* ''Unordered lists'' are easy to do:
** Start every line with a star.
*** More stars indicate a deeper level.
**: Previous item continues.
** A new line
* in a list
marks the end of the list.
* Of course you can start again.
Numbered lists are:
Very organized
Easy to follow
Previous item continues
A new line marks the end of the list.
New numbering starts with 1.
# ''Numbered lists'' are:
## Very organized
## Easy to follow
#: Previous item continues
A new line marks the end of the list.
# New numbering starts with 1.
The MediaWiki software suppresses single newlines and converts lines starting with a space to preformatted text in a dashed box. HTML suppresses multiple spaces. It is often desirable to retain these elements for poems, lyrics, mottoes, oaths and the like. The Poem extension adds HTML-like <poem></poem> tags to maintain newlines and spaces. These tags may be used inside other tags such as <blockquote></blockquote>.
What it looks like
What you type
In Xanadu did Kubla Khan
A stately pleasure-dome decree:
Where Alph, the sacred river, ran
Through caverns measureless to man
Down to a sunless sea.
So twice five miles of fertile ground
With walls and towers were girdled round:
And there were gardens bright with sinuous rills,
Where blossomed many an incense-bearing tree;
And here were forests ancient as the hills,
Enfolding sunny spots of greenery.
<poem>
In Xanadu did Kubla Khan
A stately pleasure-dome decree:
Where Alph, the sacred river, ran
Through caverns measureless to man
Down to a sunless sea.
So twice five miles of fertile ground
With walls and towers were girdled round:
And there were gardens bright with sinuous rills,
Where blossomed many an incense-bearing tree;
And here were forests ancient as the hills,
Enfolding sunny spots of greenery.
</poem>
ফৰ্মেট
পাঠৰ ফৰ্মেট
What it looks like
What you type
You can italicize text by putting 2
apostrophes on each side.
3 apostrophes will bold the text.
5 apostrophes will bold and italicizethe text.
You can ''italicize text'' by putting 2
apostrophes on each side.
3 apostrophes will '''bold the text'''.
5 apostrophes will '''bold''' and ''italicize''
'''''the text'''''.
Computer code has a colored background
and more stringent formatting. Suppose we
want to define <code>int main()</code>:
<syntaxhighlight lang="cpp">#include <iostream>
int main ( int argc, char **argv ) {
std::cout << "Hello World!";
return 0;
}</syntaxhighlight>
You can use small text for captions.
You can use <small>small text</small> for captions.
Better stay away from big text, unless
it's within small text.
You can include a non-breaking space (sometimes called non-printing character) where you require two words to always appear together on the same line, such as Mr. Smith or 400 km/h using in place of a regular space between the two "words" that need to behave as a single word (never be separated on different lines).
Mr. Smith or 400 km/h.
Extra spacing within text can best be achieved using the pad template:
Mary had a little lamb.
Mary {{pad|4em}} had a little lamb.
Typewriter font
(does also work beyond the end of a paragraph): arrow →
The latter methods of sub/superscripting cannot be used in the most general context, as they rely on Unicode support which may not be present on all users' machines. For the 1-2-3 superscripts, it is nevertheless preferred when possible (as with units of measurement) because most browsers have an easier time formatting lines with it.
Simple formulae may use either <math> markup or HTML/wiki markup using the {{math}} template with <i> and <b> or '' and ''' for formatting. Make sure to replace = with {{=}}.
Ordinary text should use wiki markup for emphasis. However, mathematical formulae often use italics, and sometimes use bold, for reasons unrelated to emphasis. Per Wikipedia:Manual of Style (mathematics), wiki markup ('' and ''') is preferred over HTML markup (<i> and <b>), but both are allowed.
Using to prevent linebreak is not needed; the {{math}} template will prevent line breaks anyway; you can use <br> if you need an explicit line break inside a formula.
What it looks like
What you type
It follows that x2 ≥ 0 is true when x is a real number.
It follows that {{math|''x''<sup>2</sup> ≥ 0}} is true when {{math|<VAR>x</VAR>}} is a real number.
