List of the Cenozoic life of Montana

This list of the Cenozoic life of Montana contains the various prehistoric life-forms whose fossilized remains have been reported from within the US state of Montana and are between 66 million and 10,000 years of age.

A

• 

  Living Abies, or fir trees

  Abies
  • †Abies alvordensis
  • †Abies concoloroides
  • †Abies laticarpa
• Acer
  • †Acer bendirei
  • †Acer bolanderi
  • †Acer glabroides
  • †Acer minor
  • †Acer newberryi
  • †Acer oregonianum
  • †Acer scottiae
  • †Acer silberlingi
• †Acheronodon
  • †Acheronodon garbani – type locality for species
• Acipenser
• †Acmeodon

• 

  Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene horse Acritohippus

  †Acritohippus
  • †Acritohippus isonesus
• †Acritoparamys
  • †Acritoparamys atavus – type locality for species
• †Actinodonta
• †Adjidaumo
  • †Adjidaumo intermedius – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Adjidaumo minimus – type locality for species
• †Adunator
  • †Adunator ladae
• †Aelurodon
  • †Aelurodon ferox – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Aelurodon montanensis – type locality for species

• 

  Life restoration of the Miocene camel Aepycamelus, or the long-necked camel. Heinrich Harder (1920).

  †Aepycamelus
  • †Aepycamelus stocki
• †Agnotocastor
  • †Agnotocastor montanus
• †Agriochoerus
  • †Agriochoerus maximus – type locality for species
  • †Agriochoerus minimus
• †Agrostis
  • †Agrostis primaeva
• †Ailanthus
  • †Ailanthus americana
• Alangium
  • †Alangium thomae
• †Alepidophora
  • †Alepidophora maxima – type locality for species
• †Alismaphyllites
  • †Alismaphyllites grandifolius
• Alnus
  • †Alnus jarbidgana
  • †Alnus protomaximowiczii
  • †Alnus relata
• †Alphagaulus
  • †Alphagaulus pristinus

• 

  Life restoration of the Miocene elephant relative Amebelodon. Margret Flinsch (1932).

  †Amebelodon
  • †Amebelodon floridanus – or unidentified comparable form
• Amelanchier
  • †Amelanchier couleeana
  • †Amelanchier covea
• †Amentotaxus
  • †Amentotaxus campbelli
• Amia
  • †Amia fragosa
  • †Amia uintaensis
• †Ampelopsis
  • †Ampelopsis acerifolia
• †Amphechinus
  • †Amphechinus horncloudi

• 

  Life restoration of the Miocene-Pliocene beardog Amphicyon

  †Amphicyon
  • †Amphicyon riggsi – type locality for species
• †Amynodon
  • †Amynodon advenus – or unidentified comparable form
• †Amyzon
• †Anacodon
  • †Anacodon ursidens – or unidentified comparable form
• Anas
  • †Anas platyrhynchos – or unidentified comparable form
• †Ancenycteris
  • †Ancenycteris rasmusseni
• †Anconodon
  • †Anconodon cochranensis
  • †Anconodon gidleyi – type locality for species
• †Anemia
  • †Anemia elongata

• 

  Fossilized tooth of the Oligocene-Miocene shark Carcharocles angustidens

  †Angustidens
  • †Angustidens vireti – or unidentified comparable form
• †Anisonchus
  • †Anisonchus oligistus
  • †Anisonchus sectorius
• †Ansomys
  • †Ansomys hepburnensis – type locality for species
  • †Ansomys nexodens
• †Antholithes
  • †Antholithes asterias – type locality for species
  • †Antholithes botryanthera – type locality for species
  • †Antholithes divaricanthera – type locality for species
  • †Antholithes explodens – type locality for species
  • †Antholithes glandulifera – type locality for species
  • †Antholithes onagracioides – type locality for species
  • †Antholithes tropaeoloides – type locality for species
  • †Antholithes tulipoidea – type locality for species
  • †Antholithes umbelloidea – type locality for species
  • †Antholithes urnanthera – type locality for species
  • †Antholithes zygomorpha – type locality for species
• Antilocapra – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Antilocapra americana
• †Aphelops
• †Aphronorus
  • †Aphronorus fraudator – type locality for species
  • †Aphronorus orieli
• †Apternodus
  • †Apternodus baladontus – type locality for species
  • †Apternodus mediaevus – type locality for species
• †Araceaeites
• †Araucaria
  • †Araucaria longifolia

• 

  Fossilized skull of the Oligocene bone-crushing dog Archaeocyon

  †Archaeocyon
  • †Archaeocyon leptodus
• †Archaeohippus
• †Archaeolagus
• †Archisyrphus – type locality for genus
  • †Archisyrphus opacus – type locality for species
• †Arctocyon
  • †Arctocyon ferox

• 

  Restoration of an Arctodus, or short-faced bear, with a human to scale

  †Arctodus
  • †Arctodus simus
• †Arctostaphylos
  • †Arctostaphylos cuneata
• †Ardynomys
  • †Ardynomys occidentalis – type locality for species
• †Arretotherium
  • †Arretotherium acridens – type locality for species
• Arundo
  • †Arundo pseudogoepperti
• Arvicola
  • †Arvicola richardsonii
• †aspera
  • †aspera aspera

• 

  A living Astronium tree, which is related to cashews

  †Astronium
  • †Astronium truncatum
• †Athyana
  • †Athyana haydenii
• †Atoposemys
  • †Atoposemys entopteros
• †Aulolithomys
  • †Aulolithomys bounites – type locality for species
• †Averrhoites
  • †Averrhoites affinis
• †Avunculus
  • †Avunculus didelphodonti – type locality for species
• †Axestemys
  • †Axestemys montinsana

• 

  Living Azolla water ferns

  Azolla
  • †Azolla elegans – type locality for species
  • †Azolla fragilis – type locality for species
  • †Azolla velus

B

• †Baioconodon
  • †Baioconodon denverensis – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Baioconodon engdahli – type locality for species
  • †Baioconodon nordicus – type locality for species
• †Baiotomeus
  • †Baiotomeus douglassi
  • †Baiotomeus lamberti – type locality for species
• †Bathygenys
  • †Bathygenys alpha – type locality for species

• 

  Shoot and flowers of a modern Berberis, or barberry

  †Berberis
  • †Berberis acanthoides
• Berchemia
  • †Berchemia huanoides
• †Beringiaphyllum
  • †Beringiaphyllum cupanioides
• †Bessoecetor
  • †Bessoecetor septentrionalis
• Betula
  • †Betula fairii
  • †Betula stevensoni
  • †Betula thor
  • †Betula vera
• Bibio – or unidentified related form
• Bison
  • †Bison bison

  • 

    Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Pleistocene Bison latifrons, also known as the giant bison or long-horned bison

    †Bison latifrons – or unidentified comparable form
• †Bisonalveus
  • †Bisonalveus browni
• †Blastomeryx
  • †Blastomeryx gemmifer
• †Bootherium
• †Borealosuchus
  • †Borealosuchus sternbergii
• †Brachychampsa

• 

  Restorative portrait of the Miocene oreodont mammal Brachycrus

  †Brachycrus
  • †Brachycrus laticeps
• †Brachyerix
  • †Brachyerix incertis
• †Brachyrhynchocyon
  • †Brachyrhynchocyon dodgei
  • †Brachyrhynchocyon montanus – type locality for species
• †Browniea
  • †Browniea serrata

