HLA-A26

HLA-A26
(MHC Class I, A cell surface antigen)
HLA-A26
About
Protein	transmembrane receptor/ligand
Structure	αβ heterodimer
Subunits	HLA-A*2601, β2-microglobulin
Older names	A10
Subtypes
Subtype allele Available structures A26.1 *2601 {{{cNick2}}} *26{{{cAllele2}}} {{{cNick3}}} *26{{{cAllele3}}} {{{cNick4}}} *26{{{cAllele4}}}
Rare alleles
Subtype allele Available structures A26.2 *2602 A26.4 *2603 - *2605
Alleles link-out to IMGT/HLA database at EBI

HLA-A26 (A26) is a human leukocyte antigen serotype within HLA-A serotype group. The serotype is determined by the antibody recognition of α^26 subset of HLA-A α-chains. For A26, the alpha "A" chain are encoded by the HLA-A*26 allele group and the β-chain are encoded by B2M locus.[1] This group currently is dominated by A*2601. A26 and A*26 are almost synonymous in meaning. A26 is a split antigen of the broad antigen serotype A10. A26 is a sister serotype of A25, A34, A43, and A66.

Further information: History and naming of human leukocyte antigens

A26 is more common in West Pacific Rim (Taiwan to Hokkaido).

Serotype

A26 recognition of some HLA A*26 gene products[2]

A*26	A26	A10	Sample
allele	%	%	size (N)
*2601	97	2	1730
*2602	81	0	31
*2603	68	8	38
*2605	90	0	10

A26 reasonably good serotyping with no overt false recognition..

Distribution

HLA A*2601 frequencies

Study population	Freq.  (in %)[3]
Taiwan Taroko	21.8
Taiwan Bunun	19.3
Japan Ainu Hokkaido	17.0
Taiwan Rukai	14.0
USA Hawaii Okinawa	12.4
Georgia Tbilisi Kurds	11.7
Pakistan Baloch	10.3
Oman	10.2
Pakistan Burusho	9.8
Pakistan Karachi Parsi	8.3
China Beijing	8.2
Pakistan Sindhi	8.2
Japan Central	8.1
Pakistan Brahui	8.0
Taiwan Atayal	8.0
India New Delhi	7.6
Bulgaria	7.3
PNG New Britain Rabaul	7.3
Taiwan Hakka	6.4
Georgia Svaneti Svans	6.3
Pakistan Pathan	6.1
American Samoa	6.0
South Korea (3)	6.0
Israel Arab Druse	5.5
Croatia	5.3
Taiwan Saisiat	4.9
Taiwan Tsou	4.9
Cape Verde Northwestern I…	4.8
China Tibetan	4.7
China Qinghai Hui	4.5
Iran Baloch	4.5
Russia Tuva (2)	4.5
France South East	4.3
Portugal North	4.3
Senegal Niokholo Mandenka	4.3
USA Caucasian (2)	4.2
India Andhra Pradesh Goll…	4.0
Taiwan Paiwan	3.9
USA Hispanic	3.9
Romanian	3.8
Jordan Amman	3.5
Saudi Arabia Guraiat and …	3.5
China Inner Mongolia	3.4
Georgia Tbilisi Georgian…	3.3
USA Asian	3.2
Guinea Bissau	3.1
Ireland South	3.0
Singapore Javanese Indone…	3.0
Taiwan Puyuma	3.0
Czech Republic	2.8
Taiwan Pazeh	2.7
Brazil	2.5
PNG Madang	2.5
Mexico Guadalajara Mestiz…	2.4
Mexico Mestizos	2.4
Singapore Chinese Han	2.3
Australia New South Wales	2.2
China Yunnan Lisu	2.2
Burkina Faso Rimaibe	2.1
Cameroon Beti	2.0
China Guangzhou	2.0
Portugal South	2.0
Singapore Riau Malay	2.0
South Africa Natal Tamil	2.0
Taiwan Siraya	2.0
USA African Americans (2)	2.0
India North Hindus	1.9
Ireland Northern	1.8
Sudanese	1.8
Cameroon Yaounde	1.7
India North Delhi	1.7
Pakistan Kalash	1.7
Taiwan Thao	1.7
China South Han	1.6
USA North American Native…	1.6
Zimbabwe Harare Shona	1.6
Uganda Kampala	1.5
Mongolia Buriat	1.4
Thailand	1.4
New Caledonia	1.2
Zambia Lusaka	1.2
Finland	1.1
Ch. Guangdong Meizhou H…	1.0
Allele frequencies presented, only

HLA A*2602 frequencies

Study population	Freq.  (in %)[3]
Japan Central	2.3
USA North American Native…	1.6
Japan (5)	1.3
Japan Okinawa Ryukyuan	1.1
Pakistan Brahui	0.6
South Korea (3)	0.6
USA San Antonio Caucasian…	0.6
Azores Terceira Island	0.4
USA Asian	0.4
Beijing Shijiazhuang Tian…	0.1
Allele frequencies presented, only

HLA A*2603 frequencies

Study population	Freq.  (in %)[3]
USA Hawaii Okinawa	8.6
Japan Okinawa Ryukyuan	2.8
Japan Central	2.4
Japan Ainu Hokkaido	2.0
Japan (5)	1.3
India North Delhi	1.1
South Korea (3)	1.0
Spain Basque Gipuzkoa Pro…	0.5
China Tibetan	0.3
Romanian	0.3
USA African Americans pop…	0.3
Allele frequencies presented, only

Disease associations

A26 Serotype is associated with adult T-cell leukemia in Japanese.[4][5]

References

1. Arce-Gomez B, Jones EA, Barnstable CJ, Solomon E, Bodmer WF (February 1978). "The genetic control of HLA-A and B antigens in somatic cell hybrids: requirement for beta2 microglobulin". Tissue Antigens. 11 (2): 96–112. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1978.tb01233.x. PMID 77067.
2. Allele Query Form IMGT/HLA - European Bioinformatics Institute
3. Middleton, D.; Menchaca, L.; Rood, H.; Komerofsky, R. (2003). "New allele frequency database: http://www.allelefrequencies.net". Tissue Antigens. 61 (5): 403–407. doi:10.1034/j.1399-0039.2003.00062.x. PMID 12753660.
4. Nomura K, Utsunomiya A, Furushou H, Tara M, Hazeki M, Tokunaga M, Uozumi K, Hanada S, Yashiki S, Tajima K, Sonoda S (2006). "A family predisposition to adult T-cell leukemia". J Clin Exp Hematop. 46 (2): 67–71. doi:10.3960/jslrt.46.67. PMID 17142956.
5. Yashiki S, Fujiyoshi T, Arima N, Osame M, Yoshinaga M, Nagata Y, Tara M, Nomura K, Utsunomiya A, Hanada S, Tajima K, Sonoda S (2001). "HLA-A*26, HLA-B*4002, HLA-B*4006, and HLA-B*4801 alleles predispose to adult T cell leukemia: the limited recognition of HTLV type 1 tax peptide anchor motifs and epitopes to generate anti-HTLV type 1 tax CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes". AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 17 (11): 1047–61. doi:10.1089/088922201300343735. PMID 11485622.