Gunadasa Kapuge

Gunadasa Kapuge
ගුණදාස කපුගේ
Gunadasa Kapuge ; ගුණදාස කපුගේ
Born	Ellamulla Kapuge Gunadasa; August 7, 1945; Elpitiya, Sri Lanka
Died	April 3, 2003 (aged 57); Colombo, Sri Lanka
Nationality	Sri Lankan
Education	Eeramulla Junior College; Karandeniya Central College; Nagoda Vidyalaya, Galle; Dharmasoka College
Alma mater	Haywood School of Music; Bhatkhande Music Institute
Occupation(s)	Singer, composer, playback singer
Spouse	Prema Vithanage (m.1978)
Children	3 including Mithra Kapuge ,Ridma Kapuge
Parents	Ellalamulla Kapuge Francis (father); Dona Alice Nona Siribaddana (mother);
Relatives	Premawardhana Kapuge (brother)
	Musical career
Genres	Pop; soul; rhythm and blues; Country music;
Instrument(s)	Vocals, Tabla, Sitar
Years active	1963–2003
Labels	Ransilu; Torana; Tharanga;
Signature

Ellamulla Kapuge Gunadasa (Sinhala: ගුණදාස කපුගේ; 7 August 1945–3 April 2003)^[2]^[3] popularly known as Gunadasa Kapuge, was a Sri Lankan singer, musician, music director and playback singer.^[4] He was well known among Sri Lankans due to the philosophical background of his music renditions and lyrics selected for his work.^[5]

Personal life

Kapuge was born on August 7, 1945, in the tiny village of Thanabaddegama in Elpitiya.^[5] His father was Ellalamulla Kapuge Francis and mother was Dona Alice Nona Siribaddana.^[6] Being the second of eight siblings, he attended Karandeniya Central College up to grade five and the latter part at Dharmasoka College in Ambalangoda, where he initially studied science before switching to music.^[7] His brother, Premawardhana Kapuge is also a singer.^[8]

He married Prema Vithanage,, in 1978.^[2] The couple had one son: Mithra, and two daughters: Ridhma and Sajani. His son Mithra Kapuge, and his brother, Premawardhana Kapuge sing his songs to continue his legacy.^[9]^[10]

Music career

In 1963, he left Haywood college of music (presently known as University of the Visual and Performing Arts), where he was studying at that time, to follow a degree course in India. In late 1960, Kapuge joined the Sri Lanka Broadcasting Corporation and in 1969, he worked as an operational assistant and in 1975 started out as a program producer.^[5]

Kapuge's initial release was titled "Daesa Nilupul Thema" in 1973, which he sung for a cultural program was aired on SLBC. It later became an instant hit and made his mark in the career.^[5] After which, Kapuge was quoted as a 'Grade A' vocalist by the Radio Ceylon. Thus the three decade long music career of Visharada Kapuge began. He appeared as a film background singer as well as a music director and stage play music director.^[11] The first stage drama for which he provided background music was "Thuranga Sanniya" by Sugathapala De Silva.^[12] Since then he provided background music for the highly popular musical "Tharawo Igilethi" by Lucien Bulathsinhala and several others. His first movie background music gig was for Stanley Perera's "Sandha."^[13]

In 1973 following his marriage, he lost his job due to political revenge. He was invited to an international youth conference in Havana, Cuba, applied for a leave of absence from the Sri Lanka Broadcasting Corporation, but his request was rejected for political reasons.^[14] However, Kapuge decided to attend the Youth Conference in Havana on July 22, 1978. On his return to Sri Lanka after attending the summit, the SLBC officials delivered a letter to Kapuge at the Bandaranaike International Airport stating that he has left the service. Although he regained his job in 1979, he was arrested the same year on charges of insulting the then Prime Minister Ranasinghe Premadasa. But Kapuge was able to be released during the investigation into the allegations.^[13] He is again expelled from the Sri Lanka Broadcasting Corporation. Although he was re-employed with the intervention of the then Chairman of the SLBC, Eman Kariyakarawana, Kapuge was transferred to the Rajarata Service of the Sri Lanka Broadcasting Corporation.^[15] In 1981, Kapuge served as the Head of the Music Division of the Rajarata Service and later as the Head of the Rajarata Service. During the 88/89 riots, he did not change his attitude, where he was sent on compulsory leave from Rajarata Sevaya on January 29, 1990.^[13]^[16]