C

• †Caesalpinites
  • †Caesalpinites acuminatus
  • †Caesalpinites coloradicus
• †Calycites
  • †Calycites hexaphylla

• 

  Life restoration of the Pliocene-Holocene camel Camelops

  †Camelops
  • †Camelops minidokae
• †Camponotites
• †Canavalia
  • †Canavalia eocenica
• Canis
  • †Canis latrans
  • †Canis lupus
• †Canna
  • †Canna flaccidafolia
• †Carcinodon
  • †Carcinodon aquilonius
• †Cardiospermum
  • †Cardiospermum terminalis
• Carpinus
  • †Carpinus fraterna
  • †Carpinus lanceolata
• †Carpites
  • †Carpites amygdaloides – type locality for species
  • †Carpites carumcarvi – type locality for species
  • †Carpites eludens – type locality for species
  • †Carpites gracilens – type locality for species
  • †Carpites paniculatus – type locality for species
  • †Carpites polygonoides
  • †Carpites pruniformis – type locality for species
  • †Carpites racemosus – type locality for species
  • †Carpites verrucosus
• †Carpodaptes
  • †Carpodaptes hazelae – type locality for species
  • †Carpodaptes jepseni – tentative report

• 

  Life restoration of the Paleocene primate relative Carpolestes

  †Carpolestes
  • †Carpolestes nigridens – type locality for species
• Carya
  • †Carya antiquorum
  • †Carya libbeyi
• †Cassia
  • †Cassia fayettensis
  • †Cassia hesperia
  • †Cassia reticuloides
• Castanea
  • †Castanea dolichophylla
  • †Castanea intermedia
  • †Castanea miomollissima
  • †Castanea spokanensis
  • †Castanea spolanensis
• Castor
  • †Castor californicus

  • 

    A living Castor canadensis, or North American beaver

    †Castor canadensis
• †Catalpa
  • †Catalpa rubyensis – type locality for species
• †Catopsalis
  • †Catopsalis alexanderi
  • †Catopsalis waddleae
• Ceanothus
  • †Ceanothus prespinosus
  • †Ceanothus variabilis
• Cedrela
  • †Cedrela lancifolia
  • †Cedrela pteraformis
• †Celastrus
  • †Celastrus typicus
• Celtis
  • †Celtis aspera
  • †Celtis aspera (Newberry)
  • †Celtis chaneyi
  • †Celtis kansana
  • †Celtis mccoshii
  • †Celtis peracuminata
• †Centetodon
  • †Centetodon kuenzii – type locality for species
  • †Centetodon magnus
• Cercidiphyllum
  • †Cercidiphyllum arcticum
  • †Cercidiphyllum articum
  • †Cercidiphyllum crenatum
  • †Cercidiphyllum elongatum
  • †Cercidiphyllum genetrix

• 

  Flowers of a living Cercis or redbud tree

  Cercis
  • †Cercis parvifolia
  • †Cercis spokanensis
• †Cercocarpus
  • †Cercocarpus antiquus
  • †Cercocarpus beaannae
  • †Cercocarpus myricaefolius
• †Chadrolagus
  • †Chadrolagus emryi
• †Chaetoptelea
  • †Chaetoptelea microphylla
• †Chamaecyparis
  • †Chamaecyparis linguaefolia
• †Chamops
  • †Chamops segnis – or unidentified comparable form

• 

  Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous-Eocene choristoderan reptile Champsosaurus

  †Champsosaurus
• †Chiromyoides
  • †Chiromyoides potior
• †Chisternon
  • †Chisternon interpositum – type locality for species
• †Chriacus
  • †Chriacus baldwini
  • †Chriacus calenancus
  • †Chriacus pelvidens
  • †Chriacus punitor
• †Chthonophis – type locality for genus
  • †Chthonophis subterraneus – type locality for species
• †Cimexomys
  • †Cimexomys minor – type locality for species
• †Cimolestes
  • †Cimolestes incisus

• 

  A living Cinnamomum, or cinnamon tree

  Cinnamomum
  • †Cinnamomum sezannense
• Cissus
  • †Cissus marginata
• †Claenodon
  • †Claenodon montanensis
• Clematis
  • †Clematis ellensburgensis
• Cocculus
  • †Cocculus heteromorpha
• †Colodon
  • †Colodon cingulatus
  • †Colodon kayi – type locality for species
  • †Colodon woodi – or unidentified comparable form
• †Colpoclaenus
  • †Colpoclaenus keeferi – tentative report
  • †Colpoclaenus procyonoides – or unidentified comparable form
• †Colubrina
  • †Colubrina asiatica – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Colubrina preelliptica
• †Compsemys
  • †Compsemys victa
• †Coniferites
  • †Coniferites conicus – type locality for species
  • †Coniferites ovatus – type locality for species
  • †Coniferites strobiliformis – type locality for species

• 

  Illustration of fossilized vertebrae of the Late Cretaceous-Eocene snake Coniophis. Othniel Charles Marsh (1892).

  †Coniophis – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Coniophis precedens
• †Contogenys
  • †Contogenys ekalakaensis – type locality for species
  • †Contogenys sloani
• †Conzattia
  • †Conzattia coriacea
• †Copedelphys
  • †Copedelphys stevensoni – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Copedelphys titanelix – type locality for species
• †Copemys
  • †Copemys lindsayi – type locality for species
• †Coriphagus
  • †Coriphagus montanus – type locality for species
• Cornus
  • †Cornus cornella
  • †Cornus hyperborea
  • †Cornus ovalis
• †Corylus
  • †Corylus insignis
• †Coryphodon
  • †Coryphodon proterus – type locality for species
• †Cosmocomoidea
  • †Cosmocomoidea greenwalti – type locality for species
  • †Cosmocomoidea kootenai – type locality for species
  • †Cosmocomoidea rasnitsyni – type locality for species

• 

  Fossilized skeleton of the Miocene pronghorn-relative Cosoryx

  †Cosoryx – tentative report
• Crataegus
  • †Crataegus elwyni
  • †Crataegus pacifica
• †Credneria
  • †Credneria daturaefolia
• Crematogaster
  • †Crematogaster aurora – type locality for species
• †Crustulus – type locality for genus
  • †Crustulus fontanus – type locality for species
• †Cryptoryctes – type locality for genus
  • †Cryptoryctes kayi – type locality for species
• Culiseta
  • †Culiseta kishenehn – type locality for species
  • †Culiseta lemniscata – type locality for species
• †Cupidinimus
  • †Cupidinimus halli – type locality for species
• †Cyclurus
  • †Cyclurus fragosus
• †Cylindrodon – type locality for genus
  • †Cylindrodon fontis – type locality for species
• †Cynodesmus
  • †Cynodesmus thooides – type locality for species
• Cynomys

  • 

    A living Cynomys ludovicianus, or black-tailed prairie dog

    †Cynomys ludovicianus

D

• †Dalbergia

  • 

    Foliage of a living Dalbergia retusa tree

    †Dalbergia retusa
• †Daphoenictis – or unidentified comparable form
• †Davidia
  • †Davidia antiqua
• †Davispia – type locality for genus
  • †Davispia bearcreekensis – type locality for species
• †Derrisemys – type locality for genus
  • †Derrisemys sterea – type locality for species
• †Desmatochoerus
  • †Desmatochoerus hatcheri – type locality for species
• †Desmatolagus – tentative report
• †Deuterogonodon
  • †Deuterogonodon montanus – type locality for species
• †Diceratherium
  • †Diceratherium annectens
  • †Diceratherium armatum
  • †Diceratherium radtkei – type locality for species
• †Didymictis
• †Dillerlemur
  • †Dillerlemur pagei – type locality for species

• 

  Life restoration of the Eocene-Miocene false saber-toothed cat Dinictis. Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913).

