Claude Reignier Conder

Claude Reignier Conder
Claude Reignier Conder
	Conder in 1886
Born	29 December 1848; Cheltenham, England, British Empire
Died	16 February 1910 (aged 61); Cheltenham, England, British Empire
Allegiance	British Empire
Years of service	1870-1904
Battles/wars	Urabi Revolt Battle of Tell El Kebir

Claude Reignier Conder (29 December 1848 – 16 February 1910) was an English soldier, explorer and antiquarian. He was a great-great-grandson of Louis-François Roubiliac^[1]^[2] and grandson of editor and author Josiah Conder.^[3]

Conder was educated at University College London and the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich. He became a lieutenant in the Corps of Royal Engineers in 1870. He carried out survey work in Palestine in 1872–1874, latterly in conjunction with Lt Kitchener, later Lord Kitchener,^[4] whom he had met at school,^[2]^[5] and was seconded to the Palestine Exploration Fund from 1875 to 1878 and again in 1881 and 1882, when he was promoted to captain. He retired with the rank of colonel in 1904.^[6]

While surveying the area of Safed in July 1875, Conder and his party were attacked by local residents and Conder sustained a serious head injury which left him bedridden for a while and unable to return to Palestine.^[7] The work of surveying the country of Palestine commenced again only in late February 1877, without Conder.^[8]

Conder joined the expedition to Egypt in 1882 under Sir Garnet Wolseley to suppress the rebellion of Urabi Pasha. He was appointed a deputy assistant adjutant and quartermaster-general on the staff of the intelligence department. In Egypt his perfect knowledge of Arabic and of Eastern people proved most useful. He was present at the action of Kassassin, the Battle of Tell El Kebir, and the advance to Cairo, but then, seized with typhoid fever, he was sent home. For his services he received the war medal with clasp for Tel el-Kebir, the Khedive's bronze star and the fourth class of the Order of the Medjidie.^{[citation needed]}

Publications

1878: Tent Work in Palestine ISBN 1-4179-2238-9
1879: Judas Maccabæus, and the Jewish War of Independence
1880: Memoires: The Survey of Western and Eastern Palestine ISBN 1-85207-835-9
1883: Heth and Moab, Explorations in Syria in 1881 and 1882
1886: Syrian Stone-lore, Or, The Monumental History of Palestine
1887: Altaic Hieroglyphs and Hittite Inscriptions ISBN 1-4326-0939-4
1889: Palestine
1889: The Survey of Eastern Palestine, Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, Archaeology, Etc.
1893: The Tell Amarna Tablets
1896: The Bible and the East
1897: The Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem
1898: The Hittites and their Language
1900: The Hebrew Tragedy
1902: The First Bible
1909: The City of Jerusalem

Books (with online access)

Conder, Claude Reignier (1879) Tent Work in Palestine, vol 1
Conder, Claude Reignier (1879) Tent Work in Palestine, vol 2
Conder, C.R.; Kitchener, H.H. (1881). The Survey of Western Palestine: memoirs of the topography, orography, hydrography, and archaeology. Vol. 1. London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund. OCLC 5785377. (The full text, archive.org, Can download PDF)
Conder, C.R.; Kitchener, H.H. (1881). The Survey of Western Palestine: memoirs of the topography, orography, hydrography, and archaeology. Vol. 2. London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund. OCLC 5785377. (The full text, archive.org, Can download PDF)
Conder, Claude Reignier and H.H. Kitchener (1881): The Survey of Western Palestine: memoirs of the topography, orography, hydrography, and archaeology. London:Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund. vol 3 The full text, archive.org, Can download PDF.
Conder, C.R.; Warren, C. (1884). Jerusalem. London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund. OCLC 5785377.
Conder, Claude Reignier (1885), Heth and Moab : explorations in Syria in 1882
Conder, Claude Reignier (1887), Altaic Hieroglyphs and Hittite Inscriptions
Conder, C.R. (1889). Syrian Stone-lore; or, The Monumental History of Palestine. London: Alexander P. Watt. OCLC 751757461.
Conder, Claude Reignier (1889), Altaic Hieroglyphs and Hittite Inscriptions

Articles (with online access)

Conder, C.R. (1909). "Notes on New Discoveries" (PDF). Palestine Exploration Fund Quarterly Statement. 41 (4). Palestine Exploration Fund: 266–275. doi:10.1179/peq.1909.41.4.266.
Conder, C.R. (1910). "Recent Hittite Discoveries" (PDF). Palestine Exploration Fund Quarterly Statement. 42 (1). Palestine Exploration Fund: 42–53. doi:10.1179/peq.1910.42.1.42.
Conder, C.R. (1910). "Notes and Queries" (PDF). Palestine Exploration Fund Quarterly Statement. 42 (1). Palestine Exploration Fund: 78–80. doi:10.1179/peq.1910.42.1.78.

References

^ William Thomas Whitley (1928). Artists and their friends in England, 1700–1799, Volume 1. The Medici society. p. 93.
^ ^a ^b John Charles Pollock (1998). Kitchener: the road to Omdurman. Constable. p. 23. ISBN 0-09-479140-6.
^ Claude Reignier Conder at Mitchell Families Online, access date 15 December 2019
^ Stewart Howe, Kathleen (1997). Revealing the Holy Land: the photographic exploration of Palestine. University of California Press. pp. 37–38. ISBN 0-89951-095-7.
^ British Empire. Kitchener
^ "CONDER, Claude Reignier". Who's Who. Vol. 59. 1907. p. 371.
^ H.H. Kitchener, An Account of the Safed Attack, Palestine Exploration Quarterly Statement 7.4 (Oct. 1875), pp. 195–199
^ H.H. Kitchener, Survey of Galilee,Palestine Exploration Quarterly Statement (1878), pp. 159–174.

Moscrop, John James (2000). Measuring Jerusalem: the Palestine Exploration Fund and British interests in the Holy Land. Continuum International Publishing Group. pp. 98–99. ISBN 0-7185-0220-5.
Yadin, Yigael (1977). Masada. La fortaleza de Herodes y el último bastión de los Zelotes. Barcelona: Ediciones Destino. ISBN 84-233-0537-6.