Alexander LyudskanovAleksandăr Lûdskanov (family name sometimes also transliterated as Lyutskanov) (Bulgarian: Александър Люцканов) (Sofia, 21 April 1926 – 1976) was a Bulgarian translator, semiotician, mathematician, and expert on machine translation.[1] Ludskanov's work focused on linking translation and semiotics by defining the key component of translation as semiotic transfer, which he defined as replacing the signs that encode a message with signs from another code while doing the utmost to maintain "invariant information with respect to a given system of reference."[2] In 1975, Ludskanov published an article called "A semiotic approach to the theory of translation" that argued that semiotics "does not provide the concept of semiotic transformation, though such transformations certainly exist."[1] References
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