List of critically endangered plants
Plant species (IUCN, 2023-1)
66,406 extant species have been evaluated
61,035 of those are fully assessed[ a]
34,588 are not threatened at present[ b]
26,276 are threatened[ c]
174 are extinct or extinct in the wild:
129 extinct (EX) species[ d]
45 extinct in the wild (EW)
569 possibly extinct [CR(PE)]
48 possibly extinct in the wild [CR(PEW)]
^ excludes data deficient evaluations.
^ NT, LR/cd, LC.
^ Threatened comprises CR, EN and VU.
^ Chart omits extinct (EX) species
Critically Endangered (CR) species face an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. As of December 2023, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists 5702 plant species categorized as Critically Endangered , including 569 which are tagged as possibly extinct and 48 possibly extinct in the wild .[ 1] [ 2]
Additionally 5371 plant species (8.1% of those evaluated) are listed as data deficient [ 3] data deficient indicates that no assessment of extinction risk has been made for the taxa, the IUCN notes that it may be appropriate to give them "the same degree of attention as threatened taxa, at least until their status can be assessed."[ 4]
This is a complete list of critically endangered plant species, subspecies and varieties evaluated by the IUCN. Species considered possibly extinct by the IUCN are marked as such.
There are 24 bryophyte species assessed as critically endangered.
There are 67 species and three varieties of pteridophyte assessed as critically endangered.
There are 54 species and three varieties in the class Polypodiopsida assessed as critically endangered.
There are 49 species and three varieties in the order Polypodiales assessed as critically endangered.
Species
Varieties
Other Polypodiales species
Other pteridophyte species
There are 81 species, five subspecies, and 13 varieties of gymnosperm assessed as critically endangered.
Species
Ceratozamia euryphyllidia Ceratozamia fuscoviridis Ceratozamia huastecorum Ceratozamia kuesteriana Ceratozamia miqueliana Ceratozamia zaragozae Ceratozamia zoquorum Cycas annaikalensis Cycas chamaoensis Cycas curranii Cycas debaoensis Cycas fugax Cycas hongheensis Cycas pachypoda Cycas szechuanensis Cycas tansachana Cycas wadei Cycas zambalensis Encephalartos aemulans Encephalartos cerinus Encephalartos cupidus Encephalartos dolomiticus Encephalartos dyerianus Encephalartos equatorialis Encephalartos heenanii Encephalartos hirsutus Encephalartos inopinus Encephalartos kanga Encephalartos laevifolius Encephalartos latifrons Encephalartos middelburgensis Encephalartos msinganus Encephalartos pterogonus Encephalartos sclavoi Encephalartos whitelockii Microcycas calocoma Zamia disodon Zamia gentryi Zamia grijalvensis Zamia hymenophyllidia Zamia inermis Zamia katzeriana Zamia macrochiera Zamia montana Zamia monticola Zamia prasina Zamia purpurea Zamia pygmaea Zamia restrepoi Zamia spartea Zamia urep Zamia vazquezii Zamia wallisii
Subspecies
Species
Abies beshanzuensis Abies nebrodensis Abies numidica Abies yuanbaoshanensis Acmopyle sahniana Agathis montana Araucaria angustifolia Araucaria nemorosa Dacrydium guillauminii Glyptostrobus pensilis Juniperus bermudiana Juniperus saxicola Libocedrus chevalieri Pherosphaera fitzgeraldii Picea koyamae Picea neoveitchii Pinus cernua Pinus squamata Pinus torreyana Podocarpus costaricensis Podocarpus decumbens Podocarpus palawanensis Podocarpus perrieri Podocarpus urbanii Taxus floridana Torreya taxifolia Widdringtonia cedarbergensis Widdringtonia whytei Wollemia nobilis
Subspecies
Varieties
There are 1895 species, 78 subspecies, and 49 varieties of dicotyledon assessed as critically endangered.
Species
Varieties
There are 62 species and 12 subspecies in Campanulales assessed as critically endangered.
