邊界流

與北太平洋環流有關的主要洋流

邊界流（英語：Boundary Current）是指在大陸邊緣的洋流，因此其動力受海岸線的影響。边界流可分為兩個不同的類別：西部邊界流和東部邊界流。

東部邊界流

東部邊界流位於大洋盆地的東側（毗鄰大陸的西海岸），其特性一般較淺、較寬而且流動緩慢。位於副熱帶的東部邊界洋流是向赤道流動的，把冷水從高緯度地區輸送到低緯度地區。本格拉洋流[1]、加那利洋流[2]、 洪堡洋流（英语：Humboldt Current）[3] 和加利福尼亞洋流（英語：California Current）[4]等均屬于東部邊界流。在這些地區的沿岸上升流，經常把富含海鲜的深水帶入東部邊界洋流區，使其成為海產豐富區域[5][6]。

西部邊界流

西部邊界流则分為亞熱帶和低緯度西部邊界流兩種洋流。亞熱帶西部邊界洋流是由於大環流的西環強化（英語：Western intensification）作用的，而在洋盆西側形成的溫暖、深、窄和快速流動的洋流，它們從熱帶向極地方向運送溫水。墨西哥灣流[7]、阿古拉斯洋流[8]和黑潮[9]等均屬此種西部邊界流。低緯度西部邊界流類似於亞熱帶西部邊界流，但將冷水從亞熱帶流向赤道方向。棉蘭老島洋流（英语：Mindanao Current）（英語：Mindanao Current）[10]和巴西北部洋流（英语：North Brazil Current）（英語：North Brazil Current）[11]等也屬于此種西部邊界流。[12][13]。

參見

• 風成環流——施加在海面的風應力與海水南北輸送之間的理論關係。

參考文獻

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8. J.R.E. Lutjeharms, R. Catzel, H.R. Valentine,(1989) Eddies and other boundary phenomena of the Agulhas Current, Continental Shelf Research, Volume 9, Issue 7, Pages 597-616,ISSN 0278-4343, https://doi.org/10.1016/0278-4343(89)90032-0.(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0278434389900320)
9. Kathryn A. Kelly, R. Justin Small,R. M. Samelson, Bo Qiu, Terrence M. Joyce, Young-Oh Kwon, and Meghan F. Cronin (2010)Western Boundary Currents and Frontal Air–Sea Interaction: Gulf Stream and Kuroshio Extension Jour of Climate Vol. 23 Issue 21, p 5644-5667.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1175/2010JCLI3346.1
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