  †Dinictis
• †Dinohippus
• †Dioctria – tentative report
  • †Dioctria jamesi – type locality for species
• †Diospyros
  • †Diospyros oregoniana
• †Diphysa
  • †Diphysa presuberosa
• †Diplodipelta – type locality for genus
  • †Diplodipelta reniptera

• 

  Fossilized samara of the Eocene-modern Dipteronia tree

  Dipteronia
  • †Dipteronia insignis
• †Dissacus
• †Dixella
  • †Dixella curvistyla – type locality for species
  • †Dixella eomarginata – type locality for species
  • †Dixella intacta – type locality for species
  • †Dixella spinilobata – type locality for species
• Dolichoderus
  • †Dolichoderus dlusskyi – type locality for species
• †Domnina
  • †Domnina gradata – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Domnina thompsoni – type locality for species
• †Domninoides
• †Dorraletes
  • †Dorraletes diminutivus
• †Douglassciurus
  • †Douglassciurus jeffersoni – type locality for species
• †Downsimus

• 

  Fossilized horns, jaws, and limb bones of the Miocene deer relative Dromomeryx

  †Dromomeryx
  • †Dromomeryx borealis
• †Dryinoides – type locality for genus
  • †Dryinoides oxyrhachis – type locality for species
• Dryopteris
  • †Dryopteris lakesi
  • †Dryopteris serrata

E

• 

  Fossilized skull of the Paleocene-Eocene mammal Ectocion

  †Ectocion
  • †Ectocion cedrus
  • †Ectocion collinus
• †Ectoganus
  • †Ectoganus lobdelli
• †Ectypodus
  • †Ectypodus aphronorus – type locality for species
  • †Ectypodus laytoni – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Ectypodus lovei
  • †Ectypodus powelli – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Ectypodus szalayi – type locality for species
• †Ellipsodon
  • †Ellipsodon lemuroides

• 

  Life restoration of the Eocene-Oligocene anthracothere mammal Elomeryx

  †Elomeryx – tentative report
• †Elphidotarsius
  • †Elphidotarsius florencae – type locality for species
  • †Elphidotarsius russelli
• †Elpidophorus
  • †Elpidophorus elegans
  • †Elpidophorus minor – type locality for species
• †Entoptychus
  • †Entoptychus montanensis
• †Eoanaphes – type locality for genus
  • †Eoanaphes stethynioides – type locality for species
• †Eoanomala – type locality for genus
  • †Eoanomala melas – type locality for species
• †Eoconodon
  • †Eoconodon hutchisoni
  • †Eoconodon nidhoggi
• †Eoeustochus – type locality for genus
  • †Eoeustochus borchersi – type locality for species
  • †Eoeustochus kishenehn – type locality for species
• †Eoformica
  • †Eoformica brevipetiola – type locality for species
  • †Eoformica latimedia – type locality for species
  • †Eoformica pinguis
• †Eogyropsylla
  • †Eogyropsylla paveloctogenarius – type locality for species
• †Eolestes
  • †Eolestes ramosus – type locality for species
  • †Eolestes syntheticus
• †Eotitanops

• 

  Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene bone-crushing dog Epicyon

  †Epicyon
  • †Epicyon haydeni
• †Epihippus
  • †Epihippus gracilis – or unidentified comparable form
• †Epoicotherium
  • †Epoicotherium unicum
• †Equisetum
  • †Equisetum aquatile – type locality for species
  • †Equisetum arcticum
  • †Equisetum octangulatum
• Equus

  • 

    Life restoration of the Pleistocene-Holocene Equus conversidens, or Mexican horse

    †Equus conversidens – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Equus proversus
• Erucius – tentative report
  • †Erucius lewisi – type locality for species
• †Eucastor
  • †Eucastor tortus
• †Eucommia
  • †Eucommia montana
  • †Eucommia serrata
• †Eudaemonema
  • †Eudaemonema cuspidata – type locality for species
• †Euhapsis – tentative report
• †Eumys
  • †Eumys brachyodus
  • †Eumys elegans
  • †Eumys parvidens – or unidentified comparable form

• 

  Foliage and fruit of a modern Euonymus

  †Euonymus
  • †Euonymus pacificus
• †Euoplocyon
  • †Euoplocyon brachygnathus
• †Euroxenomys
  • †Euroxenomys inconnexus – type locality for species
• †Eutypomys
  • †Eutypomys inexpectatus – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Eutypomys montanensis – type locality for species
  • †Eutypomys parvus
• Exbucklandia
  • †Exbucklandia oregonensis
• Exechia – or unidentified related form
• †Exostinus
  • †Exostinus lancensis

F

• †Fagopsis
  • †Fagopsis longifolia
• Ficus
  • †Ficus affinis
  • †Ficus artocarpoides
  • †Ficus planicostata
  • †Ficus subtruncata
• Fidiobia

• 

  A living Fokienia cypress tree

  Fokienia
  • †Fokienia catenulata
• Formica
  • †Formica annosa – type locality for species
• †Fraxinus
  • †Fraxinus brevialata
  • †Fraxinus eocenica
  • †Fraxinus flexifolia
  • †Fraxinus rupinarum

G

• †Galbreathia
  • †Galbreathia bettae
• †Gelastops
  • †Gelastops parcus – type locality for species
• Geochelone
  • †Geochelone primaeva – type locality for species
• Gerrhonotus – or unidentified comparable form
• †Gingerichia – type locality for genus
  • †Gingerichia geoteretes – type locality for species
• Ginkgo

  • 

    Restored foliage of the Late Cretaceous-Miocene ginkgo tree Ginkgo adiantoides

    †Ginkgo adiantoides
• Gleichenia
  • †Gleichenia hesperia
• Glyptostrobus
  • †Glyptostrobus nordenskioldi
  • †Glyptostrobus oregonensis
• †Goniacodon
  • †Goniacodon levisanus
• †Gregorymys
  • †Gregorymys douglassi – type locality for species
• †Gripholagomys – tentative report

H

• †Habrosaurus
  • †Habrosaurus dilatus
• †Hamamelites
  • †Hamamelites inaequalis
• †Haplaletes
  • †Haplaletes andakupensis
  • †Haplaletes disceptatrix – type locality for species
• †Haplomylus
  • †Haplomylus palustris – type locality for species
• †Helaletes
  • †Helaletes nanus
• †Heliscomys
  • †Heliscomys gregoryi
  • †Heliscomys mcgrewi – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Heliscomys ostranderi
• Helius
  • †Helius constenius – type locality for species

• 

  Fossilized skull of the Oligocene lizard Helodermoides

  †Helodermoides – type locality for genus
  • †Helodermoides tuberculatus – type locality for species
• †Hendryomeryx
  • †Hendryomeryx defordi – or unidentified comparable form
• †Herpetotherium
  • †Herpetotherium fugax
  • †Herpetotherium knighti – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Herpetotherium valens
• †Hesperhys
  • †Hesperhys vagrans
• Hesperinus – or unidentified related form

• 

  Life restoration of the Eocene-Oligocene dog Hesperocyon. Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913).