Species
Brighamia insignis Brighamia rockii Burmeistera asplundii Burmeistera rubrosepala Campanula aghrica Campanula kantschavelii Campanula lazica Campanula seraglio Campanula troegerae Centropogon albostellatus Centropogon brachysiphoniatus Centropogon cazaletii Centropogon pilalensis Centropogon solisii Centropogon uncinatus Clermontia peleana Clermontia pyrularia Cyanea acuminata Cyanea asarifolia Cyanea asplenifolia Cyanea calycina Cyanea crispa Cyanea dunbariae Cyanea gibsonii Cyanea glabra Cyanea grimesiana Cyanea hamatiflora Cyanea horrida Cyanea humboldtiana Cyanea kolekoleensis Cyanea konahuanuiensis Cyanea kuhihewa Cyanea lobata Cyanea longiflora Cyanea magnicalyx Cyanea mannii Cyanea marksii Cyanea mceldowneyi Cyanea platyphylla Cyanea procera Cyanea remyi Cyanea rivularis Cyanea shipmanii Cyanea stictophylla Cyanea st.-johnii Cyanea truncata Cyanea undulata Delissea kauaiensis Delissea rhytidosperma Delissea takeuchii Delissea waianaeensis Lobelia gaudichaudii Lobelia koolauensis Lobelia monostachya Lobelia oahuensis Muehlbergella oweriniana Sclerotheca viridiflora Siphocampylus loxensis Siphocampylus uncipes Trematolobelia singularis Wahlenbergia linifolia Wahlenbergia malaissei
Subspecies
There are 295 species and 23 subspecies in Theales assessed as critically endangered.
Species
Subspecies
Other Theales species
Species
Subspecies
Varieties
Species
Subspecies
Species
Subspecies
Species
Varieties
Family Proteaceae - 103 species
Family Sabiaceae - 5 species
Species
Subspecies
Varieties
Species
Subspecies
There are 74 species, two subspecies, and ten varieties in Euphorbiales assessed as critically endangered.
Species
Subspecies
Varieties
There are 40 species in the order Laurales assessed as critically endangered.
Species
Subspecies
There are 46 species in Ebenales assessed as critically endangered.
There are 29 species and two subspecies in the order Celastrales assessed as critically endangered.
Species
Subspecies
There are 97 species and five varieties in the order Myrtales assessed as critically endangered.
Species
Varieties
Species
Varieties
There are 70 species, three subspecies, and five varieties in the order Sapindales assessed as critically endangered.
Species
Subspecies
Varieties
Species
Varieties
Species
Varieties
Species
Subspecies
Species
Achyrocline glandulosa Achyrocline mollis Aetheolaena hypoleuca Aetheolaena ledifolia Aetheolaena pichinchensis Andryala crithmifolia Anisopappus burundiensis Anthemis glaberrima Argyranthemum winteri Argyroxiphium kauense Artemisia insipida Artemisia kauaiensis Aster quitensis Baccharis aretioides Baccharis fusca Bidens simplicifolia Bidens wiebkei Bothriocline auriculata Cadiscus aquaticus Calendula maritima Centaurea akamantis Centaurea caroli-henrici Centaurea corensis Centaurea demirizii Centaurea drabifolioides Centaurea heldreichii Centaurea leptophylla Centaurea tamanianiae Centaurea vavilovii Centaurodendron dracaenoides Centaurodendron palmiforme Cheirolophus crassifolius Cheirolophus duranii Cheirolophus metlesicsii Cheirolophus santos-abreui Cirsium davisianum Cirsium eliasianum Commidendrum robustum Commidendrum rotundifolium Commidendrum spurium Cotula myriophylloides Cylindrocline commersonii Dasphyllum lehmannii Dendroseris berteroana Dendroseris gigantea Dendroseris litoralis