^Miniature Schnauzer: Description. The Kennel Club. [28 May 2018]. (原始内容存档于2013-09-06). It is thought that the miniaturisation was brought about by the infusion of Affenpinscher blood. The Miniature variety was first officially recorded in 1888.
^Miniature Schnauzer. Hillspet.com. [25 March 2013]. (原始内容存档于2018-01-28). Miniature Schnauzers are hardy, merry little dogs that were first bred in Germany in the late 19th century. They are descendants of Affenpinschers and Standard Schnauzers.
^Frye, Fredric L. Schnauzers: Everything about Purchase, Care, Nutrition, and Diseases. Barron's Educational Series. 2002: 5–6. ISBN 978-0-7641-1962-0. Most experts believe that the Miniature Schnauzer is the result of crossbreeding Poodles and Affenpinchers with smaller Standard Schnauzers. If this is correct, the addition of these other two breeds with their positive traits of vigor and intelligence certainly improved the result. 含有內容需登入查看的頁面 (link)
^Miniature Schnauzer History. AKC.org. [22 August 2008]. (原始内容存档于16 September 2008). The Miniature Schnauzer is derived from the Standard Schnauzer and is said to have come from mixing of Affenpinschers and Poodles with small Standards