  †Hesperocyon
  • †Hesperocyon gregarius
• †Heteraletes
  • †Heteraletes leotanus
• †Hiodon
  • †Hiodon consteniorum – type locality for species
• Holmskioldia
  • †Holmskioldia speiri
• †Holopogon
  • †Holopogon archilestes – type locality for species
• Homo
  • †Homo sapiens

• 

  Restoration of Pliocene-Pleistocene Homotherium, or scimitar cat

  †Homotherium
  • †Homotherium serum
• †Huerfanodon – or unidentified comparable form
• †Hutchemys – type locality for genus
  • †Hutchemys rememdium – type locality for species
• †Hyaenodon
  • †Hyaenodon crucians
• Hydrangea
  • †Hydrangea knowltoni
• †Hydromystria
  • †Hydromystria expansa
• †Hyopsodus
  • †Hyopsodus sholemi

• 

  Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Eocene-Miocene even-toed ungulate Hypertragulus

  †Hypertragulus
  • †Hypertragulus calcaratus
• †Hypisodus
  • †Hypisodus minimus
• †Hypohippus
  • †Hypohippus osborni – or unidentified comparable form
• †Hypolagus
  • †Hypolagus vetus
• †Hypsiops
  • †Hypsiops breviceps – type locality for species
• †Hyrachyus
  • †Hyrachyus douglassi – type locality for species
• †Hyracodon
  • †Hyracodon medius
  • †Hyracodon priscidens

I

• †Ictidopappus
  • †Ictidopappus mustelinus – type locality for species
• †Ignacius
  • †Ignacius frugivorus
• †Ilex[1]
  • †Ilex acuminata – later renamed Ilex mormonica[1]
  • †Ilex mormonica – type locality for species. Formerly known as Ilex acuminata.[1]
• †Intyrictis
  • †Intyrictis vanvaleni
• †Ischyrhiza – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Ischyrhiza avonicola

• 

  Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Eocene-Oligocene rodent Ischyromys

  †Ischyromys
  • †Ischyromys douglassi – type locality for species
  • †Ischyromys typus
  • †Ischyromys veterior – type locality for species
• Isoetes
  • †Isoetes trullata – type locality for species
• †Isoetites
  • †Isoetites horridus
• Isonychia
  • †Isonychia alderensis – type locality for species

J

• †Jepsenella – type locality for genus
  • †Jepsenella praepropera – type locality for species
• †Judithemys
  • †Judithemys backmani
• †Juglandicarya
• †Juglandiphyllites
  • †Juglandiphyllites glabra
• Juglans

  • 

    A living Juglans regia also known as the Persian or English walnut

    †Juglans regia – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Juglans taurina
• Juniperus
  • †Juniperus nevadensis

K

• †Kerria
  • †Kerria antiqua
• †Kimbetohia
  • †Kimbetohia mziae

• 

  A living Koelreuteria tree

  Koelreuteria
  • †Koelreuteria arnoldi
  • †Koelreuteria bipinnatoides
• †Ktunaxia – type locality for genus
  • †Ktunaxia jucunda – type locality for species
• †Kukusepasutanka
  • †Kukusepasutanka schultzi

L

• †Labidolemur – type locality for genus
  • †Labidolemur kayi – type locality for species
• Lasius
  • †Lasius glom – type locality for species
• †Lastrea
  • †Lastrea goldiana
• †Latiblattella
  • †Latiblattella avita – type locality for species
• †Laurophyllum
  • †Laurophyllum perseanum

• 

  Living Laurus, or laurel trees

  Laurus
  • †Laurus socialis
• †Leguminosites
• †Leidymys
• †Leipsanolestes
  • †Leipsanolestes siegfriedti
• Lemmiscus
  • †Lemmiscus curtatus
• Lepisosteus
  • †Lepisosteus occidentalis
• †Leptacodon
  • †Leptacodon munusculum – type locality for species
  • †Leptacodon packi – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Leptacodon proserpinae
  • †Leptacodon tener
• †Leptarctus – type locality for genus
  • †Leptarctus primus – type locality for species
• †Leptauchenia
  • †Leptauchenia decora
  • †Leptauchenia major
• †Leptictis
• †Leptochoerus
• †Leptocyon
  • †Leptocyon douglassi – type locality for species
• †Leptodontomys

• 

  Life restoration of the Eocene-Oligocene even-toed ungulate Leptomeryx

  †Leptomeryx
  • †Leptomeryx esulcatus
  • †Leptomeryx evansi
  • †Leptomeryx mammifer
  • †Leptomeryx speciosus
  • †Leptomeryx yoderi – or unidentified comparable form
• †Leptonysson – type locality for genus
  • †Leptonysson basiliscus – type locality for species
• †Leptoreodon
  • †Leptoreodon marshi
• †Leucaena
  • †Leucaena californica
• †Lignimus
• †Limnenetes
  • †Limnenetes platyceps – type locality for species
• †Limnoecus
• Lindera
  • †Lindera obtusata
• †Lisserpeton
  • †Lisserpeton bairdi
• †Litaletes
  • †Litaletes disjunctus – type locality for species

• 

  Life restoration of the Paleocene-Eocene bird Lithornis

  †Lithornis
  • †Lithornis celetius – type locality for species
• †Litocherus
  • †Litocherus lacunatus
  • †Litocherus notissimus – type locality for species
• †Litomylus
  • †Litomylus dissentaneus – type locality for species
  • †Litomylus ishami – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Litomylus orthronepius
• †Loxolophus
  • †Loxolophus pentacus
  • †Loxolophus schizophrenus
• †Lutetialestes – type locality for genus
  • †Lutetialestes uniformis – type locality for species
• Lynx

  • 

    A living Lynx rufus, or bobcat

    †Lynx rufus

M

• †Machaerosaurus
  • †Machaerosaurus torrejonensis

• 

  Close-up view of a Magnolia flower

  Magnolia
  • †Magnolia borealis
  • †Magnolia magnifolia
• Mahonia
  • †Mahonia hakeaeformis
  • †Mahonia limirivuli
  • †Mahonia lobodonta
  • †Mahonia obliqua
  • †Mahonia retculata
  • †Mahonia reticulata
  • †Mahonia simplex
  • †Mahonia subdenticulata
• †Mammut
  • †Mammut americanum
• †Mammuthus
  • †Mammuthus columbi

  • 

    Life restorations of a Mammut americanum, or American mastodon (right), and a Mammuthus primigenius, or wooly mammoth (left)

    †Mammuthus primigenius
• Marchantia
  • †Marchantia lignitica
  • †Marchantia pealei
• Marmota
  • †Marmota flaviventria
• †Marquettia
  • †Marquettia metzeli – type locality for species
• Martes
  • †Martes kinseyi – or unidentified comparable form
• †Mcconichthys – type locality for genus
  • †Mcconichthys longipinnis – type locality for species

