鍺 (Ge,原子量 :72.630(8))共有45個同位素 ,其中有4個同位素是穩定 的。
圖表
符號
Z
N
同位素質量(u )[ n 1] [ n 2]
半衰期 [ n 1] [ n 2] [ n 3]
衰變 方式 [ 3]
衰變 產物 [ n 4] [ n 5]
原子核 自旋 [ n 1]
相對豐度 (莫耳 分率)[ 4] [ n 2]
激發能量[ n 2]
58 Ge
32
26
57.99101(34)#
2p
56 Zn
0+
59 Ge
32
27
58.98175(30)#
2p
57 Zn
7/2−#
60 Ge
32
28
59.97019(25)#
30# ms
β+
60 Ga
0+
2p
58 Zn
61 Ge
32
29
60.96379(32)#
39(12) ms
β+ , p (80%)
60 Zn
(3/2−)#
β+ (20%)
61 Ga
62 Ge
32
30
61.95465(15)#
129(35) ms
β+
62 Ga
0+
63 Ge
32
31
62.94964(21)#
142(8) ms
β+
63 Ga
(3/2−)#
64 Ge
32
32
63.94165(3)
63.7(25) s
β+
64 Ga
0+
65 Ge
32
33
64.93944(11)
30.9(5) s
β+ (99.99%)
65 Ga
(3/2)−
β+ , p (.01%)
64 Zn
66 Ge
32
34
65.93384(3)
2.26(5) h
β+
66 Ga
0+
67 Ge
32
35
66.932734(5)
18.9(3) min
β+
67 Ga
1/2−
67m1 Ge
18.20(5) keV
13.7(9) µs
5/2−
67m2 Ge
751.70(6) keV
110.9(14) ns
9/2+
68 Ge[ n 6]
32
36
67.928094(7)
270.95(16) d
ε
68 Ga
0+
69 Ge
32
37
68.9279645(14)
39.05(10) h
β+
69 Ga
5/2−
69m1 Ge
86.765(14) keV
5.1(2) µs
1/2−
69m2 Ge
397.944(18) keV
2.81(5) µs
9/2+
70 Ge
32
38
69.9242474(11)
稳定
0+
0.2052(19)
71 Ge
32
39
70.9249510(11)
11.43(3) d
ε
71 Ga
1/2−
71m Ge
198.367(10) keV
20.40(17) ms
IT
71 Ge
9/2+
72 Ge
32
40
71.9220758(18)
稳定
0+
0.2745(15)
72m Ge
691.43(4) keV
444.2(8) ns
0+
73 Ge
32
41
72.9234589(18)
稳定
9/2+
0.0776(8)
73m1 Ge
13.2845(15) keV
2.92(3) µs
5/2+
73m2 Ge
66.726(9) keV
499(11) ms
1/2−
74 Ge
32
42
73.9211778(18)
稳定
0+
0.3652(12)
75 Ge
32
43
74.9228589(18)
82.78(4) min
β−
75 As
1/2−
75m1 Ge
139.69(3) keV
47.7(5) s
IT (99.97%)
75 Ge
7/2+
β−
75 As
75m2 Ge
192.18(7) keV
216(5) ns
5/2+
76 Ge[ n 7]
32
44
75.9214026(18)
1.78(8)×1021 y
β− β−
76 Se
0+
0.0775(12)
77 Ge
32
45
76.9235486(18)
11.30(1) h
β−
77 As
7/2+
77m Ge
159.70(10) keV
52.9(6) s
β− (79%)
77 As
1/2−
IT (21%)
77 Ge
78 Ge
32
46
77.922853(4)
88(1) min
β−
78 As
0+
79 Ge
32
47
78.9254(1)
18.98(3) s
β−
79 As
(1/2)−
79m Ge
185.95(4) keV
39.0(10) s
β− (96%)
79 As
(7/2+)#
IT (4%)
79 Ge
80 Ge
32
48
79.92537(3)
29.5(4) s
β−
80 As
0+
81 Ge
32
49
80.92882(13)
7.6(6) s
β−
81 As
9/2+#
81m Ge
679.13(4) keV
7.6(6) s
β− (99%)
81 As
(1/2+)
IT (1%)
81 Ge
82 Ge
32
50
81.92955(26)
4.55(5) s
β−
82 As
0+
83 Ge
32
51
82.93462(21)#
1.85(6) s
β−
83 As
(5/2+)#
84 Ge
32
52
83.93747(32)#
0.947(11) s
β− (89.2%)
84 As
0+
β− , n (10.8%)
83 As
85 Ge
32
53
84.94303(43)#
535(47) ms
β− (86%)
85 As
5/2+#
β− , n (14%)
84 As
86 Ge
32
54
85.94649(54)#
>150 ns
β− , n
85 As
0+
β−
86 As
87 Ge
32
55
86.95251(54)#
0.14# s
5/2+#
88 Ge
32
56
87.95691(75)#
>=300 ns
0+
89 Ge
32
57
88.96383(97)#
>150 ns
3/2+#
参考文獻
^ M. Agostini; et al. Final Results of GERDA on the Two-Neutrino Double-β Decay Half-Life of 76 Ge. Physical Review Letters (American Physical Society (APS)). 2023-10-03, 131 (14). ISSN 0031-9007 . doi:10.1103/physrevlett.131.142501 .
^ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report) . Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2022-05-04. ISSN 1365-3075 . doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603 (英语) .
^ Universal Nuclide Chart . nucleonica. [2015-09-13 ] . (原始内容存档 于2017-02-19).
^ Standard Atomic Weights: Germanium . CIAAW . [2024-05-28 ] . (原始内容存档 于2024-02-08).
Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties (页面存档备份 ,存于互联网档案馆 ), Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database (页面存档备份 ,存于互联网档案馆 ) (retrieved Sept. 2005).
David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition , online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.
穩定9個
穩定6個
穩定5個
穩定4個
穩定3個
穩定2個
穩定1個
1億年〜
1万年〜
10年〜
100日〜
1日〜
1時〜
10分〜
1分〜
10秒〜
1秒〜
不到1秒
幻數
穩定9個
穩定6個
穩定5個
穩定4個
穩定3個
穩定2個
穩定1個
1億年〜
1万年〜
10年〜
100日〜
1日〜
1時〜
10分〜
1分〜
10秒〜
1秒〜
不到1秒
幻數