Executive Order 14160

Executive Order 14160

"Protecting the Meaning and Value of American Citizenship"
Type	Executive order
Executive Order number	14160
Signed by	Donald Trump on January 20, 2025
Federal Register details
Federal Register document number	2025-02007
Publication date	January 29, 2025

Executive Order 14160, entitled "Protecting the Meaning and Value of American Citizenship" was signed by Donald Trump, the 47th president of the United States, on January 20, 2025.[1] The executive order aims to challenge the previously prevailing interpretation of the Citizenship Clause of the 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution, in order to end birthright citizenship in the United States for children of unauthorized immigrants as well as immigrants legally but temporarily present in the U.S., such as those on student, work, or tourist visas.

Provisions

Trump's executive order redefines the Fourteenth Amendment's clause "and subject to the jurisdiction thereof."[2]

The executive order states two different situations where a person is no longer a U.S. citizen at birth.[3]

• When the mother was unlawfully present in the U.S. and the father was neither a U.S. citizen nor a lawful permanent resident when the person was born.[3]
• When the mother was in the U.S. in temporary status, such as a student visa, work visa, tourist visa or under the Visa Waiver Program, and the father was neither a U.S. citizen nor a lawful permanent resident when the person was born.[3]

The executive order states that these provisions are only effective for people born 30 days or more after the date of the order, so it would only apply to children born beginning February 19, 2025.[3]

Legal challenges

Main article: State of Washington v. Trump (2025)

The executive order was immediately challenged in court by the American Civil Liberties Union and the Asian Law Caucus in the case New Hampshire Indonesian Community Support v. Donald J. Trump.[4] On January 21, a lawsuit challenging the order was filed in the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts by eighteen state attorneys general.[5] A second lawsuit, filed by another four states, was filed in the United States District Court for the Western District of Washington.[5] A third lawsuit was filed in a Maryland federal court by immigrant and asylum-seeker rights groups on behalf of five pregnant women.[6][7]

On January 23, Judge John C. Coughenour of the Western District of Washington issued a temporary block on the order, calling it "blatantly unconstitutional."[8][9]

See also

• List of executive orders in the second presidency of Donald Trump

References

1. The executive order will later be assigned a number in the Federal Register and it will then be possible to reference it by number.
2. Miroff, Nick; Sacchetti, Maria (January 20, 2025). "Trump executive order will attempt to end birthright citizenship". The Washington Post. Retrieved January 20, 2025.
3. "Protecting the Meaning and Value of American Citizenship". The White House. January 20, 2025.
4. "Immigrants' Rights Advocates Sue Trump Administration Over Birthright Citizenship Executive Order". ACLU. January 20, 2025. Retrieved January 21, 2025.
5. Schwartz, Matthias (January 21, 2025). "22 States Sue to Stop Trump's Birthright Citizenship Order". The New York Times. Retrieved January 21, 2025.
6. Valera, Dennis (January 22, 2025). "Immigrant groups file lawsuit in Maryland over Trump's order on birthright citizenship". CBS News. Retrieved January 23, 2025.
7. "Complaint" (PDF). Asylum Seeker Advocacy Project. Retrieved January 23, 2025.
8. Catalini, Mike (January 23, 2025). "A federal judge temporarily blocks Trump's executive order ending birthright citizenship". Associated Press. Retrieved January 23, 2025.
9. Baker, Mike; Schwartz, Mattahias (January 23, 2025). "Judge Blocks Trump's Effort to Restrict Birthright Citizenship". The New York Times. Retrieved January 23, 2025.

External links

• Full text of the executive order via whitehouse.gov