• 

  Life restoration of battling males of the Eocene brontothere mammal Megacerops

  †Megacerops
  • †Megacerops kuwagatarhinus – type locality for species
• †Megahippus
• †Megalagus
  • †Megalagus brachyodon – type locality for species
  • †Megalagus dawsoni – type locality for species
  • †Megalagus turgidus – or unidentified comparable form
• †Megalonyx
  • †Megalonyx jeffersonii
• †Megantereon
• †Megatylopus
  • †Megatylopus gigas
• †Melastomites
  • †Melastomites montanensis
• †Meniscomys
• †Menodus
• †Merriamoceros
• †Merychippus
  • †Merychippus sejunctus
• †Merychyus
  • †Merychyus arenarum – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Merychyus smithi
• †Merycochoerus
  • †Merycochoerus chelydra

• 

  Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene pronghorn Merycodus

  †Merycodus
  • †Merycodus necatus – or unidentified comparable form
• †Merycoides
  • †Merycoides longiceps
• †Merycoidodon
  • †Merycoidodon culbertsoni – or unidentified comparable form
• †Mesodma
  • †Mesodma ambigua – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Mesodma formosa
  • †Mesodma garfieldensis – type locality for species
  • †Mesodma pygmaea – type locality for species
  • †Mesodma thompsoni
• †Mesogaulus
  • †Mesogaulus ballensis – type locality for species
  • †Mesogaulus douglassi
• †Mesohippus
  • †Mesohippus bairdi
  • †Mesohippus westoni – type locality for species

• 

  Fossilized skull of the Miocene oreodont mammal Mesoreodon

  †Mesoreodon
  • †Mesoreodon chelonyx
  • †Mesoreodon minor – type locality for species
• †Mesoscalops
  • †Mesoscalops montanensis – type locality for species
• †Metadjidaumo
• Metasequoia
  • †Metasequoia occidentalis
• †Metopium
  • †Metopium metopioides

• 

  Life restoration of the Paleocene-Eocene mammal Miacis

  †Miacis – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
• †Microcosmodon
  • †Microcosmodon harleyi – type locality for species
• †Micropternodus
  • †Micropternodus borealis – type locality for species
• Microtus
  • †Microtus pennsylvanicus – or unidentified comparable form
• †Mimatuta
  • †Mimatuta minuial
  • †Mimatuta morgoth – type locality for species
• †Mimetodon
  • †Mimetodon silberlingi – type locality for species
• †Mimosites
  • †Mimosites acaciafolius
• †Mimotricentes
  • †Mimotricentes fremontensis
  • †Mimotricentes tedfordi – tentative report
• †Minerisporites
  • †Minerisporites glossoferus (Dijkstra) n. comb.
• †Miniochoerus – tentative report

• 

  Fossilized skull of the Eocene-Oligocene three-toed horse Miohippus

  †Miohippus – type locality for genus
  • †Miohippus anceps – tentative report
  • †Miohippus annectens – tentative report
  • †Miohippus equiceps – tentative report
  • †Miohippus gemmarosae – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Miohippus grandis
  • †Miohippus obliquidens
  • †Miohippus taxus – type locality for species
• †Mionictis – tentative report
• †Miopsyche – tentative report
  • †Miopsyche rubiensis – type locality for species
• †Mnium
  • †Mnium montanense
• †Mojavemys
• †Monosaulax
  • †Monosaulax pansus – tentative report
• †Montanatylopus
  • †Montanatylopus matthewi – type locality for species
• †Mookomys
  • †Mookomys formicarum – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Mookomys thrinax – type locality for species
• Morus
• †Muscites
  • †Muscites gracilens
• Mustela
  • †Mustela frenata
• †Mustelavus
  • †Mustelavus priscus
• Myrica
  • †Myrica lignitum
  • †Myrica mormonensis
  • †Myrica serrulata
• †Myrmecoboides
  • †Myrmecoboides montanensis – type locality for species
• †Myrtophyllum
  • †Myrtophyllum torreyi
• †Mystipterus
• †Mytonolagus
  • †Mytonolagus petersoni – or unidentified comparable form

N

• †Namatomys
  • †Namatomys lloydi – type locality for species
• †Nannodectes
  • †Nannodectes gidleyi – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Nannodectes intermedius
  • †Nannodectes simpsoni – or unidentified comparable form
• †Nanodelphys
  • †Nanodelphys hunti
• †Nanotragulus
• †Navajovius
• †Nelumbago
  • †Nelumbago montanum
• †Nelumbo

• 

  Life restoration of a herd of Neohipparion. Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913).

  †Neohipparion
• †Neoplagiaulax
  • †Neoplagiaulax donaldorum – type locality for species
  • †Neoplagiaulax grangeri – type locality for species
  • †Neoplagiaulax hunteri – type locality for species
  • †Neoplagiaulax kremnus
  • †Neoplagiaulax mckennai
  • †Neoplagiaulax nelsoni – type locality for species
• †Niglarodon
  • †Niglarodon blacki – type locality for species
  • †Niglarodon koerneri – type locality for species
  • †Niglarodon loneyi – type locality for species
  • †Niglarodon progressus
• †Nordenskioldia
  • †Nordenskioldia borealis

• 

  A living Nuphar water lily

  †Nuphar
  • †Nuphar advenoides
• †Nyctitherium
• †Nymphaeites
  • †Nymphaeites nevadensis
• †Nyssa
  • †Nyssa alata
  • †Nyssa borealis
  • †Nyssa crenata

O

• †Ocajila
  • †Ocajila makpiyahe – or unidentified comparable form
• †Odaxosaurus
  • †Odaxosaurus piger

• 

  A living Odocoileus deer

  Odocoileus – or unidentified comparable form
• †Ogmophis
  • †Ogmophis arenarum – type locality for species
• Olar
  • †Olar buccinator
• †Oligodontosaurus
  • †Oligodontosaurus wyomingensis – or unidentified comparable form
• †Oligoryctes
  • †Oligoryctes altitalonidus
  • †Oligoryctes cameronensis
• †Oligoscalops
• †Oligotheriomys
  • †Oligotheriomys senrudi

• 

  A living Ondatra, or muskrat

  Ondatra
  • †Ondatra xibethicus
  • †Ondatra zibethicus
• †Onoclea
  • †Onoclea hesperia
• †Onychodectes
  • †Onychodectes tisonensis
• †Opisthotriton
  • †Opisthotriton gidleyi – type locality for species
  • †Opisthotriton kayi
• Oreohelix
• †Oreolagus
  • †Oreolagus nevadensis
• †Oreonetes
  • †Oreonetes anceps
  • †Oreonetes douglassi
• †Osmanthus
  • †Osmanthus praemissa

• 

  Living Osmunda ferns

  †Osmunda
  • †Osmunda greenlandica
  • †Osmunda macrophylla
  • †Osmunda occidentalis
• Ostrya
  • †Ostrya oregoniana
• †Otarocyon
  • †Otarocyon macdonaldi
• †Oxyacodon
  • †Oxyacodon apiculatus
  • †Oxyacodon ferronensis
  • †Oxyacodon marshater
• †Oxyclaenus
  • †Oxyclaenus pugnax

• 

  Life restoration of a pair of the Oligocene-Miocene camel Oxydactylus. Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913).