Dendroseris macrantha Dendroseris macrophylla Dendroseris marginata Dendroseris micrantha Dendroseris neriifolia Dendroseris pinnata Dendroseris pruinata Dendroseris regia Dicoma pretoriensis Dubautia herbstobatae Dubautia kalalauensis Dubautia kenwoodii Dubautia latifolia Dubautia pauciflorula Egletes humifusa Elaphandra retroflexa Erigeron adscendens Faujasiopsis reticulata Fitchia cordata Gazania thermalis Gnaphalium sodiroi Gutenbergia pubescens Helichrysum artvinense Helichrysum melitense Hesperomannia arborescens Hesperomannia arbuscula Hesperomannia lydgatei Hieracium debile Hieracium lucidum Hypochaeris oligocephala Jacobaea trapezuntina Jurinea akinfievii Jurinea fontqueri Lamyropsis microcephala Melanthera fauriei Melanthera kamolensis Melanthera micrantha Melanthera tenuifolia Melanthera waimeaensis Mikania andrei Mikania iserniana Mikania jamesonii Mikania seemannii Mikania stereolepis Mikania tafallana Monactis dubia Monarrhenus salicifolius Onopordum carduelium Onopordum nogalesii Pericallis hadrosoma Pericallis malvifolia Pladaroxylon leucadendron Podospermum grossheimii Podospermum idae Psephellus adjaricus Psephellus avaricus Psephellus gracillimus Psiadia cataractae Pulicaria filaginoides Remya montgomeryi Saussurea costus Scalesia atractyloides Scalesia divisa Scalesia gordilloi Scorzonera ketzkhovelii Scorzonera kozlowskyi Senecio alboranicus Senecio lamarckianus Senecio navugabensis Sonchus araraticus Sonchus erzincanicus Sonchus gandogeri Talamancalia putcalensis , synonym of Lomanthus putcalensis Tanacetum oshanahanii Tanacetum oxystegium Tetramolopium rockii Tragopogon makaschwilii Tragopogon otschiaurii Verbesina caymanensis Viguiera media Wedelia oxylepis Wilkesia hobdyi
Subspecies
Varieties
There are 63 species and three subspecies in the order Magnoliales assessed as critically endangered.
Species
Subspecies
Species
Subspecies
There are 30 species and one variety in Capparales assessed as critically endangered.
Species
Varieties
There are 51 species and two varieties in the order Apiales assessed as critically endangered.
Species
Varieties
There are 41 species, two subspecies, and one variety in the order Gentianales assessed as critically endangered.
Species
Varieties
Species
Subspecies
There are 48 species, two subspecies, and one variety in the order Rosales assessed as critically endangered.
Species
Bencomia brachystachya Bencomia sphaerocarpa Cercocarpus traskiae Crataegus darvasica Crataegus knorringiana Crataegus necopinata Crataegus turcicus Pentactina rupicola Potentilla seidlitziana Prunus ernestii Pyrus browiczii Pyrus gergerana Pyrus korshinskyi Pyrus magyarica Pyrus tadshikistanica Pyrus voronovii Rosa dolichocarpa Rubus takhtadjanii Sibiraea tianschanica Sorbus decipiens Sorbus leptophylla Sorbus leyana Sorbus maderensis Sorbus parumlobata Sorbus wilmottiana
Subspecies
Other Rosales
Species
Varieties
There are 28 species and one variety in Primulales assessed as critically endangered.
Species
Varieties
Species
Varieties
Species
Varieties
Species
Varieties
There are 75 species, two subspecies, and one variety in the order Scrophulariales assessed as critically endangered.
Species
Subspecies
Varieties
Other Scrophulariales species
There are 64 species and three varieties in the order Lamiales assessed as critically endangered.