Meanwhile, in 1980, Kapuge released his first music compact cassette titled "Dhampatin Laa Sandha" featuring Malani Bulathsinhala.^[7] Kapuge staged a one-man musical show titled "Kampana" first staged at Lumbini theatre on August 25, 1990, and also released a cassette and CD with the same title. The show was a historical advent of the Sinhala music industry.^[17] In a short span of two years, Kapuge performed nearly a thousand "Kampana" shows across the country, and in some cases had to extend the two hour concert to three hours at the request of the audience. He also made popular top selling cassettes such as "Seethala Sanda Eliye" (1981), "Unmada Sithuvam" (1983), "Piya Satahan" (1990), "Irabatu Tharu" (1999) and "Sanda Ra Sihinaye" (2000).^[7] Some of his songs carried meaningful messages to the listeners: specially the song "Bimbarak Senaga Gevasuna" talks about the uprising of Uve Wellassa riot against the British. Then his song "Uthuru Kone Nuba Hinahen" aimed at bringing harmony between Tamil people living in the North with Sinhalese people living in the South of the island.^[15]^[18]

He sang three songs using the same melody: The first song is "Sondura Numba Lihiniyaka" composed by Ratna Sri Wijesinghe. Based on a similar melody, the song "Sabada Api Kandu Nowemu" was composed by Dharshana Medis. Meanwhile, the melody of the song composed by the poet Abeysinghe, "Rathriya Mama Wemi" is similar to the above melody.^[19]

As a playback singer, he first involved in the film Ektam Geya for which he sang the song "Unmadha Situwam". Then he contributed for the films Bawa Duka and Bawa Karma both directed by Dharmasiri Bandaranayake. He also sang the song "Kiyanga Magiya" for Milton Jayawardane's film Bithu Sithuwam. Meanwhile, he made vocals and provided his first theater background music for Sugathapala de Silva's play Thuranga Sanniya. Later he involved with many popular stage plays, such as: Paraputuwo, Nandi Visala, Tharavo Igilethi, Sira Kandawuru and Sath Saha Satha.^[15]

Death

On returning from a tour at Dubai, United Arab Emirates, Kapuge had a fall at the Bandaranaike International Airport whilst disembarking from a shuttle bus.^[5] He sustained injuries on the back of his head. He was taken to the medical center at the airport at around 4.30 AM where he was given saline. After initial treatment, he was to be taken to the Colombo National Hospital. However, there was no male nurse available to assist. Kapuge later died on 3 April 2003 at Colombo National Hospital at the age of 57.^[3]

Legacy

On 7 August 2019, Kapuge Birthday commemoration was held by the Gunadasa Kapuge Foundation for the 13th consecutive year. During the ceremony, a blood donation camp was also held. On 11 September 2015, a lyrical tribute performance titled "Kapugeta Haththawai" by his son Mithra Kapuge was presented by Kapuge Memorial Foundation was commenced at 6.00 pm at the Bandaranaike International Conference Hall.^[9]

Discography

Music cassettes

1980 - Dampatin La Sanda Basa Yanawa
1981 - Seethala Sanda Eliye
1983 - Unmada Sithuwam
1983 - Mawathe Geethaya
1990 - Kampana
1990 - Piya Satahan
1995 - Mirivedi Sangalalak
1998 - Sunflower (1,2,3)
1999 - Irabatu Taruwa
2000 - Sanda Ree Sihine
2000 - Nesena Gee Rasa (1,2)

Stage Plays

Thuranga Sanniya
Paraputuwo
Nandi Visala
Tharavo Igilethi
Sira Kandawuru
Sath Saha Satha
Sasara Sevanel
Kampana

Tele dramas

Gigiri Walalu
Ayammawaru
Randoli
Dolospaya
Sira Kandawuru
Parameedam
Sasara Sevaneli
Rail Peeli Sanda Maddahana
Sanda

Filmography

Year	Film	Roles
1978	Madol Duwa	Music Crew
1978	Kundala Keshi	Playback Singer
1980	Ektam Ge	Playback Singer
1980	Karumakkarayo	Playback Singer
1982	Sanda	Composer
1982	Major Sir	Playback Singer
1983	Chuttey	Composer
1983	Rathu Makara	Composer
1983	Chandira	Playback Singer
1983	Pasa Mithuro	Playback Singer
1984	Kiri Kavadi	Playback Singer
1984	Maala Giravi	Composer, Playback Singer
1984	Madduma Bandara	Composer
1985	Puthuni Mata Samawanna	Composer
1986	Asipatha Mamai	Playback Singer
1994	Ambu Samiyo	Playback Singer
1996	Bithu Sithuwam	Musical director
1997	Bawa Duka	Composer
1998	Bawa Karma	Composer
1997	Visidela	Playback Singer
2001	Daru Upatha	Musical director
2005	Alu Yata Gini	Playback Singer