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Pertempuran Chuenpee Kedua
Pertempuran Chuenpee Kedua (Chuenpee sering ditulis Chuenpi atau Chuanbi (穿鼻) dalam pinyin)[1] adalah pertempuran yang terjadi antara pasukan Inggris dan Tiongkok di Delta Sungai Mutiara, provinsi Guangdong, Tiongkok, pada tanggal 7 Januari 1841 selama Perang Candu Pertama. Inggris melancarkan serangan amfibi di selat Humen (Bogue) dan merebut benteng di pulau Chuenpi serta Taikoktow.
Selanjutnya terjadi negosiasi antara Kuasa Penuh Inggris Charles Elliot dan Komisaris Kekaisaran Tiongkok Qishan yang menghasilkan Konvensi Chuenpi pada 20 Januari. Sebagai salah satu syarat perjanjian, Elliot mengumumkan penyerahan Pulau Hong Kong kepada Britania Raya, setelah itu Inggris menjadi pemilik resmi pulau itu pada 26 Januari.
Referensi
- Belcher, Edward (1843). Narrative of a Voyage Round the World. Volume 2. London: Henry Colburn.
- Benson, Arthur Christopher; Esher, Viscount (1907). The Letters of Queen Victoria. Volume 1. New York: Longmans, Green, and Co.
- Bingham, John Elliot (1843). Narrative of the Expedition to China, from the Commencement of the War to Its Termination in 1842 (2nd ed.). Volume 2. London: Henry Colburn.
- Bulletins of State Intelligence. Westminster: F. Watts. 1841.
- The Chinese Repository. Volume 10. Canton. 1841.
- The Chinese Repository. Volume 11. Canton. 1842.
- Davis, John Francis (1852). China, During the War and Since the Peace. Volume 1. London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans.
- Fay, Peter Ward (1997) [1975]. The Opium War, 1840-1842: Barbarians in the Celestial Empire. University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 0807847143.
- Hall, William Hutcheon; Bernard, William Dallas (1844). Narrative of the Voyages and Services of the Nemesis from 1840 to 1843 (2nd ed.). London: Henry Colburn.
- Hanes, William Travis; Sanello, Frank (2002). The Opium Wars: The Addiction of One Empire and the Corruption of Another. Naperville, Illinois: Sourcebooks. ISBN 1-4022-0149-4.
- Hoe, Susanna; Roebuck, Derek (1999). The Taking of Hong Kong: Charles and Clara Elliot in China Waters. Richmond, Surrey: Curzon Press. ISBN 0-7007-1145-7.
- Le Pichon, Alain (2006). China Trade and Empire. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-726337-2.
- Mackenzie, Keith Stewart (1842). Narrative of the Second Campaign in China. London: Richard Bentley.
- MacPherson, Duncan (1843). Two Years in China (2nd ed.). London: Saunders and Otley.
- Mao, Haijian (2016). The Qing Empire and the Opium War. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781107069879.
- Morse, Hosea Ballou (1910). The International Relations of the Chinese Empire. Volume 1. New York: Paragon Book Gallery.
- Martin, Robert Montgomery (1847). China: Political, Commercial, and Social; In an Official Report to Her Majesty's Government. Volume 2. London: James Madden.
- The Nautical Magazine and Naval Chronicle, for 1841. London: Simpkin, Marshall, and Co. 1841.
- Ouchterlony, John (1844). The Chinese War. London: Saunders and Otley.
- Parker, Edward Harper (1888). Chinese Account of the Opium War. Shanghai: Kelly & Walsh.
- The United Service Journal and Naval Military Magazine. Part 2. London: Henry Colburn. 1841.
Pranala luar
- ^ Hoe & Roebuck 1999, p. xviii
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