed in 1876 but the inscription, which dates to the 2nd Century AD, can now been seen in the British Museum in London.[4]

The politarchs are attested in the Acts of the Apostles (17:6,8) concerning the city of Thessalonike; The Apostle Paul, visiting Thessalonike, taught three Sabbaths in the synagogue, the Jews wanted to arrest him, but, failing to find him "they drew Jason and certain brethren unto the politarchs" (17:6).

Ιt is not known how many politarchs each city of Macedon had. As for Thessalonike itself, according to the inscriptions, in the years of Augustus there were five, while in the years of Antoninus and Marcus Aurelius there were six.

Modern Greece

After the Greek War of Independence, Ioannis Kapodistrias created the Politarchy (Πολιταρχία) as the first police and security force of Greece.[5]

See also

• Macedoniarch

References

1. Amphipolis — 179 BC? — SEG 31.614
2. Archaeology and the New Testament By John McRay Page 295 ISBN 0-8010-6267-5
3. Macedonian Institutions Under the Kings: Page 135 By Miltiadēs V. Chatzopoulos ISBN 960-7094-89-1
4. British Museum Collection
5. George Aspreas, Evolution of the police institution from the liberation of Greece until today, Police Chronicles, issue 1, June 1954

• The Book of Acts in Its Graeco-Roman Setting Pages 420-430 By David W. J. Gill, Conrad Gempf ISBN 0-8028-4847-8
• The Macedonian Politarchs in jstor.org