In Wikipedia's markup language, you create free links by putting double square brackets around text designating the title of the page you want to link to. Thus, [[Texas]] will be rendered as Texas. Optionally, you can use a vertical bar (|) to customize the link title. For example, typing [[Texas|Lone Star state]] will produce Lone Star state, a link that is displayed as "Lone Star state" but in fact links to Texas.
আন ৱিকি প্ৰবন্ধলৈ সংযোগ
Internally, the first letter of the target page is automatically capitalized and spaces are represented as underscores (typing an underscore in the link has the same effect as typing a space, but is not recommended).
Thus the link below is to the URL en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_transport, which is the Wikipedia article with the name "Public transport". See also Canonicalization.
A red link is a page that doesn't exist yet; it can be created by clicking on the link.
New York also has [[public transport|public transportation]].
স্বয়ংক্ৰিয়ভাৱে পুনৰ নাম দিয়া সংযোগ
Simply typing the pipe character (|) after a link will automatically rename the link in certain circumstances. The next time you open the edit box you will see the expanded piped link. When previewing your edits, you will not see the expanded form until you press Save and Edit again. The same applies to links to sections within the same page.
The part after the number sign (#) must match a section heading on the page. Matches must be exact in terms of spelling, case, and punctuation. Links to non-existent sections are not broken; they are treated as links to the top of the page.
Include "| link title" to create a stylish (piped) link title.
If sections have the same title, add a number to link to any but the first. #Example section 3 goes to the third section named "Example section". You can use the pipe and retype the section title to display the text without the # symbol.
[[Wikipedia:Manual of Style#Italics]] is a link to a section within another page.
#Links and URLs is a link to another section on the current page. Links and URLs is a link to the same section without showing the # symbol.
[[#Links and URLs]] is a link to another section on the current page. [[#Links and URLs|Links and URLs]] is a link to the same section without showing the # symbol.
Italics is a piped link to a section within another page.
[[Wikipedia:Manual of Style#Italics|Italics]] is a piped link to a section within another page.
পৃষ্ঠা সংযোগ সৃষ্টি
To create a new page:
Create a link to it on some other (related) page.
Save that page.
Click on the link you just made. The new page will open for editing.
Redirect one article title to another by placing a directive like the one shown to the right on the first line of the article (such as at a page titled "USA").
It is possible to redirect to a section. For example, a redirect to United States#History will redirect to the History section of the United States page, if it exists.
To link to a page on the same subject in another language, use the form: [[language code:Title]].
It is recommended interlanguage links be placed at the very end of the article.
Interlanguage links are not visible within the formatted article but, instead, appear as language links on the sidebar (to the left) under the menu section "languages".
To put an article in a category, place a link like the one to the right anywhere in the article. As with interlanguage links, placing these links at the end of the edit box is recommended.
To link to a category page without putting the article into the category, use a colon prefix (":Category") in the link.
Square brackets indicate an external link. Note the use of a space (not a pipe) to separate the URL from the link text in the "named" link. Square brackets may be used as normal when not linking to anything - [like this].
In the URL, all symbols must be among: A-Z a-z 0-9 . _ \ / ~ % - + & # ? ! = ( ) @
If a URL contains a character not in this list, it should be encoded by using a percent sign (%) followed by the hex code of the character, which can be found in the table of ASCII printable characters. For example, the caret character (^) would be encoded in a URL as %5E, and square brackets as %5B and %5D.
If the "named" version contains a closing square bracket "]", then you must use the HTML special character syntax, i.e. ] otherwise the MediaWiki software will prematurely interpret this as the end of the external link.
Link to books using their ISBN. This is preferred to linking to a specific online bookstore, because it gives the reader a choice of vendors. However, if one bookstore or online service provides additional free information, such as table of contents or excerpts from the text, then a link to that source will aid the user and is recommended. ISBN links do not need any extra markup, provided you use one of the indicated formats.
To create a link to Book Sources using alternative text (e.g. the book's title), use the internal link style with the appropriate namespace.
Only images that have been uploaded to Wikipedia can be used. To upload images, use the upload page. You can find the uploaded image on the image list.