Species
Varieties
Species
Subspecies
Species
Varieties
Species
Acacia anegadensis Acacia belairioides Acacia mathuataensis Acacia roigii Aeschynomene ruspoliana Albizia vaughanii Alistilus magnificus Ammopiptanthus nanus Amorpha crenulata Anthonotha leptorrhachis Astragalus acmophylloides Astragalus bylowae Astragalus cavanillesii Astragalus daghestanicus Astragalus eliasianus Astragalus igniarius Astragalus longivexillatus Astragalus magnificus Astragalus maritimus Astragalus nigrocalycinus Astragalus olurensis Astragalus schachbuzensis Astragalus schmolliae Astragalus sinuatus Astragalus tatlii Astragalus trabzonicus Astragalus tremolsianus Astragalus verrucosus Bauhinia seminarioi Brachystegia oblonga Browneopsis macrofoliolata Cadia rubra Caesalpinia kavaiensis Callerya neocaledonica Canavalia favieri Canavalia molokaiensis Canavalia napaliensis Canavalia pubescens Canavalia veillonii Chamaecrista seticrenata Chamaecrista souzana Chloroleucon tortum Chordospartium muritai Clitoria andrei Coursetia cajamarcana Crudia bibundina Cynometra falcata Cynometra filifera Cynometra gillmanii Cytisus aeolicus Dalbergia intibucana Dalea sabinalis Delonix tomentosa Dialium travancoricum Dimorphandra wilsonii Eligmocarpus cynometroides Eriosema adamaouense Erythrina perrieri Erythrina schliebenii Erythrina tahitensis Gleditsia vestita Gymnocladus assamicus Hymenostegia talbotii Indigofera ankaratrensis Indigofera suarezensis Inga enterolobioides Kanaloa kahoolawensis Kennedia retrorsa Lathyrus belinensis Lonchocarpus molinae Lonchocarpus phaseolifolius Lonchocarpus sanctuarii Lonchocarpus trifolius Lonchocarpus yoroensis Lotus armeniacus Lotus benoistii Lotus eremiticus Lotus kunkelii Lotus maculatus Lotus pyranthus Medicago citrina Microberlinia bisulcata Mimosa kitrokala Mimosa mensicola Mimosa morongii Monopetalanthus hedinii Neoharmsia baronii Newtonia camerunensis Ormocarpopsis itremoensis Orphanodendron bernalii Ostryocarpus zenkerianus Parkia parrii Parkinsonia peruviana Phaseolus lignosus Phaseolus rimbachii Phylloxylon arenicola Phylloxylon phillipsonii Phylloxylon xiphoclada Plagiosiphon longitubus Platymiscium albertinae Platysepalum scaberulum Rhynchosia ledermannii Serianthes nelsonii Serianthes rurutensis Sophora rubriflora Swartzia oraria Talbotiella gentii Teline nervosa Teline salsoloides Thermopsis turcica Trifolium bobrovii Trifolium gillettianum Vicia bifoliolata Vicia costae Vicia erzurumica Vicia ferreirensis Vicia fulgens Vicia menziesii Vicia quadrijuga Vouacapoua americana Zornia vaughaniana
Subspecies
Varieties
There are 145 species, two subspecies, and one variety in the order Caryophyllales assessed as critically endangered.
Species
Subspecies
Species
Subspecies
Other Caryophyllales
Species
Varieties
Species
Subspecies
Other dicotyledons
Species
Varieties
There are 421 species, six subspecies, and five varieties of monocotyledon assessed as critically endangered.
Species
Varieties
There are 167 species and one subspecies in Orchidales assessed as critically endangered.
Species
Aeranthes albidiflora Aeranthes leandriana Aeranthes multinodis Amesiella monticola Anathallis kleinii Angraecum mahavavense Angraecum muscicolum Angraecum palmicolum Angraecum perhumile Angraecum peyrotii Angraecum pinifolium Angraecum potamophilum Angraecum rigidifolium Angraecum rubellum Angraecum serpens Angraecum sterrophyllum Anguloa cliftonii Ascoglossum calopterum Benthamia dauphinensis Benthamia nigro-vaginata Brachionidium pteroglossum Bulbophyllum ceriodorum Bulbophyllum erythroglossum Bulbophyllum filiforme Bulbophyllum hirsutiusculum Bulbophyllum kupense Bulbophyllum minax Bulbophyllum moratii Bulbophyllum sanguineum Bulbophyllum tampoketsense Bulbophyllum zaratananae Ceratocentron fesselii Corybas dienemus Cryptopus dissectus Cyclopogon werffii Cynorkis ambondrombensis Cynorkis bimaculata Cynorkis catatii Cynorkis formosa Cynorkis globifera Cynorkis henrici Cynorkis humbertii