Mulabbis

Tell Mulabbis

ملبس, אומלבס, מולבס
Alternative name	Khirbat Mulabbes, Bulbus
Location	Petah Tikva, Israel
Region	Yarkon River basin
Type	Archaeological mound
History
Periods	Roman, Byzantine, Early Islamic, Crusader, Mamluk, Late Ottoman

Tell Mulabbis (Arabic: ملبس, Hebrew: אומלבס, מולבס) is an archaeological mound in modern Petah Tikva, Israel.

Mulabbis is a key site in the Yarkon River basin, with habitation remains from the Roman, Byzantine, Early Islamic, Crusader, Mamluk and Late Ottoman periods.[1]

Crusader and Mamluk periods

Khirbat Mulabbes was home to the Crusader village of Bulbus, an identification proposed in the nineteenth century by French scholar fr. A Crusader source from 1133 CE states that the Count of Jaffa granted the land to the Hospitaller order, including “the mills of the three bridges” (“des moulins des trios ponts”).[2][3][4][5]

In 1478 CE (AH 883), the Mamluk Sultan of Egypt, Qaitbay, endowed a quarter of the revenues of Mulabbes to two newly established institutions: Madrasa Al-Ashrafiyya in Jerusalem, and a mosque in Gaza.[1][6]

Ottoman period

David Grossman suggests that Mulabbes was "Milus", a village with 42 Muslim households, mentioned in the Ottoman tax records in 1596.[7]

"Melebbes" appears on Jacotin's map drawn up during Napoleon's invasion in 1799,[8] and shows up as "el Mulebbis" on Kiepert's map of Palestine, published in 1856.[9]

Following the invasion of the Levant by Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt (1831-1841), the village was repopulated by Egyptian emigrants belonging to the Abu Hamed al-Masri clan as part of a wider wave of migration that settled in Palestine's coastal lowlands.[10]

In 1870, Victor Guérin noted that "Melebbes" was a small village with 140 inhabitants, surrounded by fields of watermelon and tobacco.[11] An Ottoman village list from about the same year showed that "Mulebbes" had 43 houses and a population of 125, though the population count included men only. It was also noted that the village was located on a hill, "Auf einer Anhöhe", 2.75 hours northeast of Jaffa.[12][13]

The Palestine Exploration Fund's Survey of Western Palestine visited "Mulebbis" in 1874 and described it as "a similar mud village [as Al-Mirr], with a well."[14] Following the sale of Mulabbes' lands to Jewish entrepreneurs, its residents dispersed in neighboring villages like Jaljulia and Fajja.[10]

In 1878, Jewish colonists purchased the land of Mulabbes, establishing the first Jewish moshava, Petah Tikvah.^[citation needed]

References

1. Marom, Roy (April 3, 2019). "A short history of Mulabbis (Petah Tikva, Israel)". Palestine Exploration Quarterly. 151 (2): 134–145. doi:10.1080/00310328.2019.1621734. S2CID 197799335. Archived from the original on May 29, 2021. Retrieved November 30, 2020 – via Taylor and Francis+NEJM.
2. Röhricht, 1893, RRH, p. 37, No. 147
3. Delaville Le Roulx, 1894, pp. 86−87, No. 97
4. Clermont-Ganneau, 1895, pp. 192−196: "Les Trois−Ponts, Jorgilia"
5. Haddad, 2013, Petah Tikva, Kh. Mulabbis Archived 2020-07-17 at the Wayback Machine
6. Marom, Roy (2021-06-09). "The Abu Hameds of Mulabbis: an oral history of a Palestinian village depopulated in the Late Ottoman period". British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies. 50: 87–106. doi:10.1080/13530194.2021.1934817. ISSN 1353-0194. S2CID 236222143.
7. Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 154. Suggested by David Grossman, 1986, p. 372, cited in Marom, 2019 Archived 2020-01-22 at the Wayback Machine
8. Karmon, 1960, p. 170 Archived 2019-12-22 at the Wayback Machine
9. Kiepert, 1856, Map of Southern Palestine Archived 2021-03-08 at the Wayback Machine
10. Marom, The village of Mulabbis Archived 2021-05-29 at the Wayback Machine, Cathedra 176, 2020, pp. 48-64.
11. Guérin, 1875, p. 372
12. Socin, 1879, p. 158
13. Hartmann, 1883, p. 136, also noted 43 houses at "Mulebbes".
14. Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. 252

Bibliography

• ‘Azab, Anan (2008-10-05). "Petah Tiqwa". Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel (120). Archived from the original on 2020-07-15. Retrieved 2019-08-31.

• Palmer, E.H. (1881). The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer. Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund. (p. 216)
• Clermont-Ganneau, C.S. (1895). Études d'archéologie orientale (in French). Paris: E. Bouillon.
• Conder, C.R.; Kitchener, H.H. (1882). The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology. Vol. 2. London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
• Dagan, Yehuda; Golan, Dor (2009-08-23). "Petah Tiqwa–Rishon Le-Ziyyon, Survey". Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel (121). Archived from the original on 2020-07-15. Retrieved 2019-08-31.
• Dayan, Ayelet (2011-08-03). "Petah Tiqwa, Mahane Yehuda". Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel (123). Archived from the original on 2020-07-17. Retrieved 2019-08-31.
• Delaville Le Roulx, J. (1894). Cartulaire général de l'Ordre des Hospitaliers (in Latin). Vol. 1. Paris.
• Gorzalczany, Amir (2005-11-28). "Petah Tiqwa, Mahane Yehuda". Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel (117). Archived from the original on 2020-07-15. Retrieved 2019-08-31.
• Guérin, V. (1875). Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine (in French). Vol. 2: Samarie, pt. 2. Paris: L'Imprimerie Nationale.
• Haddad, Elie (2013-08-20). "Petah Tiqwa, Kh. Mulabbis". Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel (125). Archived from the original on 2017-12-01. Retrieved 2017-06-27.
• Hartmann, M. (1883). "Die Ortschaftenliste des Liwa Jerusalem in dem türkischen Staatskalender für Syrien auf das Jahr 1288 der Flucht (1871)". Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins. 6: 102–149.
• Hütteroth, Wolf-Dieter; Abdulfattah, Kamal (1977). Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century. Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft. ISBN 978-3-920405-41-4. Archived from the original on 2019-10-14. Retrieved 2018-12-10.
• Karmon, Y. (1960). "An Analysis of Jacotin's Map of Palestine" (PDF). Israel Exploration Journal. 10 (3, 4): 155–173, 244–253. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-12-22. Retrieved 2019-08-25.
• Masarwa, Durar (2012-08-26). "Petah Tiqwa (Mulabbis)". Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel (124). Archived from the original on 2020-07-17. Retrieved 2019-08-25.
• Masarwa, Durar (2011-12-15). "Petah Tiqwa (Mulabbis)". Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel (123). Archived from the original on 2020-07-17. Retrieved 2019-08-25.
• Röhricht, R. (1893). (RRH) Regesta regni Hierosolymitani (MXCVII-MCCXCI) (in Latin). Berlin: Libraria Academica Wageriana.
• Socin, A. (1879). "Alphabetisches Verzeichniss von Ortschaften des Paschalik Jerusalem". Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins. 2: 135–163.
• Toueg, Ron (2013-08-08). "Petah Tiqwa, Mahane Yehuda". Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel (125). Archived from the original on 2020-07-17. Retrieved 2019-08-31.

External links

• Survey of Western Palestine, Map 13: IAA, Wikimedia commons