  †Oxydactylus
  • †Oxydactylus lacota – or unidentified comparable form
• †Oxyprimus
  • †Oxyprimus erikseni – type locality for species

P

• †Paciculus
• †Pagonomus – or unidentified comparable form
• †Palaechthon – type locality for genus
  • †Palaechthon alticuspis – type locality for species
  • †Palaechthon woodi – or unidentified comparable form
• †Palaeictops
• †Palaeocarpinus
• †Palaeogale
  • †Palaeogale sectoria
• †Palaeohypnum
  • †Palaeohypnum beckeri
• †Palaeolabrus
  • †Palaeolabrus montanensis – or unidentified comparable form

• 

  Restoration of the Oligocene rabbit relative Palaeolagus

  †Palaeolagus
  • †Palaeolagus burkei
  • †Palaeolagus haydeni
  • †Palaeolagus hypsodus
  • †Palaeolagus intermedius
  • †Palaeolagus temnodon – type locality for species
• †Palaeophytocrene
• †Palaeoryctes
• †Palaeosinopa
  • †Palaeosinopa didelphoides – or unidentified comparable form

• 

  Restorative model and fossilized skull of the Eocene brontothere mammal Palaeosyops

  †Palaeosyops
  • †Palaeosyops fontinalis
• †Palaeoxantusia
  • †Palaeoxantusia fera
• †Palatobaena
  • †Palatobaena bairdi
• †Palenochtha – type locality for genus
  • †Palenochtha minor – type locality for species
• †Paleonelumbo
  • †Paleonelumbo macroloba
• †Paleonuphar
  • †Paleonuphar hesperium
• †Paleopsephurus – or unidentified comparable form
• †Paleotomus
  • †Paleotomus senior – type locality for species

• 

  Flowers and foliage of a living Paliurus

  Paliurus
  • †Paliurus dumosus
  • †Paliurus florissanti
• †Pandemonium
  • †Pandemonium dis – type locality for species
• †Pantolambda
  • †Pantolambda intermedius – type locality for species
• †Pantomimus – type locality for genus
  • †Pantomimus leari – type locality for species
• †Paracosoryx
• †Paradjidaumo
  • †Paradjidaumo spokanensis – type locality for species
  • †Paradjidaumo trilophus
• †Paramerychyus
  • †Paramerychyus harrisonensis

• 

  Fossilized skeleton of the Pliocene-Pleistocene ground sloth Paramylodon

  †Paramylodon
  • †Paramylodon harlani
• †Paramys
  • †Paramys relictus
• †Paranymphaea
  • †Paranymphaea crassifolia
• †Parapliosaccomys
  • †Parapliosaccomys annae – or unidentified comparable form
• †Pararyctes
  • †Pararyctes pattersoni
• †Paratomarctus
  • †Paratomarctus temerarius
• †Parectypodus
  • †Parectypodus sinclairi – type locality for species
  • †Parectypodus sylviae
• †Pareumys – tentative report
• †Parictis
  • †Parictis montanus
• †Paromomys
  • †Paromomys depressidens – type locality for species
  • †Paromomys maturus – type locality for species
• †Parthenocissus
  • †Parthenocissus ursina
• †Parvericius
  • †Parvericius montanus
• †Paulownia
  • †Paulownia columbiana
  • †Paulownia thomsoni

• 

  Fossilized skull of the Eocene-Oligocene lizard Peltosaurus

  †Peltosaurus
• †Pelycomys
• †Penetrigonias
  • †Penetrigonias dakotensis
• †Penosphyllum
  • †Penosphyllum cordatum
• Penthetria
  • †Penthetria abacula – type locality for species
  • †Penthetria alderensis – type locality for species
  • †Penthetria rubiensis – type locality for species
• †Peraceras
  • †Peraceras profectum
  • †Peraceras superciliosum
• †Peradectes
  • †Peradectes elegans – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Peradectes minor – type locality for species
  • †Peradectes protinnominatus – or unidentified comparable form
• †Peridiomys
  • †Peridiomys halis – type locality for species
• †Periptychus
• †Perognathoides
  • †Perognathoides eurekensis – or unidentified comparable form
• Perognathus
  • †Perognathus ancenensis – type locality for species
• Peromyscus
  • †Peromyscus maniculatus – or unidentified comparable form
• Persea
  • †Persea brossiana
• †Petauristodon
• †Phasmatopelecinus – type locality for genus
  • †Phasmatopelecinus leonae – type locality for species
• †Phenacodaptes – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Phenacodaptes sabulosus

• 

  Life restoration of the Paleocene-Eocene ungulate Phenacodus. Charles R. Knight (1898).

  †Phenacodus
  • †Phenacodus bisonensis
  • †Phenacodus intermedius
  • †Phenacodus magnus
• Phragmites
  • †Phragmites alaskana
• †Phthiria
  • †Phthiria fossa – type locality for species
• †Phyllites
  • †Phyllites demoresi
  • †Phyllites disturbans
• Picea
  • †Picea lahontensis
  • †Picea magna
  • †Picea sonomensis
• †Piceoerpeton
  • †Piceoerpeton willwoodense
• †Picrodus
  • †Picrodus canpacius
  • †Picrodus silberlingi – type locality for species

• 

  A living Pinus, or pine tree

  Pinus
  • †Pinus florissanti
  • †Pinus wheeleri
• †Pipestoneia – type locality for genus
  • †Pipestoneia douglassi – type locality for species
• †Pipestoneomys
  • †Pipestoneomys bisulcatus
• †Pithecolobium
  • †Pithecolobium eocenicum
• †Planatus
  • †Planatus nobilis
  • †Planatus raynoldsi
• †Planetetherium
  • †Planetetherium mirabile – type locality for species
• †Plastomenoides – type locality for genus
  • †Plastomenoides lamberti – type locality for species
  • †Plastomenoides tetanetron – type locality for species
• †Plastomenus – or unidentified comparable form
• Platanus
  • †Platanus dissecta
  • †Platanus nobilis
  • †Platanus raynoldsi
  • †Platanus raynoldsii
  • †Platanus stenoloba
• Plecia
  • †Plecia inflata – type locality for species

• 

  Life restoration of the Paleocene-Eocene primate Plesiadapis

  †Plesiadapis
  • †Plesiadapis anceps – type locality for species
  • †Plesiadapis churchilli – type locality for species
  • †Plesiadapis praecursor – type locality for species
  • †Plesiadapis rex – type locality for species
• †Plesiolestes
  • †Plesiolestes problematicus
• †Pleurolicus
• †Plioceros
  • †Plioceros blicki – or unidentified comparable form
• †Pliohippus
• †Plionictis
  • †Plionictis ogygia
• †Plithocyon
  • †Plithocyon ursinus
• †Poacites
• †Poebrotherium
  • †Poebrotherium eximium – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Poebrotherium wilsoni

• 

  Illustration of a fossilized skull of the Oligocene false faber-toothed cat Pogonodon