Cynorkis monadenia Cynorkis muscicola Cynorkis pinguicularioides Cynorkis pseudorolfei Cynorkis rolfei Cynorkis sacculata Cynorkis sagittata Cynorkis schlechterii Cynorkis souegesii Cynorkis sylvatica Cynorkis tristis Cynorkis usambarae Cypripedium daweishanense Cypripedium froschii Cypripedium malipoense Cypripedium segawae Cypripedium taibaiense Cypripedium wumengense Dendrobium huoshanense Dendrobium officinale Dendrobium schuetzei Dendrophylax fawcettii Diaphananthe orientalis Diplandrorchis sinica Disperis bosseri Disperis ciliata Disperis egregia Diuris byronensis Encyclia kingsii Epidendrum montserratense Eulophia grandidieri Eulophia mangenotiana Gastrochilus calceolaris Gastrodia africana Gastrodia zeylanica Genyorchis platybulbon Goodyera flaccida Goodyera macrophylla Goodyera perrieri Grammangis spectabilis Grandiphyllum schunkeanum Graphorkis medemiae Habenaria maitlandii Hexalectris revoluta Holopogon gaudissartii Liparis goodyeroides Malaxis bayardii Masdevallia apparitio Mexipedium xerophyticum Mystacidium nguruense Ossiculum aurantiacum Paphiopedilum adductum Paphiopedilum bougainvilleanum Paphiopedilum canhii Paphiopedilum cornuatum Paphiopedilum dayanum Paphiopedilum delenatii Paphiopedilum druryi Paphiopedilum emersonii Paphiopedilum exul Paphiopedilum fairrieanum Paphiopedilum fowliei Paphiopedilum gigantifolium Paphiopedilum gratrixianum Paphiopedilum guangdongense Paphiopedilum hangianum Paphiopedilum helenae Paphiopedilum henryanum Paphiopedilum inamorii Paphiopedilum intaniae Paphiopedilum kolopakingii Paphiopedilum lawrenceanum Paphiopedilum liemianum Paphiopedilum micranthum Paphiopedilum ooii Paphiopedilum parnatanum Paphiopedilum platyphyllum Paphiopedilum primulinum Paphiopedilum purpuratum Paphiopedilum qingyongii Paphiopedilum rothschildianum Paphiopedilum sanderianum Paphiopedilum sangii Paphiopedilum schoseri Paphiopedilum stonei Paphiopedilum sugiyamanum Paphiopedilum sukhakulii Paphiopedilum supardii Paphiopedilum thaianum Paphiopedilum tranlienianum Paphiopedilum urbanianum Paphiopedilum victoria-mariae Paphiopedilum victoria-regina Paphiopedilum vietnamense Paphiopedilum wenshanense Paphiopedilum wentworthianum Peristylus holochila Phalaenopsis hainanensis Phalaenopsis micholitzii Phragmipedium andreettae Phragmipedium anguloi Phragmipedium christiansenianum Phragmipedium dalessandroi Phragmipedium exstaminodium Phragmipedium fischeri Phragmipedium kovachii Phragmipedium manzurii Phragmipedium richteri Phragmipedium tetzlaffianum Polystachya acuminata Polystachya canaliculata Polystachya kupensis Polystachya porphyrochila Polystachya rugosilabia Polystachya victoriae Prasophyllum favonium Selenipedium chironianum Selenipedium vanillocarpum Serapias stenopetala Tridactyle sarcodantha Zeuxine rolfeana
Subspecies
Species
Allium baytopiorum Allium corsicum Allium czelghauricum Aloe boscawenii Aloe brunneostriata Aloe classenii Aloe dorotheae Aloe flexilifolia Aloe ghibensis Aloe helenae Aloe jucunda Aloe leptosiphon Aloe molederana Aloe pembana Aloe suzannae Aloidendron pillansii Aloe pillansii ), Bastard quiver treeAstelia waialealae Bomarea angustifolia Bomarea goniocaulon Bomarea graminifolia Bomarea hartwegii Bomarea longipes Borderea chouardii Brimeura duvigneaudii Chlorophytum borivilianum Chlorophytum petrophilum Chlorophytum rhizopendulum Colchicum greuteri Colchicum leptanthum Crinum malabaricum Dioscorea strydomiana Fritillaria grandiflora Gagea antakiensis Galanthus trojanus Iris antilibanotica Iris atropurpurea Iris boissieri Iris cedreti Iris damascena Iris nusairiensis Lilium polyphyllum Mastigostyla orurensis Ornithogalum gabrielianiae Romulea antiatlantica Scilla morrisii Tulipa gumusanica
Subspecies
Species
Subspecies
There are 37 species, two subspecies, and two varieties in Cyperales assessed as critically endangered.
Species
Subspecies
Varieties
Species
Varieties
Other monocotyledons
Species
Subspecies
See also
References