What it looks like
What you type
A picture:
A picture:
[[File:Wikipedia-logo-v2-as.svg]]
With alternative text:
With alternative text:
[[File:Wikipedia-logo-v2-as.svg|alt=Puzzle globe logo]]
Alternative text, used when the image is unavailable or when the image is loaded in a text-only browser, or when spoken aloud, is strongly encouraged. See Alternative text for images for help on choosing it.
Floating to the right side of the page using the frame attribute and a caption:
Wikipedia Encyclopedia
Floating to the right side of the page
using the ''frame'' attribute and a caption:
[[File:Wikipedia-logo-v2-as.svg|frame|alt=Puzzle globe logo|Wikipedia Encyclopedia]]
The frame tag automatically floats the image right.
The last parameter is the caption that appears below the image.
Floating to the right side of the page using the thumb attribute and a caption:
Wikipedia Encyclopedia
Floating to the right side of the page
using the ''thumb'' attribute and a caption:
[[File:Wikipedia-logo-v2-as.svg|thumb|alt=Puzzle globe logo|Wikipedia Encyclopedia]]
The thumb tag automatically floats the image right.
An enlarge icon is placed in the lower right corner.
Floating to the right side of the page without a caption:
Wikipedia Encyclopedia
Floating to the right side of the page
''without'' a caption:
[[File:Wikipedia-logo-v2-as.svg|right|Wikipedia Encyclopedia]]
Making a reference citing a printed or online source can be accomplished by using the ref tag. Inside the reference tag details about the reference are added.
You can add additional attributes to add detail about the source and reference, a pipe (|) precedes each reference, each attribute goes inside the cite portion of the tag.
What it's for
What you type
For creating the reference
<ref name="name for reference">Use a closing tag</ref>
When you cite a book
{{cite book}}
To cite a web source
{{cite web}}
Book ISBN
|isbn=0-8018-6646-4 (ISBN of the book)
Web URL
|url=http://wikipedia.com
Title
|title=title of source
Author
|author=authors, use commas for multiple
First Name
|first=first name
Last Name
|last=last name
Location
|location=location of occurrence
Publisher
|publisher=who published the source
Date
|date=2007-03-04 (date of source)
Year
|year=year of source
Accessed Date
|accessdate=2008-12-07
a complete reference tag
<ref name="WikiMarkup">{{cite web |url=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Wiki_markup |title=Help:Wiki Markup |publisher=Wikimedia Foundation, Inc}}</ref>
Examples for templates: {{pad|...}}, {{math|...}}, {{as of|...}}, {{edit}}
Templates are segments of Wiki markup that are meant to be copied automatically ("transcluded") into a page.
You add them by putting the template's name in {{double braces}}. It is also possible to transclude other pages by using {{:colon and double braces}}.
There are three pairs of tags that can be used in wikitext to control how transclusion affects parts of a template or article.
They determine whether or not wikitext renders, either in its own article, which we will call "here", or in another article where it is transcluded, which we will call "there".
<noinclude>: the content will not be rendered there. These tags have no effect here.
<includeonly>: the content will render only there, and will not render here (like invisible ink made visible by means of transclusion).
<onlyinclude>: the content will render here and will render there, but it will only render there what is between these tags.
There can be several such section "elements". Also, they can be nested. All possible renderings are achievable. For example, to render there one or more sections of the page here use <onlyinclude> tags. To append text there, wrap the addition in <includeonly> tags above, within, or below the section. To omit portions of the section, nest <noinclude> tags within it.
If a page is transcluded without transclusion markup,
it may cause an unintentional categorization.
Any page transcluding it will contain the same category as the original page.
Wrap the category markup with <noinclude> tags to prevent incorrect categorization.
Some templates take parameters, as well, which you separate with the pipe character.