  †Pogonodon
• †Ponerites
  • †Ponerites kishenehne – type locality for species
• Populus
  • †Populus adamantea
  • †Populus balsamoides
  • †Populus cedrusensis
  • †Populus cinnamomoides
  • †Populus eotremuloides
  • †Populus lindgreni
  • †Populus nebrascensis
  • †Populus payettensis
  • †Populus washoensis
• †Potamanthellus
  • †Potamanthellus rubiensis – type locality for species
• †Potentilla
  • †Potentilla horkelioides
  • †Potentilla salmonensis
• †Pradjidaumo
  • †Pradjidaumo trilophus
• †Preissites
  • †Preissites wardi
  • †Preissites wardii
• †Procerberus
  • †Procerberus formicarum – type locality for species
  • †Procerberus grandis – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Procerberus plutonis
• †Prochetodon
  • †Prochetodon foxi – type locality for species
• †Prodesmodon
  • †Prodesmodon copei
• †Prodiacodon
  • †Prodiacodon concordiarcensis – type locality for species
  • †Prodiacodon crustulum – type locality for species
  • †Prodiacodon furor – type locality for species

• 

  Fossil of the Eocene ant Proiridomyrmex

  †Proiridomyrmex
  • †Proiridomyrmex rotundatus – type locality for species
• †Prokalotermes
  • †Prokalotermes alderensis – type locality for species
• †Promerycochoerus
  • †Promerycochoerus superbus
• †Promioclaenus
  • †Promioclaenus acolytus
• †Pronodens
  • †Pronodens silberlingi – type locality for species
• †Pronothodectes
  • †Pronothodectes matthewi – type locality for species
• †Propalaeosinopa
  • †Propalaeosinopa albertensis
• †Proscalops
  • †Proscalops intermedius – type locality for species
• †Prosciurus
  • †Prosciurus parvus – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Prosciurus vetustus – type locality for species
• †Prosphyracephala
  • †Prosphyracephala rubiensis – type locality for species

• 

  Fossil of the Oligocene ant Protazteca

  †Protazteca
  • †Protazteca eocenica – type locality for species
• †Protentomodon
  • †Protentomodon ursirivalis – type locality for species
• †Prothryptacodon
  • †Prothryptacodon furens – type locality for species
• †Protictis
  • †Protictis haydenianus
  • †Protictis microlestes
• †Protochriacus
  • †Protochriacus simplex

• 

  Fossilized skeleton of the Miocene horse Protohippus

  †Protohippus
• †Protolabis
  • †Protolabis gracilis – or unidentified comparable form
• †Protoreodon
  • †Protoreodon pearcei
  • †Protoreodon pumilus
• †Protungulatum
  • †Protungulatum donnae
  • †Protungulatum gorgun – type locality for species
  • †Protungulatum sloani – type locality for species
• †Provaranosaurus – or unidentified comparable form
• †Proxestops
  • †Proxestops silberlingi
  • †Proxestops silberlingii – type locality for species
• Prunus
  • †Prunus careyhurstia
  • †Prunus corrugis
  • †Prunus lyoniifolia – type locality for species
  • †Prunus morangensis
  • †Prunus perita
  • †Prunus scottii
  • †Prunus wilcoxiana

• 

  Replica of a fossilized cranium of the Miocene horse Pseudhipparion

  †Pseudhipparion
• †Pseudocylindrodon
  • †Pseudocylindrodon medius – type locality for species
  • †Pseudocylindrodon neglectus – type locality for species
• †Pseudolarix
  • †Pseudolarix americana
• †Pseudomesoreodon – type locality for genus
  • †Pseudomesoreodon rooneyi – type locality for species
• Pseudomyrmex
  • †Pseudomyrmex saxulum – type locality for species
• †Pseudotettigonia
  • †Pseudotettigonia leona – type locality for species
• †Pseudotheridomys
• †Pseudotrimylus
• †Pseudotsuga
  • †Pseudotsuga longifolia
  • †Pseudotsuga sonomensis

• 

  Life restoration of the Paleocene taeniodont mammal Psittacotherium multifragum

  †Psittacotherium
  • †Psittacotherium multifragum
• Ptelea
  • †Ptelea miocenica
• †Ptenidium
  • †Ptenidium kishenehnicum – type locality for species
• Pteris
• Pterocarya
  • †Pterocarya hispida
• †Ptilodus
  • †Ptilodus kummae
  • †Ptilodus montanus – type locality for species
  • †Ptilodus tsosiensis

• 

  Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous-Paleocene primate relative Purgatorius

  †Purgatorius
  • †Purgatorius janisae – type locality for species
  • †Purgatorius titusi – type locality for species
  • †Purgatorius unio – type locality for species
• †Pyracantha
  • †Pyracantha spatulata – type locality for species

Q

• 

  A living Quercus, or oak tree

  Quercus
  • †Quercus convexa
  • †Quercus dayana
  • †Quercus dispersa – tentative report
  • †Quercus eoprinus
  • †Quercus hannibali
  • †Quercus prelobata
  • †Quercus prevariabilis
  • †Quercus pseudolyrata
  • †Quercus simulata
  • †Quercus sullyi
  • †Quercus winstanleyi

R

• †Rana – or unidentified comparable form
• Rangifer

  • 

    A living Rangifer tarandus, or reindeer

    †Rangifer tarandus
• †Rhamnites
  • †Rhamnites pseudostenophyllus
• †Rhamnus
  • †Rhamnus cleburni
  • †Rhamnus crocea
  • †Rhamnus hirsuta
• Rhus
  • †Rhus milleri
  • †Rhus miosuccedanea
  • †Rhus obscura
  • †Rhus praeovata
  • †Rhus stellariaefolia
• †Robinia
  • †Robinia californica
  • †Robinia lesquereuxi
• Rosa
  • †Rosa hilliae

S

• Sabal
  • †Sabal grayana
  • †Sabal imperialis
  • †Sabal powelli
• †Saccoloma
  • †Saccoloma gardneri

• 

  A living Salix, or willow

  Salix
  • †Salix aquilina
  • †Salix cockerelli
  • †Salix hesperia
  • †Salix knowltoni
  • †Salix laevigatoides
  • †Salix longiacuminata
  • †Salix schimperi
  • †Salix stipulata – type locality for species
  • †Salix succorensis
  • †Salix taxifolioides
  • †Salix truckeana
  • †Salix wildcatensis
  • †Salix wimmeriana
• †Sambucus
  • †Sambucus newtoni
• †Sapindus
  • †Sapindus coloradensis
• Sassafras
  • †Sassafras ashleyi
  • †Sassafras columbiana

  • 

    Fossilized leaf of the Eocene sassafras Sassafras hesperia

    †Sassafras hesperia
  • †Sassafras thermale
• †Scalopoides
• †Scapherpeton
  • †Scapherpeton tectum
• †Scaphohippus
  • †Scaphohippus intermontanus – or unidentified comparable form
• †Scenopagus
• †Schizotheriodes
  • †Schizotheriodes parvus – type locality for species
• †Scotiophryne – or unidentified comparable form
• †Scottimus
  • †Scottimus longiquus – type locality for species
  • †Scottimus viduus
• †Selaginella
  • †Selaginella collieri
  • †Selaginella monstrosa
• †Senoprosopis
  • †Senoprosopis beckeri – type locality for species
• Sequoia

