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Pierre René Marie de Vaugiraud de Rosnay
Pierre René Marie de Vaugiraud de Rosnay[Note 1] (27 December 1741 — 13 March 1819)[2][3] was a French Navy officer and colonial administrator. He served in the American Revolutionary War, becoming a member of the Society of the Cincinnati.[4] He was later a virulent French royalist and counter-revolutionary. BiographyVaugiraud was born to an aristocratic family. His brother, Marie Joseph Pierre de Vaugiraud, was bishop of Angers.[1] Vaugiraud joined the Navy as a Garde-Marine on 12 December 1755.[1] In 1756, in the midst of the Seven Years' War, he served on the 64-gun Éveillé in the Caribbean, taking part in the capture of HMS Greenwich.[2] He then transferred to the 74-gun Orient, on which he took part in the Battle of Quiberon Bay on 20 November 1759.[2] He was promoted to Lieutenant on 1 October 1773. [1][5] Vaugiraud served on Couronne during the Battle of Ushant on 27 July 1778.[2] He briefly commanded the frigate Fox[6] before transferring on Bretagne to serve as second major of Orvilliers' squadron. After his promotion to Captain on 4 April 1780, effective on 9 May 1781,[5] he became Major-général[Note 2] of De Grasse's squadron, on the flagship Ville de Paris.[7][8] As such, he took part in the Battle of Fort Royal on 30 April 1781 and in the Invasion of Tobago on 30 May.[8] On 22 July 1781, while the French fleet was anchored at Cap-Haïtien, Intrépide caught fire, and Vaugiraud managed to have the ship sailed away, ran aground and evacuated before she exploded.[9] Vaugiraud later took part in the Battle of the Chesapeake on 5 September, the subsequent Siege of Yorktown, the Battle of Saint Kitts on 25 January 1782,[2] and was wounded at the Battle of the Saintes on 12 April 1782.[8] In 1785, he served on the frigate Railleuse, and was given command of Gracieuse in 1788.[2] In 1791, in the midst of the French Revolution, Vaugiraud fled France to become an émigré and join the reactionary Army of Condé.[8] He took part in the Battle of Quibéron in 1795, and retired to England.[2] After the Bourbon Restoration, Vaugiraud was promoted to Vice-Admiral on 13 June 1814, and appointed Governor of the Windward Islands.[8] He suppressed the Bonapartists during the Hundred Days, but was later recalled to Paris due to his authoritarian administration.[10] Sources and referencesNotes Citations
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