This template takes two parameters, and
creates underlined text with a hover box
for many modern browsers supporting CSS:
Hover your mouse over this text
Go to this page to see the H:title template
itself: {{H:title}}
This template takes two parameters, and
creates underlined text with a hover box
for many modern browsers supporting CSS:
{{H:title|This is the hover text|
Hover your mouse over this text}}
Go to this page to see the H:title template
itself: {{tl|H:title}}
আলোচনা আৰু প্ৰকল্প পৃষ্ঠা
মন্তব্যত স্বাক্ষৰ
The character tilde (~) is used when adding a comment to a Talk page.
A few different kinds of formatting will tell the Wiki to display things as you typed them — what you see is what you get!
What it looks like
What you type
<nowiki> tag:
The nowiki tag ignores [[Wiki]] ''markup''.
It reformats text by removing newlines and multiple spaces.
It still interprets special characters: →
<nowiki>
The nowiki tag ignores [[Wiki]] ''markup''.
It reformats text by removing newlines
and multiple spaces.
It still interprets special
characters: →
</nowiki>
<pre> tag:
The <pre> tag ignores [[Wiki]] ''markup''
as does the <nowiki> tag. Additionally,
<pre> displays in a mono-spaced font, and
also does not reformat text.
It still interprets special characters: →
<pre>
The <pre> tag ignores [[Wiki]] ''markup''
as does the <nowiki> tag. Additionally,
<pre> displays in a mono-spaced font, and
also does not reformat text.
It still interprets special characters: →
</pre>
[text without a URL]:
Single square brackets containing
[text without a URL] are preserved,
but single square brackets containing
a URL first are treated as external
links
Single square brackets containing
[text without a URL] are preserved,
but single square brackets containing
a URL first are treated as external
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperlink links]
Leading space:
Leading spaces are another way
to preserve formatting.
Putting a space at the beginning of each line
stops the text from being reformatted.
It still interprets Wikimarkup and
special characters: →
Leading spaces are another way
to preserve formatting.
Putting a space at the beginning of each line
stops the text from being reformatted.
It still interprets [[Wiki]] ''markup'' and
special characters: →
অদৃশ্য আখৰ (মন্তব্যসমূহ)
অতিৰিক্ত তথ্য: [[::en:Help:Hidden text]]
It's uncommon, but on occasion acceptable for notes to other editors, to add a hidden comment within the text of an article. These comments are only visible when editing or viewing the source of a page. Most comments should go on the appropriate Talk page. The format is to surround the hidden text with '<!--' and '-->' and may cover several lines, e.g.:
<!-- An example of hidden comments
This won't be visible except in "edit" mode. -->
NUMBEROFARTICLES is the number of pages in the main namespace which contain a link and are not a redirect, in other words number of articles, stubs containing a link, and disambiguation pages.
CURRENTMONTHNAMEGEN is the genitive (possessive) grammatical form of the month name, as used in some languages; CURRENTMONTHNAME is the nominative (subject) form, as usually seen in English.
In languages where it makes a difference, you can use constructs like {{grammar:case|word}} to convert a word from the nominative case to some other case. For example, {{grammar:genitive|{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}}} means the same as {{CURRENTMONTHNAMEGEN}}.
{{convert|original_value|original_unit|conversion_unit|abbr=on}} Range of Values: {{convert|orig_val1|range|orig_val2|original_unit|conversion_unit|abbr=on}}
* {{subst:uw-vandalism1|PageName}} ~~~~ (unintentional vandalism/test)
* {{subst:uw-delete1|PageName}} ~~~~ (unintentional removal of content)
* {{subst:uw-vandalism2|PageName}} ~~~~ (suitable for intentional nonsense or disruption)
* {{subst:uw-delete2|PageName}} ~~~~ (variant for removal of content)
* {{subst:uw-vandalism3|PageName}} ~~~~ ("please stop" for use after level 2 warning)
* {{subst:uw-delete3|PageName}} ~~~~ (please stop removing content)
* {{subst:uw-vandalism4|PageName}} ~~~~ (last warning for vandalism)
* {{subst:uw-delete4|PageName}} ~~~~ (last warning for removing content)
* {{subst:uw-vandalism4im|PageName}} ~~~~ (only warning; for severe or grotesque vandalism only)
* {{subst:uw-delete4im|PageName}} ~~~~ (only warning; for many blankings in a short period of time)