  • 

    Fossilized branch fragment from a Sequoia affinis

    †Sequoia affinis
• †Sespemys – tentative report
• †Simoedosaurus
• †Simpson
  • †Simpson lists
• †Simpsonictis
  • †Simpsonictis tenuis
• †Smilax
  • †Smilax trinervis
• †Solenopsites
  • †Solenopsites abdita – type locality for species
• †Sophora
  • †Sophora spokanensis
• †Sorbus
  • †Sorbus harneyensis
• †Sparganium
  • †Sparganium antiquum
• Spea
  • †Spea neuter
• Spermophilus
  • †Spermophilus jerae – type locality for species
  • †Spermophilus primitivus
  • †Spermophilus richardsonii
• †Spiraea
  • †Spiraea clavidens
  • †Spiraea decurrens
• †Stelocyon
  • †Stelocyon arctylos – type locality for species
• †Steneofiber
  • †Steneofiber gradatus – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Steneofiber hesperus
• †Stenoechinus
  • †Stenoechinus tantalus – type locality for species

• 

  Life restoration of the Oligocene-Miocene camel Stenomylus

  †Stenomylus
  • †Stenomylus hitchcocki – or unidentified comparable form
• Sterculia
  • †Sterculia wilcoxiana
• †Stibarus
  • †Stibarus montanus – type locality for species
• †Stilpnodon
  • †Stilpnodon simplicidens – type locality for species
• †Stygimys
  • †Stygimys camptorhiza – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Stygimys gratus
  • †Stygimys jepseni – type locality for species
  • †Stygimys kuszmauli – type locality for species

• 

  Life restoration of the Miocene deer relative Subdromomeryx. Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913).

  †Subdromomeryx
  • †Subdromomeryx antilopinus
• †Subhyracodon
  • †Subhyracodon mitis
  • †Subhyracodon occidentalis
• †Submerycochoerus
  • †Submerycochoerus bannackensis – type locality for species
• Sylvicola – or unidentified related form
  • †Sylvicola fenestralis
• Sylvilagus
  • †Sylvilagus nuttallii
• †Symplocarpus
  • †Symplocarpus prefoetidus

T

• 

  Restoration of the Paleocene multituberculate mammal Taeniolabis

  †Taeniolabis
  • †Taeniolabis lamberti – type locality for species
• †Tapocyon
  • †Tapocyon robustus
• †Tardontia
  • †Tardontia occidentale – or unidentified comparable form
• Taricha
  • †Taricha miocenica – type locality for species
• Taxodium
  • †Taxodium dubium
  • †Taxodium olriki
• †Tectochara
  • †Tectochara grambastorum

• 

  Restoration of the Miocene-Pliocene rhinoceros Teleoceras

  †Teleoceras
• †Tenudomys – tentative report
• †Tephrodytes – type locality for genus
  • †Tephrodytes brassicarvalis – type locality for species
• †Ternstroemites
  • †Ternstroemites aureavallis
• †Tetraclaenodon
  • †Tetraclaenodon puercensis
• Thomomys
  • †Thomomys taloides

  • 

    A living Thomomys talpoides, or northern pocket gopher

    †Thomomys talpoides
• †Thrinax
  • †Thrinax dorfi
• †Thryptacodon
  • †Thryptacodon australis – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Thryptacodon orthogonius – tentative report
  • †Thryptacodon pseudarctos – type locality for species
• †Thuja
  • †Thuja dimorpha
  • †Thuja interrupta
• †Thylacodon
  • †Thylacodon montanensis – type locality for species
  • †Thylacodon pusillus – or unidentified comparable form
• †Ticholeptus
  • †Ticholeptus zygomaticus
• Tilia
  • †Tilia aspera
  • †Tilia inaequalis
• †Tinuviel
  • †Tinuviel eurydice
• Tipula
  • †Tipula carolae – type locality for species
  • †Tipula rubiensis – type locality for species

• 

  Life restoration of the Paleocene pantodonts mammal Titanoides

  †Titanoides
  • †Titanoides gidleyi
• †Trapa
  • †Trapa angulata
  • †Trapa paulula
• †Tricentes
  • †Tricentes subtrigonus
• †Trigenicus
  • †Trigenicus profectus
• †Trigonias
  • †Trigonias osborni
• †Trilaccogaulus
  • †Trilaccogaulus montanensis
• †Triplopides
  • †Triplopides rieli – type locality for species
• †Triplopus
  • †Triplopus rhinocerinus – or unidentified comparable form
• †Trochodendroides
  • †Trochodendroides flabella
• †Trogolemur – tentative report
• †Tropidia
  • †Tropidia tumulata – type locality for species
• †Tullochelys
  • †Tullochelys montana
• †Tylocephalonyx
• Typha
  • †Typha lesquereuxi

U

• †Ulmeriella
  • †Ulmeriella rubiensis – type locality for species

• 

  A living Ulmus, or elm

  Ulmus
  • †Ulmus montanensis
  • †Ulmus moorei
  • †Ulmus paucidentata
  • †Ulmus rhamnifolia
  • †Ulmus speciosa
• †Unuchinia
  • †Unuchinia asaphes – type locality for species
• †Ursolestes – type locality for genus
  • †Ursolestes perpetior – type locality for species
• Ursus

V

• 

  A variety of modern Vaccinium species, clockwise from top right: cranberries, lingonberries, blueberries, and huckleberries

  †Vaccinium
  • †Vaccinium sophoroides
• †Valenopsalis
  • †Valenopsalis joyneri – type locality for species
• †Vauquelinia
  • †Vauquelinia coloradensis
  • †Vauquelinia coloradica
• †Viburnum
  • †Viburnum antiquorum
  • †Viburnum kraeuseli
• †Viguiera
  • †Viguiera cronquisti

• 

  Leaves and fruit of a living Vitis, or grapevine

  Vitis
  • †Vitis lobata
  • †Vitis muscadinioides
  • †Vitis olriki
  • †Vitis washingtonensis
• †Viverravus – tentative report

W

• †Wilsoneumys

• 

  Living Woodwardia ferns

  †Woodwardia
  • †Woodwardia arctica
• †Wortmania – or unidentified comparable form

X

• †Xyronomys

Z

• 

  Leaf of a living Zelkova tree

  Zelkova
  • †Zelkova drymeja
  • †Zelkova hesperia
  • †Zelkova krymeja
  • †Zelkova nervosa
  • †Zelkova oregoniana
  • †Zelkova planeroides
  • †Zelkova ungeri
• †Zeunerella – tentative report
  • †Zeunerella lewisi – type locality for species
• †Zygodactylus[2]
  • †Zygodactylus ochlurus – type locality for species[2]

References

1. Alexander B. Doweld (2019). "New names for Ilex and Ilexpollenites (Aquifoliaceae), extant and fossil. Notulae Systematicae ad Palaeofloram Europaeam spectantes II. Aquifoliaceae". Phytotaxa. 388 (2): 179–191. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.388.2.5.
2. Tobin L. Hieronymus; David A. Waugh; Julia A. Clarke (2019). "A new zygodactylid species indicates the persistence of stem passerines into the early Oligocene in North America". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 19 (1): Article 3. doi:10.1186/s12862-018-1319-6. PMC 6321701. PMID 30611195.

• Various Contributors to the Paleobiology Database. "Fossilworks: Gateway to the Paleobiology Database". Retrieved 17 December 2021.